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This document provides comprehensive knowledge about occupational safety in the urban landscape industry, including accident prevention measures, health protection, and improving the working environment. Detailed guidance helps workers identify and minimize risks, ensuring safety for themselves and their colleagues. This is an essential source of information for anyone involved in the construction and maintenance of urban landscapes, aiming to create a safe and efficient working environment.

Table of Contents

PART I: CURRENT STATE OF SAFETY IN THE URBAN LANDSCAPE INDUSTRY

I. General Situation

The Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs informs sectors and localities of the occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 and outlines key solutions to proactively prevent incidents and accidents in the last 6 months of 2024. According to reports from 61 out of 63 centrally governed provinces and cities, in the first 6 months of 2024, there were a total of 3,201 occupational accidents nationwide (a decrease of 227 cases, equivalent to 7.09% compared to the same period in 2023), resulting in 3,065 victims (a decrease of 197 people, equivalent to 6.04% compared to the first 6 months of 2023), including both employees under labor contracts and those working without labor contracts. Specifically:

Number of fatal occupational accidents: 320 cases, a decrease of 25 cases (7.25%) compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 245 cases in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 28 cases or 10.3%; and 75 cases in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 3 cases or 4.2% compared to the first 6 months of 2023);
Number of deaths due to occupational accidents: 346 people, a decrease of 7 people or 1.98% compared to the same period in 2023 (including 268 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 13 people or 4.63%; and 78 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 6 people or 8.33%).
Number of people seriously injured: 810 people, an increase of 26 people or 3.32% compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 710 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 5 people or 0.7%; and 100 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 31 people or 44.92%).

Download the PDF file Occupational Accident Report – First 6 Months of 2024 issued by the Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs.

The occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 in both sectors with and without labor relations saw a decrease in the number of deaths and fatal accidents compared to the same period in 2023.

II. Some Occupational Accidents in the Urban Landscape Industry

Working in the urban landscape industry brings many challenges and risks due to the nature of the work, the working environment, and unforeseen external factors. Below are some typical occupational accidents in this field, illustrating the dangers that workers may face and from which valuable lessons on occupational safety can be drawn.

1. Accidents due to falling trees

One of the most common risks for those working in the urban landscape industry is accidents due to falling trees. For example, in 2019, a worker in New York was killed when a large tree fell due to strong winds while he was pruning branches. The main cause of this accident was a misjudgment of the tree’s health and the lack of appropriate protective measures when working in bad weather conditions.

2. Accidents due to machinery

The use of machinery such as chainsaws, lawn mowers, and forklifts in urban landscape work carries many dangers if safety procedures are not followed. In 2020, a worker in Los Angeles was seriously injured when a forklift overturned while moving a large ornamental tree. The incident occurred due to a lack of experience in operating the equipment and the absence of appropriate safety measures such as wearing a seatbelt and thoroughly inspecting the equipment before use.

3. Accidents due to falls from heights

Urban landscape work often requires working at heights, for example, pruning trees or installing lighting systems. In 2021, in a city in Texas, a worker fell from a height of 10 meters while repairing a street light. The cause of this accident was determined to be the lack of full use of personal protective equipment such as a safety harness and the absence of a standard protective scaffolding system.

4. Accidents due to chemical exposure

In the maintenance of urban landscapes, the use of chemicals such as pesticides and fertilizers is unavoidable. However, exposure to these chemicals without adequate protective measures can lead to serious occupational accidents. In 2018, at a park in Florida, a worker was seriously poisoned after not wearing a mask and protective gloves while spraying pesticides. This incident shows the importance of training and providing adequate protective equipment for workers.

5. Accidents due to unsafe working environments

The working environment at urban landscape construction sites often contains many potential hazards such as rough terrain, underground power cables, and heavy traffic. In 2017, a worker in Chicago was seriously injured when he slipped and fell due to uneven terrain and hit an unmarked underground power pole. This accident highlights the importance of assessing and improving the working environment before carrying out landscape work.

The occupational accidents mentioned above not only cause loss of life and property but also leave valuable lessons on occupational safety. To minimize risks, management units and workers need to strictly adhere to safety procedures, regularly train and raise awareness of potential risks, and ensure that protective equipment is used fully and correctly.

PART II: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH WHEN WORKING IN THE URBAN LANDSCAPE INDUSTRY

I. Occupational safety and health for tree and grass planting staff

1. Job characteristics of planting trees and grass

The job of planting trees and grass in urban landscape design requires a deep understanding of the types of trees, flowers, and grass that are suitable for each type of soil, climate, and overall design. Choosing the right type of plant not only ensures aesthetics but also helps maintain a sustainable and easy-to-care-for ecosystem. Gardeners need to have professional knowledge to evaluate and decide which plants will grow best in a specific environment.

Transporting trees and grass from the nursery to the planting area must be done carefully to avoid damaging the roots and stems. This process requires skill and appropriate equipment, including the use of specialized transport vehicles and preserving the plants in optimal conditions. Any mistake in the transportation stage can affect the survival and growth of the plants after planting.

When planting trees and grass, gardeners must follow precise technical procedures to ensure that the plants are planted at the right depth, spacing, and are provided with enough nutrients. Proper planting techniques help plants grow strong and limit pest and disease problems. This job not only requires skill but also a high sense of patience and responsibility, ensuring that the landscape is always beautiful and sustainable.

2. Types of occupational accidents during tree and grass planting

During the process of planting trees and grass, workers often face various risks of occupational accidents. One of the common dangers is accidents from gardening equipment and tools, such as lawn mowers, shovels, or pruning shears. Improper use or lack of skill can lead to injuries such as cuts, lacerations, or severe bruises, affecting the health and work ability of the workers.

Transporting trees and grass also carries many accident risks, especially when moving large or heavy plants. Improper lifting and transportation techniques can cause musculoskeletal problems, such as back pain, herniated discs, or muscle strains. In addition, the risk of collision with vehicles or falls from transport vehicles are also risks that cannot be ignored, requiring great care and attention throughout the work process.

Occupational accidents during tree and grass planting can also occur due to unsafe working environment conditions, such as slippery surfaces, unstable ground, or harsh weather. Working under the hot sun without protective measures can lead to heatstroke, exhaustion, or even heat stroke. To minimize these risks, occupational safety training and the provision of full protective equipment are extremely important, ensuring a safe and effective working environment for all workers.

3. Causes of occupational accidents when planting trees and grass

The causes of occupational accidents when planting trees and grass often stem from a lack of training and understanding of safety procedures. Many workers are not fully equipped with knowledge on the proper use of gardening tools such as lawn mowers, shovels, and pruning shears. This leads to injuries from improper use of equipment, lack of skill, or failure to follow personal protective measures.

Transporting trees and grass is also a source of accidents due to the lack of safe work procedures. When lifting and moving large or heavy plants without using proper techniques, workers are prone to musculoskeletal injuries such as back pain or herniated discs. In addition, the failure to use transport support equipment or improper storage of plants can lead to collision accidents or falls from vehicles.

In addition, unsafe working conditions such as slippery ground, unstable terrain, or harsh weather also contribute to occupational accidents. Working under intense sunlight without appropriate protective measures can lead to heatstroke or exhaustion. To minimize these causes, it is necessary to establish safety training programs, provide full protective equipment, and apply personal protective measures to ensure the safety of workers throughout the work process.

4. Preventive measures against occupational accidents when planting trees and grass

To prevent occupational accidents when planting trees and grass, occupational safety training is a key factor. Thorough training helps workers master the procedures for using gardening tools and equipment safely. This knowledge includes how to operate lawn mowers, shovels, and pruning shears correctly to minimize the risk of injury. In addition, regular inspection and maintenance of equipment is also an important measure to ensure safety.

During the transport of trees and grass, the application of proper lifting and moving techniques is necessary. Occupational safety training will help workers learn how to use support equipment such as forklifts and trailers effectively, reducing the risk of musculoskeletal injuries. At the same time, workers should be instructed on how to preserve trees and grass during transport to avoid impacts and damage.

Safe working conditions are also an indispensable factor. Workers need to be fully equipped with personal protective equipment such as gloves, helmets, and safety glasses. Occupational safety training should also include preventive measures when working in harsh weather, such as drinking enough water and taking reasonable breaks to avoid heatstroke or exhaustion. Creating a safe working environment not only protects the health of workers but also improves work efficiency.

5. Occupational safety regulations for planting trees and grass

Occupational safety regulations for planting trees and grass require workers to strictly adhere to guidelines on the use of gardening equipment and tools. All work, from using lawn mowers, shovels, to pruning shears, must be performed with proper technique to avoid causing injury. At the same time, this equipment must be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure stable and safe operation.

The process of transporting trees and grass requires care and adherence to safety rules. Workers need to be trained on proper lifting and moving techniques, using support equipment such as forklifts and trailers to minimize the risk of musculoskeletal injuries. Trees and grass must be preserved and transported in the best possible conditions to avoid damage and unwanted accidents.

To ensure occupational safety when working outdoors, workers need to be fully equipped with personal protective equipment such as gloves, helmets, and safety glasses. Occupational safety regulations also include preventive measures when working in harsh weather conditions, ensuring that workers are always in the best condition to work. Adherence to these regulations not only protects the health and safety of workers but also ensures that work performance is always at its highest level.

6. Handling emergency occupational accidents when planting trees and grass

When an emergency occupational accident occurs during the process of planting trees and grass, the most important thing is to quickly assess the situation and ensure the safety of the victim and those around them. Immediately stop all activities and determine the severity of the accident. If there is a serious injury or a life-threatening situation, it is necessary to call the emergency services immediately and provide detailed information about the victim’s condition.

While waiting for assistance from medical services, perform basic first aid measures if possible. If the victim has a minor injury such as a cut or laceration, it is necessary to clean the wound and bandage it carefully to prevent infection. In the case of a fall or musculoskeletal injury, it is necessary to stabilize the position and not move the victim if not necessary to avoid worsening the condition. A quick and effective initial first aid response can reduce the impact of the accident and protect the victim’s health.

After the emergency situation has been controlled, it is necessary to report the accident to the management and investigate the cause of the incident. This helps to identify potential hazards and improve work procedures to prevent recurrence of accidents. In addition, it is necessary to organize occupational safety training sessions to raise awareness and emergency handling skills for all employees, ensuring that everyone is ready to deal with any future incidents.

II. Occupational safety and health for irrigation system installation staff

1. Job characteristics of installing irrigation systems

The job of installing irrigation systems plays an important role in ensuring that trees and grass are adequately watered, helping to maintain the healthy growth of the landscape. First, the person performing the work needs to survey and carefully evaluate the planting area to design a suitable irrigation system. The choice between a drip irrigation system and a sprinkler system will be based on the characteristics of the plants, soil type, and local climate, in order to optimize water use and ensure the highest irrigation efficiency.

The installation of the irrigation system requires high precision and technical skill. The water pipes, control valves, and sprinkler heads need to be arranged reasonably to ensure that water is distributed evenly to all areas. The connection of the system components must be done securely to avoid water leakage and ensure stable system operation. Checking and adjusting the system after installation is an important step to identify and promptly address technical issues, ensuring the system operates effectively.

Regular maintenance of the irrigation system is an indispensable factor in maintaining long-term performance. Gardeners need to regularly check and clean the sprinkler heads to prevent clogging, replace damaged parts, and adjust the watering schedule to suit changes in weather and the water needs of the plants. This not only helps to save water but also protects the environment, while ensuring that trees and grass are always adequately watered to grow lush and green.

2. Types of occupational accidents during the installation of irrigation systems

During the installation of irrigation systems, workers may encounter various types of accidents. One of the common risks is injury from the improper use of tools and equipment. The cutting and joining of water pipes or the installation of control valves require skill and care. If safety rules are not followed, workers can easily get cut, have their hands cut, or suffer other injuries related to sharp tools and electrical equipment.

In addition, working with water systems often comes with the risk of slipping due to a slippery ground surface. When installing drip or sprinkler irrigation systems, water can wet the work surface, creating a hazardous environment for workers. Moving and working on unstable or sloping terrain further increases the risk of accidents, especially when carrying heavy or bulky equipment.

The risk of electric shock is also a serious threat when installing automatic irrigation systems. The devices that control the irrigation system often use electricity, and improper connection or failure to thoroughly check the wiring can lead to electric shock accidents. To minimize this risk, workers need to be trained in electrical safety and always follow strict regulations when working with electrical equipment. Caution and adequate knowledge of occupational safety will help protect workers from potential accidents during the installation of irrigation systems.

3. Causes of occupational accidents when installing irrigation systems

The causes of occupational accidents when installing irrigation systems often stem from a lack of skill and safety training for workers. Many people have not mastered how to use the necessary tools and equipment such as drills, saws, and water pipe cutting tools, leading to improper use and causing injuries. Inadequate training can also cause workers to not recognize potential hazards during the installation process.

In addition, an unsafe working environment is another major cause. The construction areas of irrigation systems often have complex terrain, slippery surfaces due to water and mud, which can easily cause slip and fall accidents. When moving and working on unstable terrain, workers face the risk of losing their balance and falling, especially when carrying heavy equipment or working at heights.

Finally, carelessness and lack of attention to electrical safety regulations are the causes of electric shock accidents. When installing automatic irrigation systems, the connection and inspection of electrical equipment must be done carefully. However, if electrical safety measures are not followed, such as not thoroughly inspecting the wiring or using non-standard electrical equipment, the risk of electric shock will increase. Emphasizing safety training and strict adherence to regulations will help minimize occupational accidents during the installation of irrigation systems.

4. Preventive measures against occupational accidents when installing irrigation systems

To prevent occupational accidents when installing irrigation systems, occupational safety training is essential. Workers need to be thoroughly trained on the proper use of tools and equipment such as drills, saws, and water pipe cutting tools. This training helps to minimize the risk of injury from improper use and to increase awareness of potential hazards.

Occupational environmental monitoring plays an important role in creating a safe working environment. Before starting work, it is necessary to inspect and evaluate the construction area to identify and eliminate hazardous factors such as slippery surfaces or unstable terrain. This caution helps to minimize the risk of slips and falls and ensures that workers can work in the safest possible conditions.

In addition, strict adherence to electrical safety regulations is an indispensable measure. When installing automatic irrigation systems, it is necessary to ensure that all electrical connections are made correctly and thoroughly inspected. The use of standard electrical equipment and regular inspection of wiring will prevent the risk of electric shock. The combination of occupational safety training and occupational environmental monitoring will help to create a safe working environment, minimizing occupational accidents during the installation of irrigation systems.

5. Occupational safety regulations for installing irrigation systems

Occupational safety regulations for installing irrigation systems require workers to strictly adhere to guidelines on the use of tools and equipment. Before starting work, it is necessary to ensure that all tools such as drills, saws, and water pipe cutting tools are in good condition and regularly inspected. Workers must be fully equipped with knowledge on how to use this equipment to avoid accidents from improper operation.

During installation, adherence to electrical safety rules is extremely important. The electrical equipment used to control the irrigation system needs to be installed and thoroughly inspected. All electrical connections must be made to standard and protected against water. Workers need to be trained on electrical safety measures and always use personal protective equipment such as insulated gloves and safety shoes.

Finally, occupational environmental monitoring is an indispensable factor in ensuring safety during work. Before installing the irrigation system, it is necessary to assess the working environment to identify and eliminate potential risks such as slippery surfaces or unstable terrain. This helps to create a safe working environment, reduce the risk of accidents, and protect the health of workers. Strict adherence to occupational safety regulations will ensure that the installation of the irrigation system is smooth and safe.

6. Handling emergency occupational accidents when installing irrigation systems

When an emergency occupational accident occurs during the installation of an irrigation system, the first thing to do is to immediately stop all activities and ensure the safety of everyone around. Quickly assess the victim’s condition to determine the severity of the injury. If the victim is seriously injured or has life-threatening signs, it is necessary to call the emergency services immediately and provide full information about the victim’s condition and the location of the accident.

While waiting for medical assistance, perform basic first aid measures if possible. If the victim is cut or has a laceration, it is necessary to clean the wound and bandage it carefully to prevent infection. If there is a musculoskeletal injury such as a fall or a strong impact, it is necessary to stabilize the victim’s position and not move them if not necessary to avoid worsening the condition. A quick and proper first aid response can reduce the consequences of the accident and protect the victim’s health.

After the emergency situation has been controlled, it is necessary to report the accident in detail to the management and investigate the cause of the incident. This helps to identify hazardous factors and improve work procedures to prevent recurrence of accidents. At the same time, organizing regular occupational safety training sessions will help to raise the awareness and emergency handling skills of all employees, ensuring that everyone is ready to deal with any future incidents.

III. Occupational safety and health for tree and grass trimming staff

1. Job characteristics of trimming trees and grass

The job of trimming trees and grass plays an important role in maintaining the shape and health of the landscape. First, the gardener needs to have a clear understanding of the growth characteristics of each type of tree, grass, and flower to apply appropriate trimming techniques. This not only helps to maintain aesthetic beauty but also promotes the healthy growth of trees and grass, preventing the spread of pests and harmful insects.

The trimming process requires high skill and meticulousness. The person performing the work needs to be proficient in using specialized tools such as pruning shears, trimming shears, and lawn mowers. Trimming at the right time and in the right way helps plants grow stronger, improves air circulation and light for the inner parts of the plants. This is especially important for ornamental plants and fruit trees, where trimming directly affects the quality and yield of flowers and fruits.

In addition, the job of trimming trees and grass also helps to maintain safety and tidiness for the landscape area. Removing dry branches, broken branches, and weeds not only beautifies the space but also reduces the risk of fire and accidents from falling trees or branches. To achieve optimal results, gardeners need to continuously improve their skills and understanding of trimming techniques, while also adhering to occupational safety rules to protect themselves and the surrounding environment.

2. Types of occupational accidents during tree and grass trimming

During the process of trimming trees and grass, workers may encounter various types of occupational accidents. One of the common risks is injury from the improper or unsafe use of trimming tools. Equipment such as pruning shears, trimming shears, and lawn mowers all have sharp blades, which can easily cause cuts, lacerations, or serious injuries if not used carefully or if the equipment is faulty.

In addition, trimming trees at heights also poses a major risk to workers. When working on ladders or scaffolding, the risk of falling from heights is always present, especially when not using adequate protective equipment such as a safety harness or when working in unfavorable weather conditions. These accidents can cause serious injuries such as broken bones, spinal injuries, or even be life-threatening.

In addition, contact with plant protection chemicals during trimming can also be harmful to the health of workers. Pesticides and herbicides, if not used and stored properly, can cause skin problems, respiratory problems, or poisoning. Ensuring safety during use and providing adequate protective equipment such as gloves and masks is necessary to protect the health of workers from the negative effects of chemicals.

3. Causes of occupational accidents when trimming trees and grass

The causes of occupational accidents when trimming trees and grass often stem from a lack of skill and knowledge about the use of trimming tools. Many workers are not adequately trained on how to operate and maintain equipment such as pruning shears, lawn mowers, and chainsaws. Improper use or the use of faulty equipment can lead to serious injuries such as cuts, lacerations, or deep wounds.

Another cause is the lack of adherence to occupational safety measures, especially when working at heights. The failure to use adequate protective equipment such as a safety harness, or the use of unstable ladders or scaffolding, can lead to falls from heights. In addition, working in bad weather conditions such as strong winds or rain can increase the risk of losing balance and falling, causing serious injuries such as broken bones or head injuries.

Finally, the failure to comply with chemical safety regulations is also a cause of occupational accidents. The use of plant protection chemicals such as pesticides or herbicides without personal protective measures such as gloves, masks, and safety glasses can lead to poisoning, skin irritation, or respiratory problems. Lack of knowledge on how to use and store these chemicals is the main cause of chemical-related accidents during tree and grass trimming. Training and strict adherence to safety regulations are necessary to minimize the risk of occupational accidents.

4. Preventive measures against occupational accidents when trimming trees and grass

To prevent occupational accidents when trimming trees and grass, occupational safety training is a key factor. Workers need to be fully trained on how to use and maintain trimming tools such as pruning shears, lawn mowers, and chainsaws. A clear understanding of operating procedures and safety measures helps to minimize the risk of injury from improper use of equipment. In addition, regular inspection and maintenance of equipment is an important measure to ensure it is always in good working order.

The full use of personal protective equipment is an important measure to protect workers. When working at heights, the use of a safety harness, helmet, and non-slip shoes helps to reduce the risk of falls and serious injuries. In particular, when the weather is unfavorable, workers should consider postponing the work or using additional safety measures. The choice of sturdy and stable ladders or scaffolding also plays an important role in creating a safe working environment.

In addition, strict adherence to regulations on the use of plant protection chemicals is necessary to prevent poisoning and other health problems. Workers need to be equipped with gloves, masks, and safety glasses when using pesticides or herbicides. The proper storage and use of chemicals according to instructions will minimize the risk of exposure and protect the health of workers. Creating a safe working environment not only protects workers but also improves work efficiency and the quality of trees, grass, and flowers.

5. Occupational safety regulations for trimming trees and grass

Perform tests at occupational safety training centers to obtain a certificate of occupational safety training. From there, workers will have a clear understanding of safety knowledge as well as valid certification for their work. Occupational safety regulations for trimming trees and grass set strict standards to protect the health and safety of workers. First, all trimming tools and equipment such as pruning shears, lawn mowers, and chainsaws must be thoroughly inspected and regularly maintained. Workers need to be fully trained on how to use and store these tools, ensuring they are always in good working order and safe.

The provision and proper use of personal protective equipment is an important part of safety regulations. Workers must wear protective gloves, helmets, eye protection, and non-slip shoes when performing trimming work. When working at heights, the use of a safety harness and other support equipment is mandatory to prevent falls. In particular, in bad weather conditions, additional precautions should be taken or work should be suspended to ensure safety.

In addition, regulations on the use of plant protection chemicals are also very important. Workers must strictly follow the instructions on mixing, using, and storing pesticides and herbicides. The provision of full protective equipment such as masks, gloves, and safety glasses is mandatory when in contact with chemicals. Adherence to these regulations not only protects the health of workers but also ensures that trees, grass, and flowers are properly cared for, maintaining their healthy and safe growth.

6. Handling emergency occupational accidents when trimming trees and grass

When an emergency occupational accident occurs during the process of trimming trees and grass, the first thing to do is to immediately stop all activities and ensure the safety of everyone around. Quickly assess the victim’s condition to determine the severity of the injury. If the victim is seriously injured or has life-threatening signs, it is necessary to call the emergency services immediately and provide detailed information about the victim’s condition and the location of the accident.

While waiting for medical assistance, perform basic first aid measures if possible. If the victim is cut or has a laceration, it is necessary to clean the wound and bandage it carefully to prevent infection. In the case of an injury from a fall from a height, it is necessary to stabilize the victim’s position and avoid moving them so as not to worsen the condition. A quick and proper first aid response can reduce the consequences of the accident and protect the victim’s health.

IV. Occupational safety and health for watering and fertilizing staff

1. Job characteristics of watering and fertilizing

The job of watering and fertilizing trees and grass plays a key role in maintaining the healthy and lush growth of the landscape. First, watering must be done regularly and in accordance with the needs of each type of tree and grass. Gardeners need to have a firm grasp of the required amount of water and the ideal watering time to ensure that the plants are not dehydrated or waterlogged. Automatic irrigation systems such as drip irrigation or sprinklers can be used to optimize the supply of water.

Fertilizing is an equally important part of providing nutrients to trees and grass. The choice of the right type of fertilizer for each type of plant and the timing of fertilizing are important factors that help plants grow best. Organic and inorganic fertilizers need to be used in the right dosage to avoid nutrient deficiencies or excesses, which can adversely affect the growth of trees and grass. Gardeners need to monitor the condition of the soil and plants to adjust the fertilizing schedule accordingly.

In addition, watering and fertilizing also require a great deal of patience and skill to ensure optimal results. Careful observation and understanding of the growth characteristics of each type of plant help gardeners to recognize signs of water or nutrient deficiencies in a timely manner. Meticulous and careful care not only helps plants grow strong but also creates a green and sustainable landscape.

2. Types of occupational accidents during watering and fertilizing

During the process of watering and fertilizing trees and grass, workers may encounter various types of occupational accidents. One of the common risks is accidents from the improper use of watering and fertilizing equipment. Equipment such as hoses, pumps, and fertilizer sprayers can cause injuries if they are faulty or operated with improper technique. This can lead to cuts, bruises, or even more serious injuries if not treated promptly.

In addition, exposure to chemicals in fertilizers is also a major risk for workers. Many types of fertilizers contain strong chemicals that can cause skin problems, respiratory problems, or even poisoning if not used properly or without appropriate personal protective measures. Workers must follow safety guidelines when using chemicals and always wear gloves, masks, and safety glasses to minimize risks.

In addition, watering and fertilizing on uneven or slippery terrain also carries the risk of falls and injuries. Working on wet or sloping ground requires workers to be extremely careful to avoid losing their balance. These accidents can not only cause musculoskeletal injuries but can also lead to more serious consequences such as broken bones or head injuries. To prevent this, workers should be equipped with non-slip shoes and work in groups to support each other.

3. Causes of occupational accidents when watering and fertilizing

The causes of occupational accidents when watering and fertilizing often stem from the improper use of equipment or lack of regular maintenance. Equipment such as hoses, pumps, and fertilizer sprayers, if not regularly inspected and maintained, can break down, leading to the risk of cuts, bruises, or other serious injuries. The operation of this equipment without sufficient knowledge and skill also increases the risk of accidents.

In addition, exposure to chemicals in fertilizers without adhering to safety measures is a common cause of accidents. Many types of fertilizers contain strong chemicals, and if not used properly or without personal protective measures such as gloves, masks, and safety glasses, can cause skin problems, respiratory problems, or poisoning. Lack of knowledge on how to mix, use, and store fertilizers also contributes to an increased risk of exposure and occupational accidents.

Finally, unsafe working conditions are also a significant cause of accidents. Working on uneven, slippery, or sloping terrain without appropriate preventive measures can lead to loss of balance and falls. Workers need to be equipped with non-slip shoes and work in groups to support each other, minimizing the risk of accidents due to unfavorable working conditions. Failure to comply with occupational safety measures and a lack of thorough preparation both contribute to an increased risk of accidents during watering and fertilizing.

4. Preventive measures against occupational accidents when watering and fertilizing

To prevent occupational accidents when watering and fertilizing, occupational safety training is essential. Workers need to be fully trained on how to use and maintain equipment such as hoses, pumps, and fertilizer sprayers. Regular inspection and maintenance of this equipment helps to detect and promptly address potential breakdowns, reducing the risk of injury from equipment malfunction.

The use of personal protective equipment is an important measure to protect workers from the effects of chemicals in fertilizers. Wearing gloves, masks, and safety glasses when mixing and applying fertilizers helps to prevent direct contact with chemicals that can cause skin irritation, respiratory problems, or poisoning.

Strict adherence to chemical safety guidelines, including proper storage and handling, will minimize the risk of exposure and ensure the safety of workers. Complete occupational safety training to be issued a Group 3 occupational safety card by the occupational safety training center to strengthen the record as required when working.

5. Occupational safety regulations for watering and fertilizing

Occupational safety regulations for watering and fertilizing set strict standards to protect the health and safety of workers. First, all equipment such as hoses, pumps, and fertilizer sprayers must be thoroughly inspected and regularly maintained. Workers need to be trained on how to use and store this equipment properly to avoid the risk of breakdowns and accidents during work.

The provision and proper use of personal protective equipment is a mandatory requirement under occupational safety regulations. Workers must wear gloves, masks, and safety glasses when mixing and applying fertilizers to prevent contact with toxic chemicals. In particular, adherence to guidelines on the dosage and method of fertilizer application is necessary to avoid poisoning or other health problems. Storing fertilizers in a dry, cool place and out of reach of children is also part of the safety regulations.

6. Handling emergency occupational accidents when watering and fertilizing

When an emergency occupational accident occurs during the process of watering and fertilizing, the first thing to do is to immediately stop all activities and ensure the safety of everyone around. Quickly assess the victim’s condition to determine the severity of the injury. If the victim is seriously injured or has life-threatening signs, it is necessary to call the emergency services immediately and provide detailed information about the victim’s condition and the location of the accident.

While waiting for medical assistance, perform basic first aid measures if possible. If the victim is exposed to chemicals, it is necessary to rinse the contaminated skin area and remove the contaminated clothing. For cuts or injuries from equipment, it is necessary to clean the wound and bandage it carefully to prevent infection. In the case of a fall or injury due to unsafe terrain, stabilize the victim’s position and avoid moving them so as not to worsen the condition.

V. Occupational safety and health for cleaning and maintenance staff

1. Job characteristics of cleaning and maintenance

The job of cleaning and maintaining landscape areas requires meticulous and regular attention to maintain the beauty and functionality of the space. First, removing fallen leaves and waste is a daily task that helps to keep the area clean and tidy. Workers must use tools such as brooms, shovels, and leaf blowers to collect and dispose of waste effectively, ensuring the space is always airy and beautiful.

In addition to cleaning, the maintenance of auxiliary structures such as stone benches, lighting, and walkways is also an important part of this job. Stone benches need to be regularly inspected and cleaned to ensure they are not damaged and are always ready for use. Lighting must be maintained to ensure it works well, providing adequate light at night and enhancing security for the area. Walkways need to be cleaned and repaired promptly to ensure the safety of pedestrians.

Finally, the job of cleaning and maintenance requires workers to have effective time and work management skills. Patience and attention to detail help them to identify and address minor issues before they become serious. At the same time, maintaining good communication and coordination with other departments ensures that all aspects of the landscape are cared for comprehensively and continuously, keeping the space always beautiful and safe.

2. Types of occupational accidents during cleaning and maintenance

During the cleaning and maintenance process, workers may encounter various types of occupational accidents. One of the common risks is injury from the improper use or malfunction of tools. Tools such as brooms, shovels, leaf blowers, and cutting equipment can cause cuts, bruises, or even serious injuries if not operated with proper technique or not regularly maintained.

In addition, the cleaning and maintenance of auxiliary structures such as stone benches and lighting also pose accident risks. Workers can fall or be injured when climbing to inspect and repair lighting or stone benches. In particular, if safety equipment is not used or occupational safety rules are not followed when working at heights, the risk of accidents will be high. Slippery or unstable surfaces also contribute to an increased risk of falls and injuries.

Contact with materials and waste during cleaning is also a cause of accidents. Fallen leaves and waste can hide sharp or other dangerous objects, which can easily cause injuries to workers. Exposure to cleaning chemicals or other toxic substances during maintenance can also cause skin and respiratory problems. To minimize this risk, workers need to be fully equipped with personal protective equipment such as gloves, masks, and safety shoes, as well as be trained on how to handle and store waste and chemicals safely.

3. Causes of occupational accidents during cleaning and maintenance

The causes of occupational accidents during cleaning and maintenance often stem from the improper use of tools or the lack of regular maintenance. Tools such as brooms, shovels, and leaf blowers, if not operated with proper technique, can lead to injuries. The use of cutting equipment without the necessary knowledge and skill also increases the risk of cuts, lacerations, or other serious accidents.

In addition, the lack of safety measures when working at heights is a major cause of accidents. When maintaining auxiliary structures such as lighting and stone benches, workers often have to climb and work on unstable surfaces. The failure to use full protective equipment such as a safety harness, a fixed ladder, or working in bad weather conditions can cause falls and serious injuries. Slippery or uneven terrain further increases this risk.

4. Preventive measures against occupational accidents during cleaning and maintenance

To prevent occupational accidents during cleaning and maintenance, occupational safety training is the most important thing. Workers need to be fully equipped with knowledge on how to use and maintain tools such as brooms, shovels, leaf blowers, and cutting equipment. Regular inspection and maintenance of this equipment helps to detect and promptly address any potential breakdowns, reducing the risk of injury from improper use of equipment.

The full use of personal protective equipment is an important measure to protect workers. When working at heights or on unstable surfaces, workers should wear a safety harness, helmet, and non-slip shoes. In particular, the use of a fixed ladder and other safety measures when maintaining lighting and stone benches helps to reduce the risk of falls and serious injuries. Working in bad weather conditions also requires additional preventive measures or a temporary halt to work to ensure safety.

5. Occupational safety regulations for cleaning and maintenance

Occupational safety regulations for cleaning and maintenance set strict standards to protect the health and safety of workers. First, the use and maintenance of work tools such as brooms, shovels, leaf blowers, and cutting equipment must be done with proper technique. All equipment should be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure it is always in good working order, reducing the risk of injury from breakdowns or improper use.

The provision and proper use of personal protective equipment is a mandatory requirement under occupational safety regulations. Workers must wear gloves, masks, and safety glasses when in contact with hazardous materials or cleaning chemicals. When working at heights, the use of a safety harness, helmet, and non-slip shoes is necessary to prevent the risk of falls and serious injuries. In particular, safety measures when maintaining auxiliary structures such as lighting and stone benches must be strictly implemented, including the use of a fixed ladder and checking the stability of work surfaces.

6. Handling emergency occupational accidents during cleaning and maintenance

When an emergency occupational accident occurs during the cleaning and maintenance process, the first thing to do is to immediately stop all activities and ensure the safety of everyone around. Quickly assess the victim’s condition to determine the severity of the injury. If the victim is seriously injured or has life-threatening signs, it is necessary to call the emergency services immediately and provide detailed information about the victim’s condition and the location of the accident.

While waiting for medical assistance, perform basic first aid measures if possible. If the victim is cut or has a laceration, it is necessary to clean the wound and bandage it carefully to prevent infection. If the victim falls from a height, it is necessary to stabilize the victim’s position and avoid moving them so as not to worsen the condition. In the case of chemical exposure, it is necessary to rinse the contaminated skin area and remove the contaminated clothing to minimize the effects of the toxic substance.

PART III: Additional Resources