Working environment factors
How does Nitroaniline affect workers’ health?
Apr
Nitro aniline (C6H6O2N2) is a hazardous chemical commonly used in manufacturing plants, yet few are aware of its impact on workers’ health. This article analyzes the effects of nitro aniline on human health and the necessary protective measures.
1. What is Nitro Aniline?
Nitro aniline, with the chemical formula C₆H₆N₂O₂, is an organic compound belonging to the aromatic amine group, in which an amino group (-NH₂) and a nitro group (-NO₂) are attached to the benzene ring at different positions. The three main isomers of nitro aniline include 2-nitroaniline, 3-nitroaniline, and 4-nitroaniline, distinguished by the position of the nitro group on the benzene ring. Among them, 4-nitroaniline (also known as p-nitroaniline) has the nitro group attached at the para position relative to the amino group, being the most common and widely used isomer in industry.
This compound appears as a yellow solid, easily soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether, but poorly soluble in water. With a molecular weight of approximately 138.12 g/mol, nitro aniline exhibits the typical chemical properties of aromatic amines and readily participates in reactions such as diazotization and reduction to form more complex compounds.
| No. | Chemical Name (Vietnamese) | Chemical Name (English) | HS Code | CAS Number | Chemical Formula |
| 1. | Nitro anilin | Nitro aniline | 29214200 | 99-09-2; 100-01-6; 88-74-4 | C6H6O2N2 |
See more services: Chemical Safety Training under Decree 113/2017/ND-CP
REGISTER FOR CHEMICAL SAFETY TRAINING UNDER DECREE 113
2. Where does Nitro Aniline originate in production?
During production, nitro aniline mainly forms from chemical reactions between aniline and nitric acid.
Specifically, when aniline is treated with concentrated nitric acid under controlled temperature and pressure, the nitro group (-NO₂) is attached to the benzene ring of aniline, forming nitro aniline.
This process is usually conducted in the presence of sulfuric acid to enhance nitration efficiency.
The reaction can be adjusted to produce different isomers of nitro aniline depending on the nitro group’s position on the benzene ring.
The resulting product often requires purification to remove impurities and achieve the quality standards needed for industrial applications.
3. Industries using Nitro Aniline in production
In industrial production, nitroaniline is widely used in various fields. One of its main applications is in the dye manufacturing industry. It serves as a crucial intermediate in the synthesis of azo dyes, which are commonly used in textiles and printing. These dyes provide vibrant and durable colors, contributing to the fashion and design industries.
Additionally, nitroaniline is used in the pharmaceutical industry. It is an important component in synthesizing pharmacological compounds, especially analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs, supporting the treatment of various medical conditions. Its unique chemical properties enhance the effectiveness of active pharmaceutical ingredients while minimizing unwanted side effects.
In agriculture, nitroaniline is used in the production of pesticides and crop protection chemicals. It is a key raw material for synthesizing compounds that can kill or inhibit pests, protecting crops and increasing yields. The use of nitroaniline in pesticides improves pest control efficiency while minimizing environmental impact.
Furthermore, nitroaniline is applied in manufacturing antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, and in the fuel industry. It helps improve product quality and durability, enhancing performance and stability during fuel usage.
In summary, nitroaniline plays a vital role across multiple industries—from dye, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals to antioxidants and fuel production—thanks to its unique chemical properties and participation in critical chemical reactions.
4. Effects of Nitro Aniline on workers
Exposure to nitroaniline can pose serious health risks to workers. Acute poisoning symptoms include headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, difficulty breathing, and bluish discoloration of the skin or lips, indicating methemoglobinemia caused by nitroaniline reducing the blood’s oxygen-carrying capacity. Severe cases may lead to coma or death.
Long-term or repeated exposure can damage organs such as the liver, kidneys, heart, and blood. Prolonged contact may also cause anemia, reduced blood cell count, and liver injury.
To protect workers’ health, preventive measures must be implemented, including using personal protective equipment, ensuring good ventilation in work areas, and following occupational safety regulations for nitroaniline handling.
5. Safe exposure limits for Nitro Aniline
In the workplace, determining the maximum allowable exposure concentration of nitroaniline is crucial to safeguard workers’ health. The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the permissible exposure limit (PEL) for para-nitroaniline at 6 mg/m³ (equivalent to 1 ppm) over an 8-hour workday. OSHA later adjusted this limit to 3 mg/m³, with a “skin” notation, indicating the chemical can be absorbed through the skin and requires appropriate protection.
The American Conference of Governmental and Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) recommends a threshold limit value (TLV-TWA) of 3 mg/m³ over an 8-hour workday for para-nitroaniline, also with a “skin” notation.
Compliance with these limits is essential to minimize the risk of poisoning and health problems related to nitroaniline exposure in the workplace.
NOTE: THIS INFORMATION IS FOR REFERENCE PURPOSES ONLY!
At a basic level, when working in industrial environments, complying with safety standards and limiting exposure to nitroaniline is crucial. Organizations such as the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) provide guidance and safety principles to protect workers from the adverse effects of chemicals.
6. Measures to minimize the impact of Nitro Aniline on workers’ health
To minimize nitroaniline’s impact on workers, preventive and protective measures are essential.
First, ensure a well-ventilated workplace with effective ventilation systems to reduce airborne concentration of toxic substances.
Personal protective equipment such as gloves, masks, safety goggles, and protective clothing is necessary to prevent direct contact with nitroaniline.
Additionally, following safe work procedures, including training workers on risks and preventive measures, is crucial to minimize poisoning hazards.
Regular health checks for workers are also important to detect early signs of health impacts and enable timely interventions.
Occupational Safety Training: Workers should be trained and educated on the risks and safety measures when working with this chemical. Training should be provided periodically to ensure understanding and compliance with safety rules.
Periodic workplace environmental monitoring in factories to collect and analyze harmful factors, then adjust to reduce hazards and prevent occupational diseases.
7. National Workplace Environmental Monitoring Center
Nam Viet Workplace Environmental Monitoring Center is a professional unit monitoring and measuring workplace environmental quality across all provinces in Vietnam. With a team of experienced monitoring specialists, the center uses modern measurement equipment to ensure accuracy and reliability.
REGISTER FOR WORKPLACE ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SERVICE
Besides monitoring services, the center supports clients in planning, handling, and tracking workplace environmental issues. With the motto “customer-centered,” the center prioritizes customer satisfaction and commits to providing the best solutions for businesses.
With investments in technology, equipment, and human resources, Nam Viet’s monitoring center has become a reputable unit in workplace environmental monitoring in Ho Chi Minh City, aiming to:
- Value brand reputation and service quality.
- Provide clients with the best and most suitable solutions.
- Work with experienced Masters and Engineers committed to environmental protection and business benefits.
- With Nam Viet’s Environmental Monitoring team, your company will receive professional service from industry experts and the best cost advantages.
8. Workplace Environmental Monitoring Pricing
To help businesses conduct professional and effective workplace environmental monitoring, Nam Viet provides clients with detailed pricing of monitoring services at reasonable costs.
- Our price list provides detailed information on the costs of monitoring services, including transportation, measurement, analysis, and reporting. Clients can fully rely on the accuracy and reliability of our monitoring reports.
- We are committed to offering the most competitive and reasonable prices and are always ready to provide quick and professional consultation for any service inquiries.
- With Nam Viet’s monitoring price list, clients can easily choose services suitable for their needs. We ensure maximum client satisfaction with professional service quality.
