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Discover the Occupational Safety Document for Bauxite Ore Mining: Protecting the health and safety of employees. Learn about accident prevention measures, safety procedures, and advanced technologies to ensure a safe and sustainable working environment in this important industry.

Table of Contents

PART I: CURRENT STATE OF SAFETY IN THE BAUXITE ORE MINING INDUSTRY

I. General Situation

The Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs informs sectors and localities of the occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 and outlines key solutions to proactively prevent incidents and accidents in the last 6 months of 2024. According to reports from 61 out of 63 centrally governed provinces and cities, in the first 6 months of 2024, there were a total of 3,201 occupational accidents nationwide (a decrease of 227 cases, equivalent to 7.09% compared to the same period in 2023), resulting in 3,065 victims (a decrease of 197 people, equivalent to 6.04% compared to the first 6 months of 2023), including both employees under labor contracts and those working without labor contracts. Specifically:

Number of fatal occupational accidents: 320 cases, a decrease of 25 cases (7.25%) compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 245 cases in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 28 cases or 10.3%; and 75 cases in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 3 cases or 4.2% compared to the first 6 months of 2023);
Number of deaths due to occupational accidents: 346 people, a decrease of 7 people or 1.98% compared to the same period in 2023 (including 268 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 13 people or 4.63%; and 78 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 6 people or 8.33%).
Number of people seriously injured: 810 people, an increase of 26 people or 3.32% compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 710 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 5 people or 0.7%; and 100 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 31 people or 44.92%).

Download the PDF file Occupational Accident Report – First 6 Months of 2024 issued by the Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs.

The occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 in both sectors with and without labor relations saw a decrease in the number of deaths and fatal accidents compared to the same period in 2023.

II. Some Occupational Accidents in Bauxite Ore Mining Plants

In the bauxite ore mining industry, occupational accidents frequently occur and cause serious consequences for workers and the environment. Below are some notable accidents that have occurred in bauxite ore mining plants:

Mine collapses: In some cases, mine collapses are the cause of serious accidents. Collapses can be the result of unbalanced mining or a lack of environmental management.
Accidents with machinery and equipment: Bauxite mining plants often use large equipment and machinery to dig and transport ore. Accidents can occur due to technical failures, employee negligence, or unsafe machinery design.
Chemical explosions: The process of producing and processing bauxite ore often involves the use of chemicals and explosives. Incidents in the handling or storage of chemicals can cause explosions, resulting in serious injuries and environmental consequences.
Occupational accidents: Occupational accidents such as slips, falls, collisions, and injuries from falling materials are common causes of injury to workers in the plant.
Environmental pollution: Bauxite ore mining activities often cause environmental pollution through wastewater and gas emissions. Improper or uncontrolled disposal can cause serious consequences for the surrounding living environment and public health.

These accidents highlight the need to implement strict safety and environmental management measures in the bauxite ore mining industry to protect workers and the surrounding environment.

PART II: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH IN BAUXITE ORE MINING

I. Occupational safety and health for ore digging and mining personnel

1. Job characteristics of ore digging and mining

The digging and mining of bauxite ore from mines is a complex process that requires professionalism and care from miners. In this job, they often use special types of machinery and equipment such as excavators, loaders, and conveyor belts to perform important stages.

Excavators are used to extract ore from the top layer of soil or from underground. This work requires skill and experience to control the excavator accurately, avoiding damage to the environment and other equipment. Loaders are used to load ore onto transport vehicles such as trucks or conveyor belts.

This requires a high degree of precision and concentration to ensure the ore is transported to the processing areas efficiently. In addition, miners must also comply with safety and environmental management regulations to ensure that the operation is carried out safely and protects the surrounding environment.

2. Types of occupational accidents in the process of digging and mining ore

Accidents with machinery: The use of equipment and machinery such as excavators and loaders can lead to serious accidents if safety procedures are not followed. Accidents can include collisions, getting stuck, or sudden technical failures of the machinery.
Risk of landslides: During the digging process, there is a risk of landslides, especially when mining in areas with steep, unstable terrain. Landslides can cause serious injuries to miners and have severe environmental consequences.
Risk of falling materials from above: During the transportation of ore by conveyor belt or truck, there is a risk of materials falling from above, causing unfortunate accidents for miners on the ground.
Risk of chemical pollution: The processing and transportation of ore often involves the use of hazardous chemicals. Incidents in this process can lead to explosions or chemical leaks, endangering the health of miners and the environment.
Occupational accidents due to lack of concentration: Work in the ore mining environment often requires a high degree of concentration. A lack of concentration can lead to accidents such as slips, falls, collisions, or injuries from not following safe work procedures correctly.

3. Causes of occupational accidents when digging and mining ore

Lack of safety awareness: Accidents often occur when miners do not follow safety rules and procedures. A lack of awareness of occupational safety and the environment is a major cause of unwanted incidents.
Negligence and inexperience: New or inexperienced miners can easily have accidents due to negligence or not knowing how to handle dangerous situations.
Unsafe use of machinery: The use of special machinery and equipment such as excavators and loaders requires care and skill. Technical failures or unsafe operation of machinery can cause serious accidents.
Difficult terrain and harsh working conditions: Ore mines are often located in areas with hilly terrain or harsh climates. This creates difficult working conditions and can lead to unwanted accidents.
Ineffective management and supervision: A lack of strict management and supervision from the management is also a cause of occupational accidents. A lack of control and supervision can lead to carelessness in implementing safety procedures and cause unwanted accidents.

4. Preventive measures for occupational accidents when digging and mining ore

Occupational safety training: Provide full occupational safety training and education for all miners. The training should include hazard identification, how to use safety equipment, and safe work procedures.
Regular equipment inspection: Perform regular inspections and maintenance of machinery and equipment to ensure they operate safely and effectively.
Adherence to safety procedures: Ensure that all miners follow the correct safety procedures and instructions for operating machinery and equipment according to regulations.
Risk assessment and implementation of preventive measures: Conduct regular risk assessments and implement preventive measures to minimize the risk of occupational accidents, including the use of safety and personal protective measures.
Monitoring and evaluation: Conduct monitoring and evaluation of the effectiveness of the preventive measures and propose continuous improvements to enhance a safer working environment.

5. Occupational safety regulations for digging and mining ore

Training and education: All miners must be trained and educated on occupational safety before participating in the work. This training includes how to use safety equipment, hazard identification, and safe work procedures.
Use of personal protective equipment: Miners must adhere to the use of full personal protective equipment such as helmets, safety glasses, gloves, and steel-toed boots to protect against the risk of accidents and injuries.
Equipment safety inspection: Machinery and equipment need to be regularly inspected to ensure they are operating safely and effectively. If any incidents or breakdowns are detected, use must be stopped and repaired immediately.
Adherence to safety procedures: All miners must follow the correct safety procedures established for each specific job. This includes how to operate machinery, safe work procedures, and how to respond in case of an incident.
Incident reporting: Any incidents, accidents, or hazards must be reported immediately to management for timely handling and prevention of potential problems.

6. Handling emergency occupational accidents when digging and mining ore

Call for emergency services immediately: In the event of an accident, calling for or activating the rescue and emergency system immediately is the top priority. Ensure that the relevant authorities are notified and that help is requested.
Perform first aid: Trained personnel should perform first aid immediately to save lives and to keep the victim stable until the rescue team arrives. This may include basic first aid such as administering oxygen, cleaning wounds, and controlling bleeding.

– Classify and move the victim safely: If possible, it is necessary to move the victim out of the danger zone and to a safe place. In the event that the victim is trapped or cannot be moved, it is necessary to wait for the rescue team to arrive and to guide them to the specific location.

Preserve the accident scene: Ensure that the accident scene is preserved and not disturbed until the accident investigators arrive and complete the investigation process.

– Conduct an assessment and learn from experience: After the accident has been handled, a thorough assessment must be conducted to determine the cause and to learn from the experience to prevent similar accidents in the future.

II. Occupational safety and health for ore processing personnel

1. Job characteristics of ore processing

Crushing and grinding of ore: The ore is usually crushed and ground to reduce its size and create smaller particles, which facilitates the next processing steps. Equipment such as crushers and grinders are used to perform this work.
Chemical processing: After the ore has been crushed and ground, chemical processing methods are applied to separate the bauxite ore from other minerals. These methods may include the use of chemical solutions to separate the bauxite from other impurities in the ore.
Conducting complex reactions and processes: The chemical processing process may require the conduct of complex reactions and processes to achieve high efficiency and quality products. Miners need to have in-depth knowledge of chemical reactions and processing procedures to perform this work effectively and safely.

2. Types of occupational accidents in the ore processing process

Machinery accidents: The use of equipment such as crushers, grinders, and chemical processing equipment can lead to serious accidents if safety procedures are not followed and if regular maintenance is not performed on the equipment.
Chemical hazards: Chemical processing methods sometimes involve the use of hazardous chemicals. Incidents in the use or handling of chemicals can lead to accidents such as explosions or chemical leaks, endangering the health of miners and the environment.
Risk of collision and falls: In a work environment full of large and fast-moving equipment, the risk of collision and falls always exists. Moving around machinery and equipment during ore processing requires a high degree of care and concentration.
Risk of temperature and pressure: Some ore processing methods require special temperature and pressure conditions. Failure to comply with regulations and safety procedures can lead to accidents related to temperature and pressure.

3. Causes of occupational accidents when processing ore

Lack of training and education: Miners need to be fully trained and educated on occupational safety and ore processing procedures before participating in the work. A lack of adequate training and education can lead to negligence and the risk of accidents.
Non-compliance with safety procedures: Failure to follow the correct safety procedures when using machinery and equipment in the ore processing process can create conditions for accidents to occur. This may include not wearing full personal protective equipment or not using the equipment correctly.
Technical failures and improper maintenance: The equipment in the ore processing process needs to be regularly maintained and inspected to ensure it operates safely. Technical failures or improper maintenance can cause serious accidents.
Unsafe working conditions: The work environment in an ore processing plant can be full of unsafe conditions such as noise, dust, hazardous chemicals, and harsh operating conditions, creating a risk of accidents for miners.

4. Preventive measures for occupational accidents when processing ore

Ensure training and education: Provide full training and education on occupational safety and ore processing procedures for all miners. The training should include how to use safety equipment, hazard identification, and how to respond to emergency situations.
Regular inspection and maintenance of equipment: Perform regular inspection and maintenance of machinery and equipment to ensure they operate safely and effectively. Work environment monitoring should also be performed to assess and monitor the toxicity of environmental agents in the work process.
Adherence to safety procedures: Ensure that all miners follow the correct safety procedures and instructions for operating machinery and equipment according to regulations. At the same time, perform work environment monitoring to ensure a safe work environment for all employees.
Use of personal protective equipment: Provide and ensure the full use of personal protective equipment such as helmets, safety glasses, and masks to protect against the risk of accidents and the consequences of toxic agents.

5. Occupational safety regulations for ore processing

Training and education: All miners involved in the ore processing process need to be fully trained and educated on occupational safety and safe work procedures. The training includes how to use safety equipment, hazard identification, and how to respond to emergency situations.
Use of personal protective equipment: Miners must adhere to the use of full personal protective equipment such as helmets, safety glasses, and gloves to protect against the risk of accidents and the consequences of toxic agents.
Adherence to safety procedures: All miners must follow the correct safety procedures established for each specific job in the ore processing process. This includes how to operate machinery, safe work procedures, and how to respond in case of an incident.
Regular inspection and maintenance of equipment: The equipment and machinery need to be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure they operate safely and effectively.
Reporting and feedback on incidents: Any incidents, accidents, or hazards must be reported immediately to management for timely handling and prevention of potential problems.

6. Handling emergency occupational accidents when processing ore

Call for emergency services immediately: In the event of an accident, calling for or activating the rescue and emergency system immediately is the top priority. Ensure that the relevant authorities are notified and that help is requested.
Perform first aid: Trained personnel must perform first aid immediately to save lives and to keep the victim stable until the rescue team arrives. This may include basic first aid such as administering oxygen, cleaning wounds, and controlling bleeding.

Preserve the accident scene: Ensure that the accident scene is preserved and not disturbed until the accident investigators arrive and complete the investigation process.

III. Occupational safety and health for quality control personnel

1. Job characteristics of quality control

Inspection of the production process: Miners often have to inspect the production process during ore processing to ensure that every step is carried out according to the correct procedures and standards.
Quality inspection of intermediate products: After each processing stage, miners must inspect the quality of the ore to ensure that the intermediate product meets the requirements for purity, size, and chemical composition.
Final inspection: Before the product is shipped and delivered to the customer, miners need to perform a final inspection to ensure that the final product meets the quality standards and customer requirements.
Recording and reporting: The quality inspection results need to be recorded and reported in detail to monitor the production process and to ensure compliance with procedures and standards.

2. Types of occupational accidents in the quality control process

Chemical hazards: Contact with chemicals in the quality control process can pose a health risk to miners. Improper contact or not wearing personal protective equipment can lead to serious health problems.
Physical hazards: The equipment and machinery used in the quality control process can cause physical accidents such as collisions, crushing, or getting caught. Failure to follow safety procedures when working near equipment can create conditions for accidents to occur.
Hazards from equipment and machinery: Technical failures or improper maintenance of equipment and machinery in the quality control process can create a risk of accidents for miners.
Hazards from the work environment: The work environment in quality control rooms can be full of unsafe conditions such as noise, dust, and harsh pressure conditions, creating a risk of accidents for miners.

3. Causes of occupational accidents in quality control

Lack of training and understanding: Sometimes, miners are not fully trained on quality control procedures and do not have a clear understanding of the related risks and safety measures. A lack of knowledge and understanding can lead to unsafe actions when performing quality control.
Lack of personal protective equipment: The failure to use full personal protective equipment such as helmets, safety glasses, and masks can create a health risk for miners when in contact with hazardous chemicals or heavy equipment.
Equipment and machinery not working properly: If the equipment and machinery are not properly maintained and used, technical failures can occur, causing occupational accidents when performing the quality control process.
Work and time pressure: The pressure to complete work and tight deadlines can cause miners to overlook safety procedures and quality control, leading to accidents.
Unsafe work environment: The work environment in quality control rooms can cause hazards from noise, dust, and harsh pressure conditions, causing occupational accidents for miners.

4. Preventive measures for occupational accidents in quality control

Training and education: Provide full training on occupational safety and quality control procedures for miners, including how to use safety equipment and identify risks. Regular training helps to raise the safety awareness and skills of employees.
Use of personal protective equipment: Require all miners to use full personal protective equipment such as helmets, safety glasses, and masks to protect against the risk from chemicals and heavy equipment.
Inspection of equipment and machinery: Ensure that all equipment and machinery are regularly inspected and properly maintained to ensure they operate safely and effectively.
Adherence to safety procedures: Ensure that all safety procedures and regulations are strictly followed in the quality control process. Employees need to be guided and reminded to follow these procedures.
Risk assessment and improvement proposals: Conduct regular risk assessments and propose improvement measures to minimize the risk of occupational accidents in the quality control process.

5. Occupational safety regulations for quality control

Training and Education: All miners involved in quality control must be trained and educated on occupational safety procedures, the use of personal protective equipment, and hazard prevention measures. Take tests at occupational safety centers to obtain a labor safety certificate. From there, workers will have a clear understanding of safety knowledge as well as a valid certification for their work.
Use of Personal Protective Equipment: All workers must use full and proper personal protective equipment such as helmets, safety glasses, gloves, and masks to protect against hazards from chemicals, dust, and heavy equipment.
Inspection of Equipment and Machinery: Before use, the equipment and machinery must be inspected to ensure that they are working properly and safely. If there are any incidents or breakdowns, they should be reported and repaired immediately.
Adherence to Safety Procedures: All workers must adhere to the safety procedures and regulations for operating equipment, handling chemicals, and performing quality control carefully.
Reporting and Risk Assessment: Any incident or risk that arises in the quality control process must be reported and assessed to propose improvement measures and prevent recurrence.

6. Handling emergency occupational accidents in quality control

Protect Workers: Prioritize ensuring the safety and protection of all employees in the accident area. Move employees out of the danger zone and provide immediate first aid to those injured.
Report and Call for Rescue: As soon as an accident is detected, notify the management team immediately and call for rescue if necessary. Provide detailed and accurate information about the accident situation to help management and the rescue team to take appropriate action.
Classification and Triage: For serious accidents, it is necessary to classify and triage effectively to provide emergency medical care to the injured and to transport them to the nearest medical facility quickly and safely.
Inspection and Assessment of the Situation: After handling the accident, re-inspect the safety situation in the work area and assess the risks to ensure that there is no further risk of accidents.

IV. Occupational safety and health for equipment maintenance and repair personnel

1. Job characteristics of equipment maintenance and repair

Regular Maintenance: Perform regular maintenance schedules for the equipment to ensure that it operates stably and to avoid unwanted incidents.
Safety Inspection: Before use, conduct regular safety inspections on the machinery and equipment to ensure that they meet safety standards and do not pose a danger to employees.
Technical Repair: Perform technical repair measures when necessary, including replacing components, materials, or faulty parts to maintain the performance and safety of the equipment.
Monitoring and Reporting: Monitor the performance of the equipment after maintenance and repair, and report on any problems or incidents that arise to take timely corrective measures.
Upgrade and Improvement: Continuously evaluate and upgrade the equipment to improve performance and safety, by applying the latest technologies and methods in the industry.

2. Types of occupational accidents in the equipment maintenance and repair process

Physical Hazards: Injury from impact, crushing, or being caught under moving parts of machinery when performing repairs or maintenance.
Chemical Hazards: Contact with hazardous chemicals or grease during maintenance can cause health problems such as skin irritation, pneumonia, or headaches.
Electrical Hazards: Accidents from contact with electrical wires, electrical systems, or electrically operated machinery can cause serious electrical hazards.
Mechanical Hazards: The improper use of tools or equipment can lead to accidents such as cuts, punctures, or getting caught.
Explosion Hazards: The use of types of grease or chemicals can cause an explosion hazard when in contact with heat sources or sparks.

3. Causes of occupational accidents when maintaining and repairing equipment

Lack of Training and Knowledge: Miners may not be fully trained on how to use equipment or on safety measures when performing maintenance and repairs, leading to dangerous situations.
Old and Unsafe Equipment: The use of old or improperly maintained equipment can cause unwanted incidents, such as grease leaks, technical failures, or unexpected breakdowns.
Unsafe Procedures: Maintenance and repair procedures that are not designed or performed safely can create accident risks, such as not ensuring a safe machine lockout before starting repairs.
Lack of Care and Risk Management: A lack of care and not properly assessing risks can lead to overlooking preventive measures, increasing the risk of accidents.
Harsh Weather and Environment: Harsh weather conditions or an unsafe work environment can also increase the risk of accidents during maintenance and repair.

4. Preventive measures for occupational accidents when maintaining and repairing equipment

Training and Education: Provide full training on occupational safety procedures and the use of equipment for all miners involved in maintenance and repair work. Ensure they have a clear understanding of the potential hazards and preventive measures. Complete occupational safety training to be issued a group 3 labor safety card by the occupational safety training center to properly complete work records.
Use of Protective Equipment: Ensure that all employees use full personal protective equipment (including helmets, safety glasses, gloves, and reflective vests) when performing maintenance and repair work.
Safety Inspection Before Each Job: Before starting any job, conduct a safety inspection on the equipment and machinery to ensure that they are working properly and there are no concerning issues.
Adherence to Safety Procedures: Follow the safety procedures and manufacturer’s instructions for the use and maintenance of the equipment, including performing regular inspections and periodic maintenance.
Monitoring and Reporting of Incidents: Monitor and report any incidents or safety issues related to the equipment immediately so that timely corrective measures can be taken and potential accidents can be prevented.

5. Occupational safety regulations for equipment maintenance and repair

Training and Education: All employees involved in maintenance and repair work must be fully trained on occupational safety procedures and the use of equipment. Ensure that they have a clear understanding of the potential hazards and preventive measures.
Use of Protective Equipment: It is necessary to ensure that all employees use full personal protective equipment (including helmets, safety glasses, gloves, and reflective vests) when performing maintenance and repair work.
Safety Inspection Before Each Job: Before starting any job, a safety inspection should be conducted on the equipment and machinery to ensure that they are working properly and there are no concerning issues.
Adherence to Safety Procedures: The safety procedures and manufacturer’s instructions for the use and maintenance of the equipment must be followed, including performing regular inspections and periodic maintenance.
Monitoring and Reporting of Incidents: It is necessary to monitor and report any incidents or safety issues related to the equipment immediately so that timely corrective measures can be taken and potential accidents can be prevented.

6. Handling emergency occupational accidents when maintaining and repairing equipment

Call for an Ambulance and Report the Incident: As soon as an accident occurs, the worker should call for an ambulance and report the incident to the manager and the plant’s safety department to receive timely support and assistance.
Provide Immediate First Aid: Trained personnel should provide first aid to the victim immediately, following first aid procedures and providing necessary care to the victim.
Classify Hazardous Areas: The worker should classify and issue a warning about the hazardous area to prevent potential hazards and to protect others from further accidents.
Protect the Accident Scene: Protect the accident scene by preventing access by unrelated persons and preserving evidence to support the later investigation process.
Cooperate with the Authorities: The miners need to cooperate closely with the authorities during the investigation process to determine the cause and to propose future preventive measures.