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The occupational safety document for operating a concrete mixer provides detailed instructions and safety procedures for employees working with concrete mixers. This document focuses on ensuring occupational safety, minimizing accident risks, and protecting the health of employees during the operation of a concrete mixer.

Table of Contents

PART I: CURRENT STATE OF SAFETY FOR WORK RELATED TO CONCRETE MIXER MACHINES

I. General Situation

The Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs informs sectors and localities of the occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 and outlines key solutions to proactively prevent incidents and accidents in the last 6 months of 2024. According to reports from 61 out of 63 centrally governed provinces and cities, in the first 6 months of 2024, there were a total of 3,201 occupational accidents nationwide (a decrease of 227 cases, equivalent to 7.09% compared to the same period in 2023), resulting in 3,065 victims (a decrease of 197 people, equivalent to 6.04% compared to the first 6 months of 2023), including both employees under labor contracts and those working without labor contracts. Specifically:

Number of fatal occupational accidents: 320 cases, a decrease of 25 cases (7.25%) compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 245 cases in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 28 cases or 10.3%; and 75 cases in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 3 cases or 4.2% compared to the first 6 months of 2023);
Number of deaths due to occupational accidents: 346 people, a decrease of 7 people or 1.98% compared to the same period in 2023 (including 268 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 13 people or 4.63%; and 78 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 6 people or 8.33%).
Number of people seriously injured: 810 people, an increase of 26 people or 3.32% compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 710 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 5 people or 0.7%; and 100 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 31 people or 44.92%).

Download the PDF file Occupational Accident Report – First 6 Months of 2024 issued by the Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs.

The occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 in both sectors with and without labor relations saw a decrease in the number of deaths and fatal accidents compared to the same period in 2023.

II. Some occupational accidents when operating a concrete mixer machine

When performing tasks related to the operation of a concrete mixer, adhering to safety regulations and instructions is extremely important to ensure the protection of employees and the work environment. Below are some basic and important guidelines to ensure occupational safety during the operation of a concrete mixer:

Training and Certification: Everyone involved in operating a concrete mixer should be trained on how to use the machine, safety, and hazard prevention measures. They should also have the appropriate certification for their job.
Pre-use Machine Inspection: Before starting to operate a concrete mixer, the user should thoroughly check all parts and equipment to ensure they are functioning correctly and there are no safety issues.
Use of Protective Equipment: Employees should always ensure they use full protective equipment such as helmets, safety glasses, gloves, and safety shoes to protect themselves from concerning risks.
Avoid Sunlight and Bad Weather: When operating a concrete mixer outdoors, employees should be careful to avoid excessive tropical sunlight and bad weather conditions such as rain or snow.
Limit Contact with Toxic Substances: Avoid direct contact with toxic chemicals during the operation and maintenance of a concrete mixer. Always use appropriate protective gear when necessary.
Follow the Manufacturer’s User Guide: Always follow the use and maintenance instructions from the manufacturer to ensure the concrete mixer operates effectively and safely.
Regular Machine Inspection and Maintenance: Perform regular inspections and periodic maintenance on the concrete mixer to ensure that it always operates stably and safely.
Proper Use of Lifting Equipment: When it is necessary to move or lift a concrete mixer, always use appropriate lifting equipment and adhere to safety regulations.
Restrict Access by Non-Professionals: Avoid letting untrained individuals, especially children, access or come into contact with the concrete mixer.
Report Incidents and Hazards: Any incidents or hazards that arise during the operation of the concrete mixer should be reported and handled promptly.

Adherence to occupational safety guidelines is an indispensable part of operating a concrete mixer to ensure a safe and highly productive work environment.

PART II: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH WHEN OPERATING A CONCRETE MIXER MACHINE

I. Introduction

A. Overview of the importance of occupational safety when operating a concrete mixer machine

Occupational safety during the operation of a concrete mixer is an indispensable part of an effective and sustainable work environment. Adhering to safety regulations and measures not only protects the health and lives of employees but also minimizes the risk of accidents and injuries. This is particularly important in a work environment that requires concentration and control, such as operating a concrete mixer.

When operating a concrete mixer, the risk of accidents can arise from many sources, including collisions, slips, or contact with the moving parts of the machine. The proper use of protective equipment such as helmets, safety glasses, and safety shoes is necessary to minimize the risks from these factors.

In addition, training employees on how to use a concrete mixer, how to recognize and respond to dangerous situations, and performing regular inspections and maintenance on the machine are important measures to help ensure safety during work.

B. Important safety protocols and regulations when operating a concrete mixer machine

During the operation of a concrete mixer, adhering to safety protocols and regulations is extremely important to ensure the protection of employees and the work environment. These protocols and regulations often include the proper use of protective equipment, ensuring the machine is regularly maintained, and inspected before use.

Before starting to operate a concrete mixer, employees must be trained on how to use the machine safely, recognize potential hazards, and know how to respond to dangerous situations. They also need to know how to use protective equipment such as helmets, safety glasses, gloves, and safety shoes correctly to protect themselves from risks.

Besides that, performing regular maintenance and pre-use inspections of the concrete mixer is an indispensable part of the safety regulations. This includes checking the basic parts of the machine to ensure they are functioning correctly and show no signs of damage or injury.

II. Components and Functions of a Concrete Mixer Machine

A. The different components of a concrete mixer machine

A concrete mixer is a complex piece of equipment designed to mix concrete components uniformly and efficiently. The different components of this machine typically include:

Mixing Drum: This is the main part of the concrete mixer, where the concrete components are put in and mixed together. The mixing drum is usually made of high-strength steel to withstand the pressure and impact forces during operation.
Mixing Paddles: The mixing paddles are an important part inside the mixing drum, helping to mix the concrete components uniformly. The mixing paddles can have mixing blades or knives to create a rotating motion and push the concrete components towards the center of the mixing drum.
Engine: The engine is the component that provides the power to operate the concrete mixer. The engine is usually controlled by electricity or a fuel-burning engine, depending on the type of mixer and the specific requirements of the application.
Drivetrain: The drivetrain is the part responsible for transmitting power from the engine to the mixing paddles and other parts of the concrete mixer. The drivetrain usually includes a gearbox and other parts to adjust the speed and torque.
Control System: The control system is the part that manages and regulates the operation of the concrete mixer. This system may include switches, a control panel, and sensors to ensure that the machine operates correctly and safely.

B. Structure and operating principle of a concrete mixer machine

A concrete mixer usually has a simple but extremely effective structure for mixing concrete components uniformly. The main structure of a concrete mixer includes the mixing drum, mixing paddles, engine, and drivetrain.

The mixing drum is the main part of the machine, where the concrete components are put in and mixed together. Inside the mixing drum, there are mixing paddles with mixing blades or knives to create a rotating motion and push the concrete components towards the center of the mixing drum.

The engine provides the power to operate the concrete mixer. The engine is usually controlled by electricity or a fuel-burning engine, depending on the specific requirements of the application.

The drivetrain is responsible for transmitting power from the engine to the mixing paddles and other parts of the machine. The drivetrain usually includes a gearbox and other parts to adjust the speed and torque.

C. Applications of the concrete mixer machine in the construction industry

Concrete mixers play an important role in the construction industry with a variety of applications. In construction projects, concrete mixers are often used to produce fresh concrete, asphalt concrete, and natural concrete.

In the construction of civil works such as houses, apartment buildings, or industrial works such as factories, concrete mixers are used to produce fresh concrete for the construction of columns, floors, foundations, and other structures. By using a concrete mixer, contractors and construction companies can ensure the quality and uniformity of the concrete, helping to increase the load-bearing capacity and durability of the structure.

In addition, concrete mixers are also widely used in the construction of highways, bridges, culverts, and other transportation works. The concrete produced by the mixer can be used to build road surfaces, foundation layers, and other structures in the transportation infrastructure, ensuring the uniformity and quality of the road.

D. Risks associated with operating a concrete mixer machine

Operating a concrete mixer not only brings benefits but also poses some notable risks and dangers. One of the most common risks is occupational accidents due to collisions or slips during work with the mixer. The moving parts of the machine, such as the mixing paddles, can be dangerous if not managed and used correctly.

In addition, exposure to the chemical components during the concrete mixing process can also be harmful to the operator’s health if appropriate protective equipment is not used. Chemicals such as cement can cause skin and respiratory irritation with prolonged contact or if personal hygiene is not maintained.

Furthermore, operating a concrete mixer in bad weather conditions such as rain, snow, or strong winds also increases the risk of accidents and reduces the machine’s work efficiency. This can lead to the production of non-uniform concrete or concrete that does not meet the desired quality.

To minimize the risks associated with operating a concrete mixer, it is essential to fully implement safety measures such as employee training, use of protective equipment, regular machine maintenance, and adherence to the manufacturer’s safety instructions.

III. Safety Inspection and Maintenance Before Operating a Concrete Mixer Machine

A. Safety check before operating a concrete mixer machine

Before starting to operate a concrete mixer, performing a safety check is an important step to help ensure that the machine is operating correctly and safely for the operator. This check includes inspecting both the basic parts of the machine and the surrounding work environment.

First, the operator needs to check all the parts of the concrete mixer, including the mixing drum, mixing paddles, engine, and drivetrain, to ensure they are not damaged or have any injuries. Any signs of damage or injury need to be repaired or replaced before using the machine.

Next, the operator needs to check the work environment conditions such as weather, work surface, and the position of the concrete mixer. Ensure that the work environment is safe and suitable for operating the machine, and that there is no risk of danger to employees or machinery.

Finally, the operator needs to check personal protective equipment such as helmets, safety glasses, and gloves, to ensure that they are protected from risks during work.

B. Guide to periodic maintenance of a concrete mixer machine

Check the Drivetrain System: Check and lubricate the parts of the drivetrain system such as the gearbox, shafts, and bearings. Ensure that they are operating smoothly and show no signs of wear or damage.
Check the Mixing Paddle Components: Check and clean the parts of the mixing paddles such as the mixing blades or knives. If there are signs of wear or damage, they must be replaced to ensure the concrete mixing process is effective.
Check the Electrical System and Indicator Lights: Check the electrical system and indicator lights on the machine to ensure that they are working correctly and show no signs of damage. Replace any burnt-out bulbs or repair other electrical issues if necessary.
Regular Cleaning and Maintenance: Clean the concrete mixer after each use and perform periodic maintenance tasks such as changing the oil, cleaning the filter, and checking other elements of the machine.
Check the Brake System: Check and control the brake system of the concrete mixer to ensure safety during operation and to stop safely when necessary.

IV. Safe Operating Procedure for a Concrete Mixer Machine

A. Step-by-step guide on the safe operating procedure for a concrete mixer machine

Pre-operation Preparation: Ensure that the work environment has been inspected for safety and the concrete mixer has been checked before operation. Make sure that all personal protective equipment has been worn correctly and is ready for work.
Pre-use Machine Inspection: Check all parts of the concrete mixer to ensure that they are functioning normally and show no signs of damage. Pay special attention to checking the drivetrain and brake system.
Adding Concrete Materials: Add concrete materials to the mixing drum according to the specified ratio. Ensure that the materials have been measured accurately and added to the mixing drum carefully to avoid any errors.
Operating the Mixer: Start the concrete mixer according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Monitor the concrete mixing process to ensure that it is proceeding uniformly and effectively.
Ending Operation: When the mixing process is complete, turn off the concrete mixer and wait for all moving parts to stop completely before continuing with other work.
Cleaning and Maintenance: After operation, clean the concrete mixer and perform the necessary maintenance tasks to ensure that the machine is always in the best and safest operating condition.

B. Emergency response measures and incident response mechanisms when operating a concrete mixer machine

Stop the Machine Immediately: If any signs of an incident or danger are detected, the operator should stop the concrete mixer immediately to prevent the situation from worsening.
Sound the Alarm: Use a warning mechanism such as a horn or turn on the warning lights to notify those around about the emergency situation.
Troubleshoot and Repair: Take basic troubleshooting and repair measures if possible to resolve the incident quickly. Ensure that only trained and experienced individuals perform these repair tasks.
Contact the Manager: In serious or unmanageable cases, the operator should contact the manager or the technical department for support and specific guidance.
Prepare a Report and Learn: After handling the incident, prepare a detailed report on the incident and the measures taken. Use this report to learn from and improve the procedures and safety measures in the future.

V. Risk Assessment and Hazard Management When Operating a Concrete Mixer Machine

A. Identifying potential risks and hazards in operating a concrete mixer machine

Occupational Accidents: Occupational accidents such as collisions, slips, or being crushed can occur if safety rules are not followed when operating the mixer.
Exposure to Toxic Chemicals: The operator may be exposed to toxic chemicals such as cement and other mixing chemicals, causing skin and respiratory irritation if appropriate protective equipment is not used.
Risk of Machine Failure: The concrete mixer may experience technical problems such as engine failure, gearbox failure, or a sudden power outage, posing a risk to the operator and a loss to the job.
Risk of Fire or Explosion: The combination of electricity and flammable substances during operation can create a risk of fire or explosion if appropriate safety measures are not followed.
Environmental Risks: The concrete mixing process can create noise and dust pollution, affecting the work environment and the health of employees.

B. Effective hazard prevention strategies when operating a concrete mixer machine

1. Regular inspection and maintenance of the concrete mixer machine for safe operation

Check Basic Components: Check all basic components of the concrete mixer such as the mixing drum, mixing paddles, engine, and drivetrain. Ensure that they are not damaged or have any injuries and are functioning normally.
Maintain the Drivetrain System: Perform periodic maintenance on the drivetrain system, including checking and lubricating parts such as the gearbox, shafts, and bearings to ensure they operate smoothly and do not cause unwanted friction.
Safety Check: Ensure that all safety features such as the brake lever, safety warnings, and safety locks are working correctly.
Regular Cleaning and Maintenance: Clean the concrete mixer after each use and perform maintenance tasks such as changing the oil, cleaning the filter, and checking other elements of the machine.
Monitor Performance: Monitor the performance of the concrete mixer after each use and plan for maintenance or repair measures if necessary.

2. Adhere to occupational safety regulations for the safe operation of a concrete mixer machine

Training and Instruction: Ensure that all employees involved in operating the concrete mixer are fully trained and instructed on safe operating procedures and accident prevention measures.
Use of Personal Protective Equipment: Require all employees to use full and correct personal protective equipment such as helmets, safety glasses, and gloves throughout the operation.
Follow the Manufacturer’s User Guide: Adhere to the use and maintenance instructions provided by the manufacturer to ensure the concrete mixer is operated in the safest and most effective manner.
Pre-use Safety Check: Perform a safety check before each use to ensure that the mixer and the work environment are both safe.
Report Incidents and Suggest Improvements: Encourage employees to report all incidents and suggest improvements to enhance the operating procedures and occupational safety.

3. Identify and mark a safe zone when operating a concrete mixer machine

Identify the Safe Zone: Identify the safe zones around the concrete mixer, including the area that employees are not allowed to access while the machine is in operation.
Mark the Safety Boundary: Use signs, lines, or other marking measures to clearly indicate the boundary of the safe zone. This helps employees to know where they should not approach to avoid the risk of accidents.
Guidance and Training: Provide guidance and training to employees about the safe zone and the importance of adhering to the safety boundary. Ensure that all employees understand and comply with this rule.
Periodic Checks: Perform periodic checks to ensure that the signs and marking measures for the safe zone are still clear and easy to recognize.

4. Use personal protective equipment when operating a concrete mixer machine

Helmet: A helmet provides protection for the head and brain in case of falling heavy objects or collisions.
Safety Glasses: Safety glasses help to protect the eyes from crushed materials, dust, and chemicals during operation.
Protective Gloves: Protective gloves help to protect the hands from cuts, abrasions, and contact with toxic chemicals.
Protective Clothing: Protective clothing helps to protect the body from crushed materials and chemicals, while also minimizing the risk of injury.
Safety Shoes: Safety shoes provide protection for the feet from crushed materials and chemicals, as well as helping to maintain a grip on slippery surfaces.

5. Emergency procedures and response in case of an incident when operating a concrete mixer machine

Stop the Machine Immediately: In the event that an incident is detected, the operator should stop the concrete mixer immediately to prevent the situation from worsening.
Report the Incident: Report the incident to the manager or the technical department to receive support and specific guidance.
Take Quick Repair Measures: If possible, the operator can take basic repair measures to resolve the incident quickly and ensure everyone’s safety.
Implement Temporary Safety Measures: In the event that the incident cannot be resolved immediately, implement temporary safety measures such as marking the danger zone or warning surrounding employees.
Prepare a Report and Suggest Improvements: After the incident has been handled, prepare a detailed report on the incident and the measures taken. Suggest improvements to enhance the procedures and prevent the incident from recurring in the future.

6. Participate in occupational safety courses when operating a concrete mixer machine

Occupational safety and health training is not only a legal requirement but also a commitment to the safety and health of workers. It helps employees recognize and deal with risks and hazardous situations, thereby reducing accidents, injuries, or fatalities in daily work.

The risk of accidents is always present and can happen at any time in the work environment due to the possibility of human error and the inability to anticipate every situation. This emphasizes the need for continuous Occupational Safety Training and vigilance.

When participating in occupational safety training at Nam Viet Safety Training Center, workers will be thoroughly trained from theory to practical risk scenarios. Accordingly, there will be measures to identify and prevent occupational accident risks that may occur during work. After the training course, trainees will take occupational safety tests to obtain an occupational safety certificate. From there, workers will have a clear understanding of safety knowledge as well as a valid certification for work.

VI. Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến an toàn lao động khi vận hành máy trộn bê tông (concrete mixer machine)

A. How do weather conditions affect the operation of a concrete mixer machine?

Temperature: High temperatures can increase the setting speed of concrete, reducing the working time and flexibility of the concrete. Meanwhile, low temperatures can slow down the setting process, especially in winter, when insulation methods for the concrete and the mixer are needed.
Rain and Wetness: Rain can wet the concrete surface and reduce the adhesion between concrete layers, causing problems for the mixing and transportation process. In addition, rain can also be dangerous by making work surfaces slippery.
Strong Winds: Strong winds can cause safety problems in transporting and working near large machinery like a concrete mixer. It can also affect the concrete mixing process and reduce the quality of the work.
Sunlight: Sunlight can increase the temperature of the concrete surface, causing a faster setting process. However, consideration should be given to protecting the concrete surface from direct sunlight to avoid drying too quickly and reducing the surface quality.

B. How does the work environment affect the operation of a concrete mixer machine?

Humidity: The humidity level in the work environment can affect the mixing and setting process of concrete. High humidity can slow down the setting process, while low humidity can reduce the flexibility of the concrete.
Dust and Pollution: The presence of dust and pollutants in the work environment can cause problems for the mixing process and reduce the quality of the concrete. It can also affect the health of employees and needs to be managed and controlled carefully.
Temperature: The temperature of the work environment can affect the setting time of the concrete and the operating efficiency of the mixer. In particular, high temperatures can increase the setting speed of the concrete and require faster work to avoid drying out too quickly.
Light and Illumination: The level of light and illumination in the work environment can affect the awareness and safety of employees when operating the mixer. Ensure that the work environment is sufficiently lit to minimize the risk of accidents.

C. How does the technical condition of a concrete mixer machine affect its operation?

Machine Reliability: A concrete mixer needs to be regularly maintained and serviced to ensure its reliability. If the machine experiences a technical failure, the operation may be interrupted and cause unwanted delays.
Mixing Quality: The condition of the mixing parts such as the mixing blades and mixing shaft directly affects the quality of the final concrete. If these parts are worn or damaged, it can lead to the production of non-uniform or substandard concrete.
Operating Efficiency: The condition of the engine, gearbox, and other parts of the concrete mixer affects the machine’s operating efficiency. If the machine is not operating stably, it can lead to incidents and reduce work efficiency.
Occupational Safety: A concrete mixer needs to be inspected to ensure that all safety features such as the safety door, sensors, and brake system are working correctly. The technical condition of the mixer directly affects the safety level of the operating process.

D. How do the safety knowledge and skills of the worker affect the operation of a concrete mixer machine?

Understanding of the Operating Procedure: Workers need to have a clear understanding of the operating procedure for a concrete mixer, including how to use it, safety measures, and related regulations. A deep understanding of the mixer helps them to detect and resolve technical issues quickly and accurately.
Skills in Managing Hazardous Situations: During operation, hazardous situations such as chemical leaks, machine collisions, or loss of control of the machine may occur. Safety knowledge and skills in managing hazardous situations help workers to respond confidently and effectively when faced with unexpected problems.
Quick Reaction Thinking: In a high-risk work environment like operating a concrete mixer, the ability to react quickly is essential. Workers need to be trained to recognize and respond quickly to emergency situations and incidents.

VII. Occupational Safety Training on Skills for Safe Operation of a Concrete Mixer Machine

A. Why do operators of concrete mixer machines need to be trained in occupational safety?

Protecting Health and Safety: Occupational safety training helps operators to understand and recognize the potential risks and impacts of operating a concrete mixer. This helps them to apply preventive measures and ensure the safety of themselves and those working around them.
Reducing the Risk of Accidents and Incidents: A person trained in occupational safety can recognize and avoid dangerous and potential situations during the operation of a concrete mixer. This reduces the risk of accidents and incidents, protecting both them and other workers.
Increasing Efficiency and Effectiveness: An operator trained in occupational safety is often able to work more effectively and increase work efficiency. They know how to use the mixer correctly and safely, which helps to save time and resources.
Complying with Legal Regulations: Occupational safety training helps to ensure that the operator complies with the legal regulations related to occupational safety and environmental protection. This helps to avoid potential legal and financial consequences.

B. Where to get occupational safety training for operating a concrete mixer machine?

An Toan Nam Viet is a reputable and high-quality occupational safety training center in Vietnam today. With occupational safety training sessions held continuously at production workshops, factories, or construction sites across the country (63 provinces in Vietnam).

To ensure the effectiveness of the training, An Toan Nam Viet prepares carefully and meticulously, down to the smallest detail. From preparing tools, equipment, teaching aids to curriculum, materials, sound, and lighting.

The occupational safety training instructors at An Toan Nam Viet are experts with many years of experience in the field. They even have research projects identifying hazards in all industries and how to prevent them.

The instructor’s lectures are drawn from practice and conveyed in the most vivid and easy-to-understand way to the workers. These factors help workers feel comfortable during the learning process and absorb the teaching knowledge well. Of course, the knowledge conveyed always adheres to Decree 44/2016/ND-CP. From there, they will grasp many measures to prevent hazards and how to protect themselves. At the same time, they will also apply it most appropriately in their actual work.

VIII. The Significance of Occupational Safety in Operating a Concrete Mixer Machine

A. The importance of maintaining occupational safety in the operation of a concrete mixer machine

Protecting the Health and Safety of Workers: Occupational safety is a top priority, and maintaining safety in the operation of a concrete mixer helps to protect the health and lives of workers. The risk of accidents and injuries can be significantly reduced if safety measures are applied correctly.
Minimizing Incidents and Irregularities: Maintaining occupational safety also helps to minimize incidents and irregularities during the operation of a concrete mixer. Preventive and risk control measures can help to avoid technical problems and keep the work process running smoothly.
Increasing Efficiency and Flexibility: When the work environment is kept safe, workers can work more confidently and focus more on their work. This can lead to increased efficiency and flexibility in the operation of the concrete mixer.
Meeting Legal Regulations: Maintaining occupational safety is not only a moral responsibility but also a legal obligation. Complying with safety rules and regulations helps to avoid unwanted legal and financial consequences.

B. Important safety measures to know before operating a concrete mixer machine

Ensure Proper Workwear and Personal Protection: Before starting to operate the mixer, workers must ensure they are wearing the correct workwear and personal protective equipment such as helmets, safety glasses, gloves, and safety shoes to protect their bodies from potential hazards.
Inspect the Machine Before Each Use: Before starting the mixer, the operator should thoroughly inspect all parts of the machine, including the electrical system, mixing system, and other components to ensure they are operating safely and effectively.
Adhere to Usage Rules: The operator must adhere to all rules and usage instructions from the manufacturer. This includes how to use the machine, load limits, and specific safety measures.
Use Caution and Control Speed: During operation, the machine must be used carefully and the speed of the mixing shaft must be controlled to avoid dangerous situations and loss of control of the machine.

Participate in an occupational safety training class: Complete the occupational safety training course to be issued an occupational safety card by the occupational safety training center to properly supplement your work records.