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The occupational safety document for operating a crawler crane provides comprehensive guidance on the necessary safety measures when controlling and using a crawler crane. This document provides detailed information on operating procedures, inspection and maintenance, as well as accident prevention measures to ensure safety and high efficiency when working with this type of crane.

Table of Contents

PART I: CURRENT STATUS OF SAFETY WORK RELATED TO CRAWLER CRANES

I. General Situation

The Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs informs sectors and localities of the occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 and outlines key solutions to proactively prevent incidents and accidents in the last 6 months of 2024. According to reports from 61 out of 63 centrally governed provinces and cities, in the first 6 months of 2024, there were a total of 3,201 occupational accidents nationwide (a decrease of 227 cases, equivalent to 7.09% compared to the same period in 2023), resulting in 3,065 victims (a decrease of 197 people, equivalent to 6.04% compared to the first 6 months of 2023), including both employees under labor contracts and those working without labor contracts. Specifically:

Number of fatal occupational accidents: 320 cases, a decrease of 25 cases (7.25%) compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 245 cases in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 28 cases or 10.3%; and 75 cases in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 3 cases or 4.2% compared to the first 6 months of 2023);
Number of deaths due to occupational accidents: 346 people, a decrease of 7 people or 1.98% compared to the same period in 2023 (including 268 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 13 people or 4.63%; and 78 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 6 people or 8.33%).
Number of people seriously injured: 810 people, an increase of 26 people or 3.32% compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 710 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 5 people or 0.7%; and 100 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 31 people or 44.92%).

Download the PDF file Occupational Accident Report – First 6 Months of 2024 issued by the Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs.

The occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 in both sectors with and without labor relations saw a decrease in the number of deaths and fatal accidents compared to the same period in 2023.

II. Some Occupational Accidents While Operating a Crawler Crane

A crawler crane is an important lifting device in the construction and industrial sectors. However, the operation and use of a crawler crane also pose many risks of occupational accidents if safety regulations and operating procedures are not followed. Below are some common occupational accidents related to the operation of a crawler crane:

Falling heavy objects from above: One of the main risks when operating a crawler crane is the falling of heavy objects from above. If safety measures such as checking and ensuring the stability of the lifted object, and regular inspection and maintenance of the lifting and locking systems are not performed, a situation where a heavy object falls from above can occur, endangering employees on the ground.
Loss of crane control: When a crawler crane is not controlled and operated correctly, there is a risk of losing control of the crane. This can happen due to many reasons such as technical failure, errors during operation, or lack of experience of the operator.
Collision with structures or other equipment: During movement or operation, a crawler crane can collide with surrounding structures or other equipment on the construction site. This not only causes property damage but can also cause injury to employees or those around them.
Crane collapse: When operated improperly or without complying with safety regulations, there is a risk of crane collapse. This can happen due to many reasons such as unstable terrain, a load exceeding the crane’s capacity, or a technical failure.
Accidents during maintenance and repair: During the maintenance and repair of a crawler crane, employees also face many accident risks such as getting caught in mechanical parts, being hit by a technical failure, or slipping and falling when working at heights.

To minimize the risk of occupational accidents when operating a crawler crane, compliance with safety regulations, training and instruction for employees, and regular inspection and maintenance of the equipment are very important. At the same time, implementing preventive measures and ensuring proactivity during operation also play an important role in ensuring the safety of everyone on the construction site.

PART II: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH WHEN OPERATING A CRAWLER CRANE

I. Introduction

A. Overview of the importance of occupational safety when operating a crawler crane

Occupational safety when operating a crawler crane is an extremely important factor in the construction and industrial sectors. Adhering to safety regulations and operating procedures not only protects the health and lives of employees but also minimizes property damage and increases work efficiency.

First and foremost, occupational safety ensures the safety of employees involved in the operation of the crawler crane. Safety measures such as training and instruction for the operator, regular inspection and maintenance of the equipment, as well as adherence to operating procedures help to minimize the risk of occupational accidents and injuries to employees.

In addition, occupational safety also ensures the stability and efficiency of the construction project. Adhering to safety regulations helps to avoid unwanted incidents such as falling heavy objects, loss of crane control, collision with surrounding structures, or crane collapse, thereby minimizing property damage and work time.

B. Important safety protocols and regulations when operating a crawler crane

Adhering to safety protocols and regulations is extremely important when operating a crawler crane. First of all, the operator needs to be fully trained and instructed on how to operate and use the safety equipment. This includes a thorough understanding of the features and operation of the crane, as well as knowing how to react in emergency situations.

In addition, regular inspection and maintenance of the crane is an indispensable part of the safety process. Parts such as the lifting system, steering system, and locking system need to be thoroughly checked to ensure safe and stable operation.

Regulations on load capacity are also very important to ensure that the crane is only used below the safe load limit. Exceeding the load capacity can lead to loss of crane control or collapse, endangering employees and property.

II. Components and Functions of a Crawler Crane

A. The different components of a crawler crane

A crawler crane consists of many important components that have a special role in the operation and lifting process. One of the main components of the crane is the crawler track system, which provides flexible movement on all terrains. In addition, the crane system, including the main boom and the auxiliary jib, is the component responsible for lifting and transporting materials.

The steering and control system of the crawler crane is very important so that the operator can adjust and control the vehicle accurately. The steering system provides the ability to control the direction of movement, while the control system includes parts such as the control console and control panel, which help the operator manage the vehicle’s operation.

Other components of the crawler crane include the load system, suspension system, and lifting mechanism. The load system helps to determine and control the safe load for lifting, while the suspension system helps to keep the crane stable on all terrains. The lifting mechanism includes parts such as the winch and lifting hook, which play a decisive role in the ability to lift and move materials.

B. Structure and operating principle of a crawler crane

A crawler crane is a flexible and powerful lifting device in the construction and industrial sectors. The structure of the crane includes a sturdy crawler track system, which helps it to move flexibly and stably on all types of terrain. Above the crawler track system is where the crane is located, including the main boom and the auxiliary jib, which are designed to lift and transport materials.

The operating principle of a crawler crane is based on the combination of mechanical and electronic systems. When activated, the crane’s engine will provide the power to move the crawler tracks and operate the crane. The steering and control system helps the operator to accurately adjust the direction of movement and the operation of the crane.

The lifting system of the crane includes the lifting mechanism and the suspension system, which helps to lift materials safely and stably. The lifting mechanism uses a winch and lifting hook to raise and lower materials, while the suspension system keeps the crane stable on all terrains.

C. Applications in the construction industry of a crawler crane

A crawler crane is one of the indispensable tools in the construction industry. With its flexible mobility on all types of terrain and its ability to lift heavy materials, the crawler crane is widely used in many construction jobs.

In high-rise construction projects, crawler cranes are used to lift materials such as steel, concrete, and glass. The crane’s flexible mobility on all types of terrain makes it easy and time-saving to transport materials from the production site to the construction site.

In bridge and road construction projects, crawler cranes are often used to install and move structures such as columns, beams, and pipes. The crane’s large and reliable lifting capacity makes the construction of bridge and road projects more efficient and safer.

In addition, crawler cranes are also used in civil engineering projects such as the installation of lighting systems, HVAC equipment, and building maintenance work.

D. Risks associated with operating a crawler crane

Improper operation of a crawler crane can cause many risks and dangers to both employees and property on the construction site. One of the main risks is occupational accidents due to falling heavy objects from above. When safety measures such as checking and ensuring the stability of the lifted object are not taken, a situation where a heavy object falls from above can occur, endangering employees on the ground.

Loss of crane control is also a potential risk when operating a crawler crane. If the vehicle is not controlled and operated correctly, there is a risk of losing control of the crane, leading to serious accidents such as collision with other structures or equipment on the construction site, or even crane collapse.

In addition, other risks include collision with surrounding structures when moving, exceeding the safe load capacity, and accidents during maintenance and repair. To minimize these risks, compliance with safety regulations and training for the operator are extremely important, and regular inspection and maintenance of the crane must also be carried out.

III. Safety Inspection and Maintenance Before Operating a Crawler Crane

A. Pre-operation safety inspection for a crawler crane

Before starting to operate a crawler crane, conducting a safety inspection is an important step that cannot be skipped. First, check the overall condition of the vehicle, including the crawler track system, crane, and other parts. Ensure that there are no foreign materials on the crane or under the crawler tracks that could obstruct operation.

Next, check the electrical and control systems, ensuring that the switches and control panel are operating normally. Check the steering and braking systems to ensure they are working correctly and reliably during movement and stopping.

Check the lifting and suspension systems to ensure they are operating safely and stably. Ensure that there are no signs of oil leaks or damage to important parts such as the cylinders and lifting arm.

B. Guide to periodic maintenance of a crawler crane

Periodic maintenance of a crawler crane is an important part of ensuring the safe and effective operation of the equipment. First, a general inspection of the overall condition of the vehicle should be carried out, including the crawler track system, crane, steering and control systems, as well as the lifting and suspension systems. Ensure that there are no signs of damage and make timely repairs if necessary.

Next, check the oil and lubrication systems, ensuring that all parts are properly lubricated and there are no oil leaks. Perform periodic oil changes for the gearbox and other parts according to the manufacturer’s instructions to maintain the performance and lifespan of the vehicle.

Check and clean the air filter and oil filter systems periodically to ensure that there is no dust and impurities in the system. This helps to improve operating performance and avoid damage due to impurities.

Finally, check and test the safety systems such as the seat belt and warning system to ensure they are working properly. If any problems are found, make timely repairs or replace the damaged parts to ensure the safety of all subsequent crawler crane operations.

IV. Safe Crawler Crane Operation Procedure

A. Step-by-step guide to a safe crawler crane operation procedure

Step 1: Pre-operation safety check: Before starting operation, check the crane to ensure that all systems and parts are working normally. Ensure that there are no signs of damage or problems that affect the operation of the vehicle.

Step 2: Plan the operation: Determine the operating objective and plan the process. Ensure that the location and working environment are suitable and safe for operation.

Step 3: Training and instruction: Ensure that the crane operator has been fully trained and instructed on how to operate the vehicle safely and effectively.

Step 4: Perform the operation: Monitor and control the crane carefully and accurately according to the procedures and instructions. Ensure that all safety measures are followed throughout the process.

Step 5: Re-check after completion: After completing the work, re-check the crane and ensure that all parts and systems have been returned to a safe position and are ready for the next use.

B. Emergency handling measures and incident response mechanisms when operating a crawler crane

In the event of an incident when operating a crawler crane, applying emergency handling measures and response mechanisms is very important to ensure the safety of employees and property. One of the most important measures is to stop the operation immediately and inform all employees on the construction site of the incident.

Next, it is necessary to warn and create a safe area around the incident, preventing everyone from approaching the dangerous area. If there is a high risk, evacuating employees and providing immediate first aid is very important.

Then, it is necessary to assess the situation and determine the cause of the incident to come up with corrective measures. If possible, try to restore the normal operation of the crane safely and quickly.

V. Risk Assessment and Hazard Management When Operating a Crawler Crane

A. Identifying potential risks and hazards in crawler crane operation

During the operation of a crawler crane, identifying potential risks and hazards is extremely important to ensure the safety of employees and property. One of the main risks is the danger of falling heavy objects from above when lifting or transporting materials is not controlled. Working at heights also increases the risk of accidents due to loss of balance or slipping.

Another potential hazard is the loss of control of the crane, especially when moving on uneven terrain. A lack of knowledge or insufficient operating skills can also lead to situations of loss of control, endangering everyone in the work area.

In addition, other risks include collision with surrounding structures when moving, system or lifting mechanism failure, and the risk of collision with other equipment or vehicles on the construction site.

To minimize these potential risks and hazards, ensuring compliance with safety regulations and training crane operators is extremely important. Identifying and dealing with potential risks and hazards will help to improve safety and efficiency during the operation of the crawler crane.

B. Effective hazard prevention strategies when operating a crawler crane

1. Regular inspection and maintenance of the crawler crane for safe operation

Performing regular inspection and maintenance of the crawler crane is an important part of ensuring that the operation is carried out safely and effectively. First, a general inspection of the overall condition of the vehicle should be carried out, including the crawler track system, crane, steering and control systems, as well as the lifting and suspension systems. Ensure that there are no signs of damage or problems that affect the operation of the vehicle.

2. Adherence to occupational safety regulations for safe crawler crane operation

To ensure safety during the operation of a crawler crane, compliance with occupational safety regulations is essential. First, it is extremely important to ensure that all employees are fully trained and instructed on the operation and use of the equipment. They need to have a clear understanding of the hazards and preventive measures, as well as specific safety procedures when operating the crane.

In addition, the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is mandatory and cannot be ignored. Ensure that all employees are fully equipped with PPE such as helmets, reflective vests, gloves, and safety shoes when working near the crane.

At the same time, maintaining a clean and tidy work area is important to avoid unwanted accidents. Remove useless materials and keep the work area clear and convenient for the movement of the crane.

3. Identifying and marking safe zones when operating a crawler crane

Identifying and marking safe zones is an important part of ensuring safety when operating a crawler crane. Before starting work, it is necessary to identify the safe zones around the crane and mark them with signs or reflective materials to warn employees and other vehicle operators.

Safe zones include the space around the crane that the operator and other employees are not allowed to approach when the vehicle is in operation. It is especially necessary to clearly mark the areas under the crane and the direct working area of the crane boom, where there is a high risk of accidents when the load is lifted or lowered.

In addition, marking the areas that the crane will move through is also very important to avoid unwanted collisions with other structures on the construction site. By accurately identifying and marking these safe zones, the risk of accidents can be minimized and the safety of everyone in the work area can be ensured.

4. Use of personal protective equipment when operating a crawler crane

The use of personal protective equipment is an important and indispensable step to ensure safety when operating a crawler crane. Every employee involved in the operation and working near the crane must be fully equipped with appropriate personal protective equipment.

Among the most important personal protective equipment is a helmet. A helmet will protect the worker’s head from falling objects from above, impacts, and other hazards that can cause head injuries.

In addition, a reflective vest is a necessary piece of personal protective equipment to increase the visibility of the worker, especially in low-light working conditions or bad weather.

Protective gloves are also an important part of personal protective equipment, helping to protect hands and fingers from sharp materials or high temperatures during work.

5. Emergency procedure and response in case of an incident when operating a crawler crane

In the event of an incident when operating a crawler crane, having a proper emergency procedure and response is very important to ensure the safety of everyone in the work area. First, the vehicle operator should immediately stop the operation and inform all employees on the construction site of the incident.

6. Participate in occupational safety courses when operating a crawler crane

Occupational safety and health training is not only a legal requirement but also a commitment to the safety and health of workers. It helps employees recognize and deal with hazards and dangerous situations, thereby minimizing accidents, injuries, or fatalities in their daily work.

The risk of accidents is always present and can happen at any time in the work environment due to the possibility of human error and the unpredictability of all situations. This emphasizes the need for occupational safety training and constant vigilance.

When participating in occupational safety training at An Toan Nam Viet Center, workers will be methodically trained from theory to real-life risk scenarios. Accordingly, there will be measures to identify and prevent occupational accident risks that may occur during work. After the training course, trainees will take occupational safety tests in order to obtain a occupational safety certificate. From there, workers will have a clear understanding of safety knowledge as well as a valid certification for work.

VI. Factors Affecting Occupational Safety When Operating a Crawler Crane

A. How do weather conditions affect the operation of a crawler crane?

Weather conditions play an important role in the operation of a crawler crane and can affect the safety and efficiency of the work process.

In strong wind conditions, the crane may have difficulty maintaining a stable position, especially when lifting or moving heavy objects. Strong winds also increase the risk of falling materials and reduce the operator’s ability to control.

Other severe weather conditions such as rain, snow, or fog can also reduce visibility and increase the risk of accidents due to slipping or loss of control of the crane. In addition, if working in snowy or slippery ground conditions, special care may be needed to ensure that the crane does not slip.

Hot sun can also affect the performance of the crane’s mechanical parts and increase the risk of overheating and damage.

B. How does the working environment affect the operation of a crawler crane?

The working environment plays an important role in the operation of a crawler crane and can affect the safety and efficiency of the work. A cold working environment can reduce the flexibility of mechanical parts and increase the risk of incidents due to freezing or reduced performance of the lubrication system.

A wet working environment can increase the risk of slipping and loss of control of the crane, especially on slippery surfaces. In addition, humidity can also cause oxidation and rust on the mechanical parts of the crane, reducing their lifespan and performance.

In a working environment with a lot of dust or pollutants, the maintenance and operation of the crane also become more difficult. Dust can reduce the performance of the cooling system and clog mechanical parts, leading to operational problems.

This emphasizes the importance of maintaining a clean and safe working environment, as well as implementing regular maintenance measures to ensure that the crane can operate effectively in all working environmental conditions.

C. How does the technical condition of the crawler crane affect its operation?

The technical condition of the crawler crane plays an important role in the operation process and can affect the safety and efficiency of the work. The mechanical components of the crane such as the engine, transmission system, and hydraulic system need to be maintained and serviced regularly to ensure smooth and reliable operation.

If the crane experiences a technical problem such as a brake system failure, a malfunction in the control system, or a decrease in engine performance, it can create a risk of serious accidents during operation. This is especially true when operating in difficult conditions such as transporting heavy materials or operating near high-rise structures.

In addition, failing to ensure the good technical condition of the crane can also reduce work efficiency and increase maintenance and repair costs. Therefore, performing regular maintenance and technical inspections is important to ensure that the crane is always in the best operating condition, while minimizing the risk of incidents and ensuring the safety of everyone during operation.

D. How do the safety knowledge and skills of the worker affect the operation of the crawler crane?

The safety knowledge and skills of the worker play an important role in ensuring safety and efficiency when operating a crawler crane. Employees must be trained and have adequate knowledge of the hazards and preventive measures in the process of operating and using the equipment, including a clear understanding of the nature and operation of the crane.

In addition, having the skill to practice accurately and safely in operating the crane is important. This includes the ability to control the crane accurately and flexibly, as well as the ability to assess and respond to emergency situations and potential risks.

The knowledge and skills of the worker also affect the implementation of safety measures and periodic maintenance of the crane. Being confident and sure in using personal protective equipment and implementing safety procedures is an important factor in ensuring the safety and efficiency of crawler crane operation.

VII. Occupational Safety Training on Safe Crawler Crane Operation Skills

A. Why do crawler crane operators need to be trained in occupational safety?

Occupational safety training for crawler crane operators is important for many reasons. First, training helps them to understand clearly the hazards and risks that may occur during crane operation, from lifting materials to moving the vehicle on the construction site. This helps them to recognize and respond effectively to dangerous situations and minimize the risk of accidents.

Second, occupational safety training provides the necessary knowledge and skills to use personal protective equipment correctly and to comply with safety procedures. This not only protects the operator but also protects other workers and everyone in the work area.

Finally, training helps to improve work efficiency and minimize downtime due to incidents or accidents. When operators have sufficient knowledge and skills, they can perform their work more accurately and safely, thereby minimizing the risk of machine damage and increasing overall work efficiency.

B. Where to get occupational safety training for crawler crane operation?

An Toan Nam Viet is a reputable and high-quality occupational safety training center in Vietnam today. With occupational safety training sessions held continuously at production workshops, factories, or construction sites throughout the country (63 provinces in Vietnam).

To ensure the effectiveness of the training, An Toan Nam Viet prepares carefully and meticulously, down to the smallest detail. From preparing tools, equipment, and teaching aids to curriculum, materials, sound, and lighting.

The occupational safety training instructors at An Toan Nam Viet are experts with many years of experience in the field. They even have research projects identifying hazards in all occupations and how to prevent them.

The instructors’ lectures are drawn from practice and conveyed in the most vivid and easy-to-understand way to the workers. These factors help workers feel comfortable during the learning period and absorb the taught knowledge well. Of course, the knowledge conveyed always adheres to Decree 44/2016/ND-CP. From there, they will grasp many measures to prevent hazards and how to protect themselves. At the same time, they will also apply it most appropriately in their actual work.

VIII. The Significance of Occupational Safety in Crawler Crane Operation

A. The importance of maintaining occupational safety in crawler crane operation

Maintaining occupational safety in crawler crane operation is extremely important because it affects many aspects of the work process. First and foremost, occupational safety ensures the protection of all employees and workers involved in the operation process. Applying safety measures helps to minimize the risk of accidents and injuries, protecting the health and lives of everyone.

In addition, maintaining occupational safety also increases the efficiency and quality of work. When employees feel safe and have good working conditions, they will work more effectively and be more focused on their tasks. This helps to minimize downtime due to incidents or accidents and increase overall work efficiency. It also helps to create a positive working environment and a happy and satisfied workforce. The care and attention to employee safety demonstrates the organization’s commitment to the health and safety of everyone, thereby creating a positive working environment and promoting the sustainable development of the business.

B. Important safety measures to be aware of before operating a crawler crane

Before operating a crawler crane, workers need to be aware of a number of important safety measures to ensure their own safety and the safety of those around them. The first is to thoroughly check the technical condition of the vehicle before each use, including checking the brake system, lifting system, and other mechanical parts to ensure normal and safe operation.

Next, identifying a safe work area and marking hazardous areas is also a necessary measure. Ensure that there are no people or objects within the operating range of the crane and identify safe locations for workers.

In addition, the use of personal protective equipment such as helmets, non-slip shoes, and reflective vests is also an important part of the safety measures. Ensure that all employees have adequate and correct use of personal protective equipment appropriate to the working environment. Complete an occupational safety training course to be issued an occupational safety card by the occupational safety training center to strengthen your profile in accordance with regulations when working.