Group 1 Occupational Safety Training Materials

DOWNLOAD THE FULL OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY DOCUMENT SET (6 GROUPS, OVER 300 OCCUPATIONS)

THE DOCUMENT ON GROUP 1 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY TRAINING (English version)

The Group 1 Occupational Safety Training materials were prepared by the lecturers at An Toàn Nam Việt, following the framework program specified in Article 18 of Decree 44/2016/ND-CP and its amendments in Decree 140/2018/ND-CP.

See more details about the Group 1 occupational safety training program here.

Course Objectives

Target Audience

Course Objectives

Group 1 subjects as defined in Decree 44/2016/ND-CP

After completing the course, Group 1 participants will have a basic understanding of the following knowledge: General knowledge of occupational safety and hygiene legal system, standards, and state regulations regarding the safe use, storage, inspection of machinery, equipment, and materials with strict occupational safety requirements. Organization, management, and implementation of occupational safety and hygiene tasks at the workplace. Basic knowledge of hazardous factors, preventive measures, and improvement of working conditions. Basic principles of first aid and emergency response.

I. Overview of Policies and Legislation on Occupational Safety and Hygiene

Based on the Constitution, the system of policies and laws on occupational safety and hygiene is generally structured as illustrated (see diagram). Legal normative documents are issued by competent state authorities following statutory procedures. They establish general rules of conduct, guaranteed by the state, to regulate social relations under the socialist orientation.

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II. Legal Documents Related to Group 1 Occupational Safety Training Materials

Document Number	Main Content	Date of Issue
A. Laws
25/2008/QH12	Health Insurance Law	14/11/2008
10/2012/QH13	Labor Code	18/06/2012
46/2014/QH13	Amendments to certain articles of the Health Insurance Law	13/06/2014
58/2014/QH13	Social Insurance Law	20/11/2014
84/2015/QH13	Occupational Safety and Hygiene Law	25/06/2015
B. Decrees
95/2013/NĐ – CP	Regulations on administrative penalties in labor, social insurance, and sending Vietnamese workers abroad under labor contracts	22/08/2013
59/2015/NĐ – CP	Regulations on construction investment project management	18/06/2015
88/2015/NĐ – CP	Amendments to certain articles of Decree 95/2013/NĐ-CP	07/10/2015
85/2015/NĐ – CP	Detailed regulations on certain Labor Code articles regarding female labor policies	01/10/2015
115/2015/NĐ – CP	Regulations on certain provisions of the Social Insurance Law regarding compulsory insurance	11/11/2015
37/2016/NĐ – CP	Detailed guidance on certain provisions of the Occupational Safety Law regarding mandatory labor accident and occupational disease insurance	15/05/2016
39/2016/NĐ – CP	Detailed guidance on certain provisions of the Occupational Safety and Hygiene Law	15/05/2016
44/2016/NĐ – CP	Detailed regulations on certain articles of the Occupational Safety and Hygiene Law on safety inspection, occupational safety training, hygiene, and environmental monitoring	15/05/2016
155/2016/NĐ – CP	Regulations on administrative penalties in environmental protection	18/11/2016
42/2017/NĐ – CP	Amendments to Decree 59/2015/NĐ-CP	05/04/2017
44/2017/NĐ – CP	Compulsory social insurance contribution for labor accident and occupational disease fund	14/04/2017
C. Circulars
14/2013/TT – BYT	Guidelines on health examinations	06/05/2013
27/2013/TT – BLĐTBXH	Regulations on occupational safety and hygiene training	18/10/2013
04/2014/TT – BLĐTBXH	Guidelines for providing personal protective equipment	12/02/2014
14/2016/TT – BYT	Detailed guidance on implementing certain provisions of the Social Insurance Law in the healthcare sector	12/05/2016
15/2016/TT – BYT	Guidelines on occupational diseases covered by social insurance	15/05/2016
07/2016/TT – BLĐTBXH	Regulations on organizing occupational safety and hygiene at business establishments	15/05/2016
08/2016/TT – BLĐTBXH	Guidance on collecting, storing, aggregating, publishing, and evaluating occupational accidents and serious safety incidents	15/05/2016
13/2016/TT – BLĐTBXH	List of jobs with strict occupational safety and hygiene requirements	16/06/2017
19/2016/TT – BYT	Guidelines for managing workplace hygiene and worker health	30/06/2016
28/2016/TT – BYT	Guidelines for managing occupational diseases	30/06/2016
41/2016/TT – BLĐTBXH	Minimum price regulations for labor safety technical inspection services of machinery, equipment, and materials requiring strict occupational safety	11/11/2016
53/2016/TT– BLĐTBXH	Issued list of machinery, equipment, and materials requiring strict occupational safety	28/12/2016
54/2016/TT– BLĐTBXH	Issued 30 technical inspection procedures for machinery, equipment, and materials requiring strict occupational safety under the authority of the Ministry of Labor, Invalids, and Social Affairs	28/12/2016
16/2017/TT–BLĐTBXH	Detailed regulations on technical safety inspections for machinery, equipment, and materials with strict occupational safety requirements	08/06/2017
19/2017/TT– BLĐTBXH	Detailed regulations and guidance for occupational safety and hygiene training	03/07/2017
10/2017/TT – BCT	Issued 18 technical inspection procedures for machinery, equipment, and materials requiring strict occupational safety under the authority of the Ministry of Industry and Trade	03/07/2017

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III. Overview of Standards and Regulations System

Document Code	Main Content	Date of Issue
A. Personal Protective Equipment
TCVN 1841:1976	Protective gloves made of leather, imitation leather, and canvas	04/12/1976
TCVN 3580:1981	Safety glasses – Light filtering for eye protection	1981
TCVN 5082:1990	Eye protection equipment – Technical requirements	1990
TCVN 5083:1990	Eye protection for welding and similar techniques – Usage requirements and light transmission	1990
TCVN 6407:1998	Industrial safety helmets	1998
TCVN 6689:2000	Protective clothing	2000
TCVN 7312:2003	Dust-filtering masks	2003
TCVN 7547:2005	Personal protective equipment	17/02/2006
OSHAS 18000:2007	Hearing protection equipment	2007
TCVN 7654:2007	Specialized safety boots	2007
TCVN 7802–1:2007	Personal fall arrest system – Full-body harness	2007
TCVN 7802–2:2007	Personal fall arrest system – Lanyard and energy-absorbing devices	2007
TCVN 7802–3:2007	Personal fall arrest system – Self-retracting lifelines	2007
TCVN 7802–4:2008	Personal fall arrest system – Vertical lifeline rails combined with sliding-type fall arresters	2008
TCVN 7802–5:2008	Personal fall arrest system – Components with self-locking and self-closing gates	2008
TCVN 7802–6:2008	Personal fall arrest system – Performance testing of the system	2008
TCVN 8084:2009	Insulating gloves	2009
TCVN 8197:2009	Safety boots resistant to chainsaw cuts	2009
TCVN 6875:2010	Protective clothing against heat and fire	2010
QCVN 10/2012/BLĐTBXH	Safety standards for filters used in full-face and half-mask respirators	05/01/2012
QCVN 08/2012/BLĐTBXH	Respiratory protection devices – Dust filters	16/04/2012
QCVN 02/2012/BLĐTBXH	Industrial safety helmets	16/02/2012
QCVN 23:2014/BLĐTBXH	National technical standard for personal fall arrest systems	30/12/2014
QCVN 27/2016/BLĐTBXH	Eye protection for welding	28/12/2016
QCVN 28/2016/BLĐTBXH	Automatic filter used in welding masks	28/12/2016
B. Electrical Safety
TCVN 2572:1978	Electrical safety signage	1978
TCVN 3145:1979	Safety requirements for switchgear up to 1000V	27/12/1979
TCVN 3256:1979	Electrical safety – Terms and definitions	1979
TCVN 4114:1985	Safety requirements for electrical equipment over 1000V	17/12/1985
TCVN 4115:1985	Protective disconnect devices for portable tools up to 1000V	17/12/1985
TCVN 5587:2008	Insulating rods and tubes containing foam for live-line work	17/12/1985
QCVN 01/2008/BCT	National standard for electrical safety	17/06/2008
TCVN 7114–1:2008	Ergonomics – Indoor workplace lighting	2008
TCVN 7114–3:2008	Ergonomics – Outdoor workplace lighting safety and protection requirements	2008
TCVN 9358:2012	Grounding system installation for industrial facilities	2012
TCVN 9385:2012	Lightning protection for construction works	2012
TCVN 7722–2–4:2013	Electric lamps – General portable lamps	2013
TCVN 7722–2–4:2013	Electric lamps – Hand-held lamps	2013
TCVN 7722–2–22:2013	Electric lamps – Emergency lighting lamps	2013
TCVN 9621–4:2013	Effects of electric current on humans and animals – Effects of lightning	2013
TCVN 9621–5:2013	Effects of electric current on humans and animals – Threshold voltage values for physiological effects	2013
TCVN 9626:2013	Live-line work – Insulating mats	2013
TCVN 9629:2013	Live-line work – Insulating ladders	2013
TCVN 9888–2:2013	Lightning protection – Risk management	2013
TCVN 9888–3:2013	Lightning protection – Material damage and life safety considerations	2013
TCVN 9888–4:2013	Lightning protection – Electrical and electronic systems inside structures	2013
QCVN 14/2013/BLĐTBXH	National standard for occupational safety regarding insulating shoes or boots	30/12/2013
QCVN 15/2013/BLĐTBXH	Insulating rods and tubes containing foam for live-line work	30/12/2013
C. Fire and Explosion Prevention
TCVN 3255:1986	Explosion safety – General requirements	1986
TCVN 3254:1989	Fire safety – General requirements	1989
TCVN 4879:1989	Fire prevention and fighting – Safety signage	1989
TCVN 5279:1990	Fire and explosion safety – Combustible dust	1990
TCVN 5303:1990	Fire safety – Terms and definitions	1990
TCVN 6100:1996	Fire prevention and fighting – Carbon dioxide fire extinguishing agent	1996
TCVN 6102:1996	Fire prevention and fighting – Foam fire extinguishing agent	1996
TCVN 6103:1996	Fire prevention and fighting – Smoke control	1996
TCVN 6060:1996	Fire prevention and fighting – High-rise buildings	1996
TCVN 6061:1996	Fire prevention and fighting – Markets and shopping centers	1996
TCVN 4878:2009	Fire prevention and fighting – Fire classification	2009
D. Occupational Safety, Hygiene, and Environment
TCVN 2288:1978	Hazardous and harmful factors in production	1978
1613/BYT – QĐ	Health classification standards for recruitment and periodic health checks for workers	1997
3733/2002/QĐ – BYT	Issuance of 21 occupational hygiene standards, 5 principles, and 7 occupational hygiene parameters	10/10/2002
TCVN 6705:2009	Solid waste	2009
TCVN 6707:2009	Hazardous waste – Warning signs	2009
QCVN 07/2009/BTNMT	National technical regulation on hazardous waste thresholds	16/11/2009
QCVN 19/2009/BTNMT	National technical regulation on industrial emissions – Dust and inorganic substances	16/11/2009
QCVN 20/2009/BTNMT	National technical regulation on industrial emissions – Certain organic substances	16/11/2009
QCVN 21/2009/BTNMT	National technical regulation on emissions from chemical fertilizer production	16/11/2009
QCVN 22/2009/BTNMT	National technical regulation on emissions from thermal power plants	16/11/2009
QCVN 23/2009/BTNMT	National technical regulation on emissions from cement production	16/11/2009
QCVN 24/2009/BTNMT	National technical regulation on industrial wastewater	16/11/2009
QCVN 25/2009/BTNMT	National technical regulation on industrial wastewater	16/11/2009
TCVN 5945:2010	Industrial wastewater standards	2013
QCVN 31/2010/BTNMT	National technical regulation on landfill leachate	29/12/2010
QCVN 32/2010/BTNMT	National technical regulation on imported plastic scrap environment	29/12/2010
QCVN 33/2010/BTNMT	National technical regulation on imported paper scrap environment	29/12/2010
QCVN 40/2011/BTNMT	National technical regulation on industrial wastewater	28/12/2011
QCVN 02/2012/BTNMT	National technical regulation on medical waste incinerators	28/12/2012
QCVN 30/2012/BTNMT	National technical regulation on industrial waste incinerators	28/12/2012
QCVN 1/NT/2015/BTNMT	National technical regulation on wastewater from natural rubber processing	31/02/2015
QCVN 2/NT/2015/BTNMT	National technical regulation on wastewater from paper and pulp industry	31/03/2015
QCVN 13/T/2015/BTNMT	National technical regulation on wastewater from textile dyeing industry	31/03/2015
QCVN 21/2016/BYT	National technical regulation on high-frequency electromagnetic fields – Permissible exposure levels at workplaces	30/06/2016
QCVN 22/2016/BYT	National technical regulation on lighting – Permissible workplace lighting levels	30/06/2016
QCVN 23/2016/BYT	National technical regulation on ultraviolet radiation – Permissible exposure at workplaces	30/06/2016
QCVN 24/2016/BYT	National technical regulation on noise – Permissible exposure at workplaces	30/06/2016
QCVN 25/2016/BYT	National technical regulation on industrial frequency electromagnetic fields – Permissible exposure at workplaces	30/06/2016
QCVN 26/2016/BYT	National technical regulation on microclimate – Permissible values at workplaces	30/06/2016
QCVN 27/2016/BYT	National technical regulation on vibration – Permissible levels at workplaces	30/06/2016
E. Machinery, Equipment, and Materials with Strict Occupational Safety Requirements
E.1. Lifting Equipment
TCVN 4755:1989	Cranes – Safety requirements for hydraulic equipment	25/09/1989
TCVN 5206:1990	Lifting machines – Safety requirements for counterweights and balancing	1990
TCVN 3147:1990	Safety regulations for loading and unloading machines	1990
TCVN 5180:1990	Electric hoists – General safety requirements	1990
TCVN 5207:1990	Lifting machines – Container cranes safety requirements	1990
TCVN 4244:2005	Lifting equipment – Design, manufacturing, and technical inspection	2005
TCVN 7549–1:2005	Cranes – Safe use, general requirements	2005
TCVN 7549–3:2005	Cranes – Safe use, tower cranes	2005
TCVN 7549–4:2005	Cranes – Safe use, jib cranes	2005
TCVN 5757:2009	Steel wire ropes for general purposes	2009
TCVN 6396–2:2009	Hydraulic elevators – Safety requirements for installation structure	2009
TCVN 6396–3:2010	Safety requirements for elevator installation structure – Electric and hydraulic freight elevators	2010
TCVN 6396–73:2010	Safety requirements for elevator installation structure – Passenger and freight elevators, fire conditions	2010
TCVN 6397:2010	Safety requirements for escalator and passenger conveyor installation structure	2010
QCVN 22/2010/BGTVT	National technical regulation on manufacturing and inspection of loading/unloading equipment and vehicles	09/09/2010
QCVN 07/2012/BLĐTBXH	National technical regulation on occupational safety for lifting equipment	30/03/2012
QCVN 11/2012/BLĐTBXH	National technical regulation on occupational safety for escalators and passenger conveyors	19/12/2012
TCVN 6396–28:2013	Safety requirements for elevator installation structure – Passenger and freight elevators, remote alarm system	2013
QCVN 18/2013/BLĐTBXH	National technical regulation on occupational safety for hydraulic elevators	30/12/2013
QCVN 27/2013/BLĐTBXH	National technical regulation on occupational safety for construction hoists	30/12/2013
QCVN 19/2014/BLĐTBXH	National technical regulation on occupational safety for passenger cable transport systems	30/12/2014
TCVN 6396–77:2015	Safety requirements for elevator installation structure – Passenger and freight elevators under seismic conditions	2015
TCVN 6396–77:2015	Safety requirements for elevator installation structure – Passenger and freight elevators in existing buildings	2015
TCVN 11074–4:2015	Cranes – Inspection – General requirements	2015
QCVN 20/2015/BLĐTBXH	National technical regulation on occupational safety for lifting platforms used to lift people	08/12/2015
QCVN 25/2015/BLĐTBXH	National technical regulation on occupational safety for engine-powered forklifts with lifting capacity from 1,000 kg	08/12/2015
QCVN 26/2016/BLĐTBXH	National technical regulation on occupational safety for hydraulic elevators	28/12/2016
QCVN 29/2016/BLĐTBXH	Occupational safety for cranes	28/12/2016
QCVN 30/2016/BLĐTBXH	Occupational safety for overhead and gantry cranes	28/12/2016
E.2. Pressure Equipment
TCVN 2360:1978	Elliptical dished steel ends for pressure vessels and boilers	1978
TCVN 497:1989	Compressed air systems for machinery – Check valves – Test methods	1989
TCVN 5181:1990	Compressed air equipment – Technical requirements	1990
TCVN 5346:1991	Boiler and hot water safety – General requirements for strength calculation	1991
TCVN 6155:1996	Pressure vessels – Technical safety requirements for installation, use, and maintenance	1996
TCVN 6156:1996	Pressure vessels – Technical safety requirements for installation, use, and maintenance – Test methods	1996
TCVN 4245:1996	Technical safety requirements for production and use of oxygen and acetylene	1996
TCVN 6297:1997	Gas cylinders – Permanent gases – Inspection at filling	1997
TCVN 6304:1997	Liquefied gas cylinders – Safety requirements for storage, handling, and transportation	1997
TCVN 6307:1997	Refrigeration systems – Test methods	1997
TCVN 6413:1998	Welded fire-tube and water-tube boilers (excluding water-tube boilers)	1998
TCVN 6740:2000	Refrigeration compressors – Performance data presentation	2000
TCVN 6741:2000	Refrigeration compressors – Test methods	2000
TCVN 7441:2004	Liquefied petroleum gas systems at consumption sites – Design, installation, and operation requirements	2004
TCVN 6294:2007	Gas cylinders – Carbon steel cylinders – Periodic inspection and testing	2007
TCVN 7704:2007	Welded fire-tube and water-tube boilers (excluding water-tube boilers)	1998
TCVN 6486:2008	Liquefied petroleum gas – Pressurized storage – Design and installation requirements	2008
QCVN 01/2008/BLĐTBXH	National technical regulation on occupational safety for boilers and pressure vessels	27/11/2008
TCVN 8366:2010	Pressure vessels – Design and manufacturing requirements	2010
TCVN 6713:2013	Gas cylinders – Safe handling	2013
TCVN 6715:2013	Gas cylinders – Dissolved acetylene cylinders – Inspection at filling	2013
TCVN 7163:2013	Portable gas cylinders – Cylinder valves, technical characteristics, and type testing	2013
TCVN 7389:2013	Portable gas cylinders – Installing cylinder valves on gas cylinders	2013
TCVN 9314:2013	Gas cylinders – Pressure relief valves – General requirements and type testing	2013
TCVN 9441:2013	Industrial valves – Pressure testing for metal valves	2013
TCVN 10118:2013	Gas cylinders and cylinder assemblies – Design, manufacturing, testing, and inspection requirements	2013
TCVN 10122:2013	Gas cylinders – Compressed gas cylinders (except C2H2) – Inspection at filling	2013
QCVN 04/2013/BCT	National technical regulation on safety of steel liquefied petroleum gas cylinders	31/07/2013
QCVN 04/2014/BCT	National technical regulation on safety of steam and hot water pipelines in power plants	15/12/2014
TCVN 6104–1:2015	Refrigeration and heat pump systems – Safety and environmental requirements – Part: Definitions, classification, and selection criteria	2015
TCVN 10361:2014	Portable gas cylinders – Periodic inspection and testing of composite gas cylinders	2014
TCVN 10363:2014	Gas cylinders – Seamless gas cylinders – Periodic inspection and testing	2014
TCVN 6104–2:2015	Refrigeration and heat pump systems – Safety and environmental requirements – Part: Design, construction, labeling, testing, and documentation	2015
TCVN 6104–3:2015	Refrigeration and heat pump systems – Safety and environmental requirements – Part: Installation site	2015
TCVN 6104–4:2015	Refrigeration and heat pump systems – Safety and environmental requirements – Part: Operation, maintenance, repair, and restoration	2015
TCVN 6739:2015	Refrigerants – Symbols and safety classification	2015
TCVN 11275:2015	Properties of refrigerants	2015
TCVN 11276:2015	Refrigeration and heat pump systems – Flexible pipes, vibration dampers, expansion joints, and non-metallic pipes – Requirements and classification	2015
QCVN 21:2015/BLĐTBXH	National technical regulation on occupational safety for steam and hot water pipelines	08/12/2015
QCVN 31:2017/BLĐTBXH	National technical regulation on occupational safety for refrigeration systems	26/07/2017
E. Construction
TCVN 4431:1987	Safety railings – Technical requirements	1987
TCVN 5308:1991	Safety regulations in construction	1991
TCVN 6052:1995	Steel scaffolding	1995
TCXD VN 296:2004	Scaffolding – Safety requirements	2004
QCVN 45:2012/BGTVT	National technical regulation on passenger bus stations	12/12/2012
AS/ANZ 1577:2013	Scaffolding planks (Australian standard)	2013
QCVN 12:2013/BLĐTBXH	National technical regulation on occupational safety for suspended work platforms	2013
QCVN 12:2013/BCT	National technical regulation on design requirements for fuel stations	18/06/2013
QCVN 18:2014/BXD	National technical regulation on safety in construction	05/09/2014
QCVN 10:2014/BXD	National technical regulation on construction accessibility for persons with disabilities	29/12/2014
E. Machinery, Equipment, and Substances Used in Production
TCVN 2292:1978	Painting work – General safety requirements	1978
TCVN 3146:1986	General safety requirements for electric welding in manufacturing industries	1986
TCVN 4279:1989	Metal cutting machinery – Safety requirements for electrical equipment	1989
TCVN 5184:1990	Metal cutting machines – Specific safety requirements for drill press structures	1990
TCVN 5881:1995	Small vertical drilling machines	1995
TCVN 4245:1996	General safety requirements for production and use of oxygen and acetylene	1996
TCVN 7014:2002	Machine safety – Safety distances to prevent personnel from reaching hazardous areas	2002
TCVN 7300:2003	Machine safety – Prevention of unexpected start-up	2003
TCVN 7302–2:2003	Ergonomic design for machine safety – Principles for determining required dimensions of work zones	2003
TCVN 7302–3:2003	Ergonomic design for machine safety – Anthropometric data	2003
TCVN 7387–1:2004	Machine safety – Common means of access to machines – Part: Selection of fixed access means between two levels	2004
TCVN 7302–1:2007	Ergonomic design for machine safety – Principles for determining dimensions – Requirements for clearance for whole-body access into machines	2007
TCVN 7387–2:2007	Machine safety – Common means of access to machines – Part: Work platforms and walkways	2007
TCVN 7301–1:2008	Machine safety – Risk assessment – Principles	2008
TCVN 7301–1:2008	Machine safety – Risk assessment – Practical guidance and examples of methods	2008
TCVN 8094–1:2009	Arc welding equipment – Part: Welding power source	2009
TCVN 7996–1:2009	Hand-held motor-operated electric tools – Safety – Part: General requirements	2009
TCVN 7996–2–1:2009	Hand-held motor-operated electric tools – Safety – Part: Requirements for drills and percussion drills	2009
TCVN 7996–2–5:2009	Hand-held motor-operated electric tools – Safety – Part: Requirements for circular saws	2009
QCVN 03:2011/BLĐTBXH	National technical regulation on occupational safety for electric welding machines and welding work	29/11/2011
TCVN 7387–3:2011	Machine safety – Common means of access to machines – Part: Stairs, ladder seats, and handrails	2011
TCVN 7387–4:2011	Machine safety – Common means of access to machines – Part: Fixed ladders	2011
TCVN 7996–2–7:2011	Hand-held motor-operated electric tools – Safety – Part: Requirements for non-flammable liquid spray guns	2011
TCVN 7996–2–11:2011	Hand-held motor-operated electric tools – Safety – Part: Requirements for reciprocating saws	2011
TCVN 7996–2–13:2011	Hand-held motor-operated electric tools – Safety – Part: Requirements for chainsaws	2011
TCVN 7996–2–14:2011	Hand-held motor-operated electric tools – Safety – Part: Requirements for planers	2011
TCVN 7996–2–19:2011	Hand-held motor-operated electric tools – Safety – Part: Requirements for spindle moulders	2011
TCVN 7996–2–20:2011	Hand-held motor-operated electric tools – Safety – Part: Requirements for band saws	2011
TCVN 9058:2011	Machine safety – Interlocking devices combined with guards – Design and selection principles	2011
TCVN 9059:2011	Machine safety – Guards – General design and construction requirements for fixed and movable guards	2011
QCVN 09:2012/BLĐTBXH	National technical regulation on occupational safety for hand-held motor-operated electric tools	30/12/2013
QCVN 17:2013/BLĐTBXH	National technical regulation on occupational safety for steam welding machines	30/12/2013

 

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IV. State Management Regulations on Occupational Safety and Health for New Construction, Renovation, Expansion of Production Facilities, and Use or Storage of Machines, Equipment, and Materials with Strict Occupational Safety Requirements

1. Excerpts from the Law on Occupational Safety and Hygiene in Group 1 Safety Training Materials

Article 31. Inspection of machines, equipment, and materials with strict occupational safety requirements

1. Machines, equipment, and materials with strict occupational safety requirements must be inspected before being put into use and periodically during use by organizations authorized to conduct occupational safety technical inspections.
2. Inspections of machines, equipment, and materials with strict occupational safety requirements must ensure accuracy, transparency, and openness.
3. The Government shall provide detailed regulations on the competent authority for issuance, conditions regarding facilities and technical infrastructure, procedures, documentation for new issuance, reissuance, extension, and revocation of Certificates of Eligibility for organizations performing occupational safety technical inspections; the standards for inspectors to meet inspection requirements for the objects inspected; and the inspection of machines, equipment, and materials with strict occupational safety requirements.

2. Excerpts from Decree 44/2016/ND-CP in Group 1 Safety Training Materials

Article 2. Scope of application

1. Employers and employees as defined in Article 2 of the Law on Occupational Safety and Hygiene.
2. Public service units, enterprises, and other organizations or individuals involved in occupational safety technical inspections, safety training, hygiene, and environmental monitoring.

Article 16. Responsibilities of organizations and individuals using machines, equipment, and materials with strict occupational safety requirements

1. Select an organization authorized to conduct occupational safety technical inspections to perform initial inspections before use or periodic inspections during use; only put into use machines, equipment, and materials that pass inspection.
2. Notify the local Department of Labor – Invalids and Social Affairs within 30 days before or after putting into use the machines, equipment, and materials, unless otherwise regulated by specialized law.
3. Keep occupational safety technical records of inspected objects as prescribed in national technical regulations on occupational safety and hygiene. In the case of transfer (or lease) of inspected objects, the seller (or lessor) must hand over all technical records to the buyer (or lessee).
4. Facilitate the inspection organization to carry out inspections, prepare all related technical documents for inspectors, and assign a representative to witness the inspection process.
5. Implement the recommendations of the inspection organization to ensure safety during use. Do not continue using objects that fail inspection or are past the inspection validity period.
6. Manage, use, and dispose of inspected objects according to national technical regulations on occupational safety and hygiene and the manufacturer’s instructions.
7. The template for declaring the use of machines, equipment, and materials with strict occupational safety requirements is provided in Appendix I of this Decree.

Article 17. Participants in occupational safety training

Participants specified in Article 14 of the Law on Occupational Safety and Hygiene are divided into the following groups:

1. Group 1: Managers responsible for occupational safety and hygiene, including:
   • a) Heads of units, production and business facilities, departments, or branches; heads of production, business, or technical divisions; workshop managers or equivalent;
   • b) Deputy heads assigned responsibility for occupational safety and hygiene.
2. Group 2: Safety and hygiene staff, including:
   • a) Full-time or part-time occupational safety and hygiene officers of the facility;
   • b) Personnel directly supervising occupational safety and hygiene at the workplace.
3. Group 3: Workers performing tasks with strict occupational safety and hygiene requirements as listed in the catalog issued by the Ministry of Labor – Invalids and Social Affairs.
4. Group 4: Workers not included in Groups 1, 2, or 3, including apprentices, interns, or probationary workers employed by the employer.
5. Group 5: Personnel working in healthcare.
6. Group 6: Safety and hygiene personnel as prescribed in Article 74 of the Law on Occupational Safety and Hygiene.

3. Excerpts from Circular 04/2017/TT – BXD in Group 1 Safety Training Materials

Article 4. Responsibilities of construction contractors

1. Before starting construction, contractors must develop and submit to the investor for approval a comprehensive occupational safety plan. This plan shall be reviewed periodically or on an ad hoc basis to adjust according to actual site conditions. The basic contents of the comprehensive occupational safety plan are specified in Appendix I of this Circular.
2. Establish an occupational safety management unit as prescribed in Clause 1, Article 36 of Decree 39/2016/ND-CP and implement the comprehensive occupational safety plan for the tasks under their responsibility.
3. The main contractor or general contractor is responsible for checking the occupational safety management of tasks performed by subcontractors. Subcontractors are responsible for complying with the provisions of this Article for tasks under their responsibility.
4. Develop separate, detailed construction methods for specialized tasks with high occupational safety risks as stipulated in the national technical regulations on construction safety.
5. Stop construction immediately upon detecting risks of occupational accidents or incidents causing unsafe conditions and implement corrective measures to ensure safety before resuming work.
6. Remediate the consequences of occupational accidents or incidents causing unsafe conditions occurring during construction.
7. Report periodically or ad hoc to the investor on the implementation of occupational safety management in construction as prescribed in the construction contract.
8. Comply with other provisions of the law on occupational safety and hygiene.

Article 5. Responsibilities of the investor

1. Approve the comprehensive occupational safety plan developed by the contractor and monitor the contractor’s implementation of the plan.
2. Assign and communicate the duties and authority of the occupational safety manager as prescribed in Clause 2, Article 115 of the Construction Law to construction contractors.
3. Coordinate among contractors to manage occupational safety and address safety issues arising during construction.
4. Suspend construction when a contractor violates occupational safety regulations causing or potentially causing accidents or unsafe conditions, and require the contractor to implement corrective measures before resuming work.
5. Direct and coordinate with contractors to handle and remediate consequences of occupational accidents or unsafe incidents; report unsafe incidents; coordinate with competent authorities to investigate incidents involving machines, equipment, and materials as prescribed in Articles 18 and 19 of this Circular; and prepare incident handling records as required in Article 20.
6. If the investor hires a project management consultancy or construction supervision contractor, the investor may assign one or more of their responsibilities to this contractor via a consultancy contract. The investor is responsible for monitoring the implementation of the consultancy contract and resolving issues between the consultancy contractor, construction supervision contractor, other contractors, and local authorities during construction.
7. In the case of EPC contracts or turnkey contracts (general contractors), occupational safety responsibilities are as follows:
   • a) The investor may assign one or more of their responsibilities under this Article to the general contractor through the construction contract. The investor shall monitor the implementation of the contract and compliance with occupational safety regulations by the general contractor;
   • b) The general contractor shall fulfill the responsibilities assigned by the investor as well as those prescribed in Article 4 of this Circular for tasks under their responsibility.
8. Compliance with the provisions in this Article by the investor does not reduce the occupational safety responsibilities of contractors for tasks under their management.

Article 6. Responsibilities of the occupational safety management unit of the construction contractor

1. Implement the approved comprehensive occupational safety plan for the construction project.
2. Guide workers to identify hazards with accident risks and preventive measures on site; ensure workers use the correct and sufficient personal protective equipment during work; monitor compliance with occupational safety requirements; and manage the number of workers on site.
3. Upon detecting violations of occupational safety management or risks of accidents or unsafe conditions, promptly take corrective actions, apply internal sanctions, decide to temporarily suspend hazardous work, suspend workers not complying with safety procedures, and report to the site manager.
4. Proactively participate in accident response and remediation, and join emergency rescue operations as required by the investor, employer, or competent authorities.

Article 7. Responsibilities of workers on the construction site

1. Comply with the provisions of Article 17 of the Law on Occupational Safety and Hygiene.
2. Refuse assigned tasks if unsafe, after reporting to their immediate supervisor without corrective action or if the contractor does not provide adequate personal protective equipment as required.
3. Only perform tasks with strict occupational safety and hygiene requirements after receiving training and being issued an occupational safety card.

Article 8. Inspection of occupational safety management in construction by specialized construction authorities

1. Inspection content includes compliance with occupational safety laws by the investor and contractors and the preparation and implementation of the comprehensive occupational safety plan on the construction site.
2. Organizations conducting occupational safety inspections on construction projects:
   • a) For projects specified in Clause 1, Article 32 of Decree 46/2015/ND-CP, inspection authority follows Clause 2, Article 32 of Decree 46/2015/ND-CP;
   • b) For other projects, district-level People’s Committees shall organize inspections.
3. The competent authorities specified in Clause 2 shall carry out inspections as follows:
   • a) Conduct inspections according to periodic, ad hoc, or coordinated schedules with construction acceptance inspections under Clause 8, Article 34 of Decree 59/2015/ND-CP;
   • b) Coordinate inspections with labor management authorities.

4. Circular 53/2016/TT – MOLISA Issuing the List of Machines, Equipment, Materials, and Substances with Strict Occupational Safety Requirements

(See the full text of the Circular in the reference section at the end of this Group 1 Safety Training material)

 

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V. Organization and Safety Management System in Group 1 Safety Training Materials

1. Overview of the Safety Management Organizational Chart in Group 1 Safety Training Materials

(Presented according to the Law on Occupational Safety and Hygiene)

2. Excerpts from Decree 44/2016/ND-CP Guiding Certain Articles of the Occupational Safety and Hygiene Law on Inspection and Training

Article 72: Occupational Safety and Hygiene Unit

1. Based on the scale, nature of labor, risk of occupational accidents and diseases, and working conditions, employers must assign personnel to work on occupational safety and hygiene or establish a safety management unit at the workplace. (The government provides detailed regulations on this clause.)
2. Occupational safety personnel or the safety unit shall advise and assist the employer in implementing occupational safety and hygiene activities, including:
   • a) Developing internal regulations, procedures, and measures to ensure safety and hygiene; fire and explosion prevention;
   • b) Preparing and supervising the implementation of annual occupational safety and hygiene plans; risk assessment and emergency response planning;
   • c) Managing and monitoring the declaration, inspection of machines, equipment, materials, and substances with strict occupational safety and hygiene requirements;
   • d) Organizing information, communication, training on occupational safety and hygiene; first aid, emergency care, and occupational disease prevention for workers;
   • đ) Conducting self-inspections on occupational safety and hygiene; investigating workplace accidents and technical incidents causing unsafe conditions according to the law;
   • e) Coordinating with the medical unit to monitor and control hazardous and harmful factors;
   • g) Summarizing and proposing solutions to the employer for recommendations from inspection teams and workers regarding occupational safety and hygiene;
   • h) Coordinating with the enterprise’s trade union executive committee to guide the duties of safety and hygiene staff;
   • i) Organizing emulation, rewards, disciplinary actions, statistics, and reporting on occupational safety and hygiene activities.
3. Occupational safety personnel or the safety unit have the following rights:
   • a) Request production supervisors to suspend work or temporarily suspend work in emergencies upon detecting risks of accidents, and report to the employer;
   • b) Suspend operation of unsafe or expired machines and equipment;
   • c) Attend training courses and professional development in occupational safety and hygiene as arranged by the employer according to the law.
4. Personnel working in occupational safety and hygiene must have technical expertise and practical understanding of the production and business activities of the workplace.
5. If the workplace cannot assign personnel or establish a safety unit as prescribed, it must hire competent organizations according to the law to perform occupational safety and hygiene tasks.

Article 73. Medical Unit

1. Based on the scale, nature of labor, risk of occupational accidents and diseases, and working conditions, employers must assign medical personnel or establish a medical unit responsible for employee health management. (The government provides detailed regulations on this clause.)
2. Medical personnel or the medical unit shall advise and assist the employer and directly manage employee health, including:
   • a) Preparing first aid and emergency response plans, essential medicines, and emergency scenarios; organizing training for workers in first aid and emergency response;
   • b) Planning and organizing health checkups, occupational disease detection, medical assessments of work capacity reduction from occupational accidents or diseases, rehabilitation, and advising on preventive measures; assigning job positions suitable to employees’ health;
   • c) Providing routine medical examinations and treatment on site and first aid for victims of occupational accidents or technical incidents causing unsafe conditions;
   • d) Communicating and disseminating information on labor hygiene, occupational disease prevention, workplace health promotion; supervising hygiene compliance, epidemic prevention, food safety; organizing training as required;
   • đ) Managing information on workplace hygiene and labor; monitoring the work environment to assess harmful factors; maintaining employee health records and records of occupational disease cases;
   • e) Coordinating with the occupational safety unit to implement related duties as prescribed in Clause 2, Article 72.

3. Excerpts from Decree 39/2016/ND-CP in Group 1 Safety Training Materials

Article 36. Organization of the Occupational Safety and Hygiene Unit

The organization of the occupational safety and hygiene unit as prescribed in Clause 1, Article 72 of the Occupational Safety and Hygiene Law is as follows:

1. For workplaces in mining, coke production, refined petroleum production, chemical production, metal and metal products production, non-metallic mineral products production, construction, shipbuilding and repair, electricity generation, transmission, and distribution, employers must establish an occupational safety and hygiene unit meeting these minimum requirements:
   • a) Workplaces with fewer than 50 employees must assign at least 1 person to safety and hygiene tasks on a part-time basis;
   • b) Workplaces with 50 to fewer than 300 employees must assign at least 1 full-time safety and hygiene officer;
   • c) Workplaces with 300 to fewer than 1,000 employees must assign at least 2 full-time safety and hygiene officers;
   • d) Workplaces with more than 1,000 employees must establish a safety and hygiene department or assign at least 3 full-time safety and hygiene officers.
2. For workplaces in other industries, employers must establish an occupational safety unit meeting these minimum requirements:
   • a) Workplaces with fewer than 300 employees must assign at least 1 part-time safety and hygiene officer;
   • b) Workplaces with 300 to fewer than 1,000 employees must assign at least 1 full-time officer;
   • c) Workplaces with more than 1,000 employees must establish a safety and hygiene department or assign at least 2 full-time officers.
3. Full-time occupational safety officers must meet one of the following conditions:
   1. a) University degree in a technical field; at least 1 year of experience in the workplace’s production/business area;
   2. b) College degree in a technical field; at least 3 years of relevant experience;
   3. c) Intermediate technical diploma or direct technical work experience; at least 5 years of relevant experience.
4. Part-time occupational safety officers must meet one of the following conditions:
   1. a) University degree in a technical field;
   2. b) College degree in a technical field with at least 1 year of experience;
   3. c) Intermediate technical diploma or direct technical work experience with at least 3 years of experience.

Article 37. Organization of the Medical Unit

The organization of the medical unit as prescribed in Clause 1, Article 73 of the Occupational Safety and Hygiene Law is as follows:

1. For workplaces in the fields of seafood processing and preservation, mining, textile, garment, leather and footwear production, coke production, chemical production, rubber and plastic products, recycling, environmental sanitation, metal production, shipbuilding and repair, and construction materials production, employers must organize a medical unit at the workplace meeting the following minimum requirements:
   • a) Workplaces with fewer than 300 employees must have at least 1 medical staff member with an intermediate-level qualification;
   • b) Workplaces with 300 to fewer than 500 employees must have at least 1 doctor/physician and 1 medical staff member with an intermediate-level qualification;
   • c) Workplaces with 500 to fewer than 1,000 employees must have at least 1 doctor, and each shift must include 1 medical staff member with an intermediate-level qualification;
   • d) Workplaces with 1,000 employees or more must establish a medical facility according to the organizational form stipulated by laws on medical examination and treatment.
2. For workplaces in other industries, employers must organize a medical unit meeting the following minimum requirements:
   • a) Workplaces with fewer than 500 employees must have at least 1 medical staff member with an intermediate-level qualification;
   • b) Workplaces with 500 to fewer than 1,000 employees must have at least 1 physician and 1 medical staff member with an intermediate-level qualification;
   • c) Workplaces with more than 1,000 employees must have 1 doctor and 1 other medical staff member.
3. Medical personnel at the workplace as prescribed in Clauses 1 and 2 must meet the following conditions:
   • a) Possess professional medical qualifications, including: doctor, preventive medicine doctor, nursing bachelor, physician, secondary-level nurse, or midwife;
   • b) Hold a certificate of occupational health and safety specialization.
4. Employers must notify the provincial Department of Health, where the workplace is headquartered, of the workplace medical personnel information using the form in Appendix XXI attached to this Decree.
5. If the workplace cannot assign medical personnel or establish a medical unit as prescribed in Clauses 1, 2, and 3, the workplace must comply with the following:
   • a) Contract with a competent medical facility to provide the required number of medical personnel as prescribed; ensure timely presence at the workplace in emergencies within 30 minutes for plains, towns, and cities, and within 60 minutes for mountainous, remote, or isolated areas;
   • b) Notify the provincial Department of Health of the contracted medical facility using the form in Appendix XXII attached to this Decree.

Article 38. Organization of the Workplace Occupational Safety and Hygiene Council

The organization of the workplace Occupational Safety and Hygiene Council as prescribed in Clause 1, Article 75 of the Occupational Safety and Hygiene Law is as follows:

1. Employers must establish a Workplace Occupational Safety and Hygiene Council in the following cases:
   • a) Workplaces in the fields specified in Clause 1, Article 36 of this Decree with 300 employees or more;
   • b) Workplaces in other fields not covered in Point a of this Clause, with 1,000 employees or more;
   • c) Economic groups and state-owned corporations.
2. Other workplaces may establish an Occupational Safety and Hygiene Council if deemed necessary and if conditions for operation are sufficient.

 

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VI. Hazardous and Harmful Factors in Workplace Safety Training – Group 1

1. Terms & Definitions (According to the Occupational Safety and Hygiene Law & OSHAS 18001 – 2007)

• a. Workplace: the area in which work-related activities are conducted under the control of an organization.
• b. Hazardous factor: an element that causes unsafe conditions, injury, or death during work activities.
• c. Harmful factor: an element that causes disease or deteriorates human health during work activities.
• d. Incident: a work-related event that results in injury, health deterioration (regardless of severity), or potential death.
• e. Hazard: a source or situation with the potential to cause injury or health deterioration, or a combination of both.
• f. Risk: the combination of the likelihood of a hazardous event occurring and the severity of injury or health deterioration caused by that event, including both acceptable and unacceptable risks.
• g. Risk assessment: the process of estimating risk from a hazard while considering the adequacy of existing controls and determining whether the risk is acceptable.
• h. Warning/Preventive action: actions aimed at eliminating, preventing, or avoiding recurrence (also called corrective action) of potential nonconformities or undesirable conditions.

2. Classification of Hazardous and Harmful Factors in the Workplace

According to TCVN 2288:1978, hazardous and harmful factors at the workplace are classified into four main groups:

• Group related to physical and chemical factors
• Group related to biological factors
• Group related to psychosocial and physiological factors

Group Related to Physical and Chemical Factors

A. Physical Factors

No.	Cause		No.	Cause
1	Machines, components, moving parts, transmission, movement, etc.		10	High voltage, increased static electricity
2	Air temperature increase, decrease, or dust		11	Increased electromagnetic fields, magnetic field intensity, electric field intensity
3	Air humidity increase or decrease		12	Insufficient or no natural light
4	Airborne dust, material surface temperature, equipment temperature increase or decrease		13	Insufficient workplace illumination
5	Sudden increase or decrease in environmental pressure at workplace, noise		14	Increased light glare
6	Increase in low-frequency or ultrasonic vibration		15	Reduced contrast
7	Increase in general vibration		16	Direct and reflected glare
8	Air movement changes or ionized air variations		17	Fluctuating light pulses, increased ultraviolet radiation
9	Increased ionizing radiation in the work area		18	Increased infrared radiation
No.		Cause	No.		Cause
1		Increased sensitivity upon exposure	4		Mutagenic effects
2		Irritation	5		Affects regenerative functions
3		Carcinogenic factors
– Effects through penetration into the human body
1		Through skin	3		Through digestive system
2		Through respiratory system
c. Group due to biological factors
No.		Cause	No.		Cause
1		Causing injury or disease	2		Plants, animals
d. Group due to psychological and physiological factors
No.		Cause	No.		Cause
1		Physical overload	2		Psychological and neurological overload

3. Causes of the Emergence of Hazards and Harmful Factors in Safety Training Materials – Group 1

The emergence of hazards and harmful factors arises from two main causes:

a. Indirect causes

• Due to society and surrounding environment
• Management organization
• Unsuitable workplace organization and arrangement
• Processes or procedures not suitable for production conditions
• Awareness and perception of workers in their tasks
• Lack of information sharing and cooperation between management and workers
• Other causes

b. Direct causes

• Dangerous behavior of workers during work
• Hesitation to report hazards or technical incidents
• Awareness and discipline in work performance or task execution
• Non-compliance with procedures or only partial compliance
• Unexpected events beyond control
• Other causes

4. Identifying Hazards and Harmful Factors in Safety Training Materials – Group 1

According to the timeline of task execution, hazards, harmful factors, dangers, and risks are potential elements that may recur during work. Therefore, assessing and identifying these factors is necessary to reduce or eliminate hazards, harmful factors, dangers, and risks, including acceptable risks.
Steps to identify hazards, harmful factors, dangers, and risks before performing assigned tasks:

Step 1: Predict hazards, harmful factors, and risks, including acceptable risks.

Step 2: Assess potential risks through risk prediction.

Step 3: Identify the maximum possible risk, including acceptable risks.

Step 4: Implement preventive measures to limit risks during task execution.

Step 5: Apply administrative and technical measures.

5. Common Hazards and Harmful Factors in the Workplace in Safety Training Materials – Group 1

a. Electricity

Risks arising from the work environment include:

• Accumulated dust causing static electricity
• Moisture, mold, or condensation on surfaces or equipment
• Chemical activity
• Conductive floors

Risks arising from humans include:

• Carelessness during use
• Awareness and perception during use

b. High Falls

Risks from the work environment include:

• No barriers or warnings
• Inadequate or inappropriate barriers/warnings

Risks from humans include:

• Carelessness at work
• Awareness and perception during work
• Failure to use personal protective equipment

c. Crushing or Pinching

Risks from the work environment include:

• No guarding of moving mechanisms
• Failure to perform regular maintenance or repairs as required

Risks from humans include:

• Carelessness during work
• Awareness and perception of workers

d. Flying Debris

Risks from the work environment include:

• No guarding of mechanisms generating flying debris
• No equipment checks before workers operate

Risks from humans include:

• Failure to inspect and follow safety measures when using equipment
• Incorrect use contrary to instructions or intended purpose
• Failure to use personal protective equipment

e. Falling Objects or Collapses

Risks from the work environment include:

• No protective barriers or supports
• Poor management organization

Risks from humans include:

• Violating rules, regulations, procedures, or safety measures
• Ignoring warnings and instructions in the workplace
• Poor workplace organization

f. Traffic Accidents

Risks from the work environment include:

• No traffic warnings or instructions within the facility
• No rules, procedures, or safety measures

Risks from humans include:

• Violating rules, regulations, procedures, or safety measures
• Using audio-visual devices or phones while operating vehicles
• Ignoring warnings and instructions in areas with vehicle operation

g. Fire and Explosion

Risks from the work environment include:

• No warnings, fire prevention measures, or emergency exit plans
• No procedures or safety measures for tasks prone to fire or explosion
• Unsafe equipment

Risks from humans include:

• Violating rules, regulations, procedures, or safety measures
• Ignoring warnings and instructions in areas with operating equipment

h. Dust

Hazards arising from the work environment include:

• No measures to shield or control dust during production
• No or insufficient dust inspection and shielding before work

Hazards arising from humans include:

• Carelessness and failure to implement adequate dust shielding measures
• Failure to use personal protective equipment

i. Working Posture

Risks arising from the work environment include:

• Inappropriate work position
• Unsuitable workspace

Hazards arising from humans include:

• Overexertion
• Improper posture during work

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VII. Improving Working Conditions in Safety Training Materials – Group 1

Working conditions are understood as the combination of natural, social, economic, and technical factors, expressed through labor tools and equipment, work objects, technological processes, the work environment, and their arrangement in space and time, as well as their interaction with workers at the workplace, creating certain conditions for humans during work. The psycho-physiological state of workers while on the job is also considered an element closely linked to working conditions.

The work environment is the place where material and social components converge for humans to perform production and operational activities. It can provide convenience and favorable conditions for workers but can also be harsh and adverse (e.g., extreme temperatures, high humidity, high dust or toxic vapor concentration, excessive noise, insufficient lighting), affecting occupational safety.

The factors present in the work environment arise from machinery and equipment operations, changes in work objects, and human influence during technological processes, as well as climatic and natural conditions.

The psycho-physiological state of workers during work is a crucial subjective factor and can sometimes be the reason for occupational accidents and occupational diseases affecting themselves and others.

Therefore, improving working conditions aims to clearly identify the origin, level, and impact of hazardous and harmful factors on humans to implement measures that reduce or eliminate them, in other words, to manage and control effectively, ensuring safety and protecting workers’ health.

The method to improve working conditions in Safety Training Materials – Group 1 involves 7 steps:

1. Assessing environmental factors at the workplace

This step identifies ineffective practices, good practices, and proposes appropriate corrective solutions. The assessment includes:

• Workplace layout and material transport
• Conditions for performing tasks at the workplace
• Safety of machinery and equipment
• Workplace environment
• Workplace welfare conditions
• Organization of work at the workplace

2. Organizing the workplace and material transport

Steps to implement this principle:

Organizing the workplace and material transport routes:

• Remove unnecessary materials and products

• Improve transport routes; ensure escape routes are clear

• Place materials and products in designated areas; avoid stacking directly on the floor

• Use multi-tier racks

• Shorten work and transport distances
  • Keep frequently used items nearby

• • Use mobile racks and shelves

• • Use trolleys and hand carts

• Increase efficiency when lifting
  • Do not lift weights beyond your capacity; lift with multiple people if necessary; divide loads into smaller, lighter parts

• • Move materials at waist height

• • Use specialized equipment for lifting, lowering, and transporting heavy items

• • Keep your back straight and use leg muscles when lifting

3. Conditions for performing tasks at the workplace

Steps to implement this principle:

• Within reach
  • Tools, materials, and control buttons should be within arm’s reach

• • Provide designated places for tools and ensure proper placement

• • Perform tasks at elbow height

• • Use footrests for shorter workers and elevated surfaces for taller workers

• • Provide chairs with backrests for seated workers

• • Use stools to allow workers to alternate between sitting and standing

• • Ensure sufficient legroom when working in sitting or standing positions

• Principle of securing materials and hand tools
  • Use clamps or jigs to secure work materials

• • Use hanging tools for easy mobility

• • Hand tools should have ergonomic handles, thick grip, and electrical insulation

• • Use rotating tables for tasks requiring multiple operations

• Principle of easy identification
  • Place warning signs and important buttons within arm’s reach

• • Signs, control buttons, and labels should be easily distinguishable and use simple local language

• • Emergency buttons should be color-coded and positioned for easy visibility and operation

4. Safety of machinery and equipment

Steps to implement this principle:

• Operating points of machines should have no hazardous exposure
• Material entry and exit paths during processing should be safe and compatible with machinery

• Guard hazardous parts
  • Fixed parts

• • Adjustable parts

• Periodic maintenance (including guards) according to regulations
  • Performed by trained and experienced personnel

• • Disconnect control power and display “Danger – Do Not Operate” sign

5. Work environment

Steps to implement this principle:

• Adequate lighting at the workplace
  • Maximize use of natural daylight

• • Use local lighting for precision tasks

• • Arrange lighting to prevent glare

• • Maintain and service lighting sources

• Ventilation
  • Enhance natural ventilation

• • Utilize the natural rise of hot air

• • Protect the workplace from external heat

• • Use fans to increase airflow

• Isolate health hazards

• Use exhaust systems to remove hazardous sources

• Chemical containers must be labeled, have Safety Data Sheets (MSDS), and be tightly sealed

• Fire and electrical accident prevention
  • Keep flammable materials away from heat sources and open flames

• • Equip appropriate fire extinguishers and place them in visible and accessible locations

• • Circuits should be enclosed and protected by ELCB (Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker) or fuses

• • Ensure electrical equipment is properly grounded

6. Welfare Facilities at the Workplace in Group 1 Occupational Safety Training Materials

Steps to implement this principle:

• Equip the main welfare facilities
  • Drinking water, washbasins, toilets

• Use important but low-cost welfare facilities
  • Personal protective equipment, changing rooms, personal lockers

• • Canteen – Parking area for employees

• • Recreational facilities – Daycare for employees’ children

• Medical care and emergency readiness

• Care for pregnant women and people with disabilities

7. Work Organization at the Workplace in Group 1 Occupational Safety Training Materials

Steps to implement this principle:

• Eliminate unnecessary operational steps
• Coordinate tasks to make work diverse and interesting
• Set up small storage compartments between different workstations to ensure smooth workflow

• Regular short breaks and in-between exercise sessions

• • Encourage mutual communication to enhance understanding and work efficiency

• • Occupational Safety and Hygiene Training

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VIII. First Aid in Group 1 Occupational Safety Training Materials

1. Definition

First aid is the initial support and intervention by a rescuer for an injured or ill person due to accidents or sickness before medical assistance is available. First aid can be performed alone or with the help of others.

2. Purpose

• Minimize the deterioration of the injured person’s condition
• Promote the recovery process of the injured person

3. Importance of Initial First Aid

Time is critical in initial first aid. It determines whether a person recovers functionality or suffers permanent disability. It can decide the survival of the injured person.
Consequences of not providing timely first aid:

• Heart stops beating
• After 4 minutes → Brain damage occurs
• After 10 minutes → Irreversible brain damage

Note: To ensure the safety of the victim, the first aider, and bystanders during first aid, you must:

• Stay Calm – Act Quickly
• Immediately stop or disconnect the equipment causing the workplace accident
• Prevent danger to yourself first
• Prevent danger to others around
• Prevent danger to the victim
• Explain to the victim what you are doing so they can cooperate during first aid
• When calling emergency services, speak clearly, accurately, and concisely. Only end the call when the medical facility disconnects
• Do not move the victim under any circumstances without knowing the extent of the injury and without stabilizing wounds
• The first aider must not administer any medication without medical personnel’s instruction
• The first aider must not attempt to set broken bones or treat injuries incorrectly

4. Principles of Initial First Aid in Group 1 Occupational Safety Training Materials

Must act CALMLY – QUICKLY by performing the following six steps simultaneously:

• a. Assess, identify, and isolate hazards at the accident scene before approaching the victim to ensure the safety of the rescuer, bystanders, and the victim.
• b. When approaching the victim, evaluate their external condition and injuries to identify priority injuries. If:
  • The victim is conscious: Ask questions and provide reassurance to help the victim stay calm, and identify any injuries (if present)
  • The victim is unconscious or fainted: Examine the victim directly to identify other injuries (if any)

Note: Never move the victim under any circumstances without knowing the extent of their injuries.

• c. Call for help (if necessary)
• d. Call emergency services (115) or the nearest medical facility. Basic information to provide when calling for emergency assistance:
  • Location of the accident
  • Details and nature of the accident
  • Information on the victim’s injuries and condition
  • Information about hazards
  • Contact information

Note: Do not hang up the phone at the end of the call.

• e. Provide initial first aid
• f. Transfer the victim to the nearest medical facility

5. Initial First Aid Techniques in Group 1 Occupational Safety Training Materials

A. First Aid for Heatstroke and Heat Exhaustion

Heatstroke and heat exhaustion: are conditions of acute total body dehydration caused by working or being exposed to excessive heat outdoors, or in high-temperature environments such as mines or enclosed hot spaces, or performing prolonged strenuous activities where heat generated and absorbed exceeds the body’s ability to dissipate it.

Initial first aid for heatstroke and heat exhaustion includes resting in a cool area, drinking lightly salted water until thirst is quenched, applying cool compresses, using fans, taking cool baths, and avoiding direct application of ice to the skin or using antipyretic medication.

B. First Aid for Burns

Burns: injuries to the skin or other tissues caused by heat, electricity, chemicals, friction, or radiation. Burn degrees:

• First-degree burns: Cause minimal skin damage, also called superficial burns as they only affect the outermost layer of skin.

• Second-degree burns: More severe than first-degree burns as the injury extends into the lower skin layer, causing blisters, redness, and swelling. Some blisters may open, leaving the burn area moist. Initial first aid includes continuously running cool water over the burn or immersing it in water; if chemicals reach the eyes, rinse gently and repeatedly while blinking. Never apply any chemicals or solvents to the burn.

• Third-degree burns: The most severe type, affecting deeper layers, possibly reaching blood vessels, vital organs, and bones, and may be life-threatening. Initial first aid does not include self-treatment. Call emergency services immediately. While waiting, elevate the burned area above heart level. Do not remove clothing that sticks to the burn, but ensure clothing does not remain attached to the wound.

C. First Aid for Fractures

Fractures: the loss of bone continuity, ranging from hairline cracks to complete breaks. Causes include direct or indirect external force. Fractures are classified into closed and open types.

D. First Aid for Bleeding Wounds

Bleeding (hemorrhage) occurs when blood, including plasma and formed elements, escapes the circulatory system due to vessel rupture, causing external bleeding or internal pooling, or as a result of pathology.

Bleeding wounds commonly occur from traffic or domestic accidents, such as fractures puncturing blood vessels, lacerations, knife or weapon injuries, explosives, or firearms. Major vessel injuries can be fatal without prompt first aid.

Hemostasis must follow correct principles and techniques to preserve limbs and life. The first aider should choose the appropriate method based on wound type and bleeding severity, avoiding careless or incorrect application, especially when using a tourniquet. Hemostasis methods include tourniquet, pressure bandage, and direct pressure.

• Tourniquet: Place in the most visible position, closest to the wound. Prioritize transporting the victim to a hospital with a note of the application time. While applied, loosen the tourniquet every hour for a few minutes to allow blood flow below the wound, then retighten. Apply a tourniquet only when the limb is crushed beyond salvage, at a site near a hospital with transport under one hour, or temporarily before surgery.

• Pressure bandage: Use a roll of bandage or folded cloth to cover the wound and wrap tightly until bleeding stops. Elastic bandages are preferred. This method is simple, effective, and safe for the injured area.

• Direct pressure on artery: Use fingers to press the artery above the wound (closer to the heart) against bone. Common points: upper limb – behind clavicle for subclavian artery, armpit for axillary artery, inner elbow for radial/ulnar arteries; lower limb – mid-groin for femoral artery, popliteal fossa for popliteal artery, etc.

 

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IX. Additional Reference Materials for Group 1 Occupational Safety Training

Circular 53/2016/TT – MOLISA Promulgating the List of Machines, Equipment, Materials, and Substances with Strict Occupational Safety Requirements

MINISTRY OF LABOR – INVALIDS AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS	SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom – Happiness
No.: 53/2016/TT-MOLISA	Hanoi, December 28, 2016

CIRCULAR

PROMULGATING THE LIST OF MACHINES, EQUIPMENT, MATERIALS, AND SUBSTANCES WITH STRICT OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HYGIENE REQUIREMENTS

Based on the Law on Occupational Safety and Hygiene No. 84/2015/QH13 dated June 25, 2015;

Based on Decree No. 44/2016/ND-CP dated May 15, 2016 of the Government detailing certain provisions of the Law on Occupational Safety and Hygiene on technical safety inspection, safety training, hygiene, and workplace environment monitoring;

Based on Decree No. 106/2012/ND-CP dated December 20, 2012 of the Government defining the functions, tasks, powers, and organizational structure of the Ministry of Labor – Invalids and Social Affairs;

At the proposal of the Director General of the Department of Labor Safety;

The Minister of Labor – Invalids and Social Affairs issues this Circular promulgating the list of machines, equipment, materials, and substances with strict occupational safety and hygiene requirements.

Article 1. List of Machines, Equipment, Materials, and Substances with Strict Occupational Safety and Hygiene Requirements

The list issued with this Circular specifies machines, equipment, materials, and substances requiring strict occupational safety and hygiene control.

Article 2. Implementation

1. Based on socio-economic development and state management requirements, Ministries with authority over machines, equipment, materials, and substances as specified in Article 33 of the Law on Occupational Safety and Hygiene, when proposing amendments or supplements to the list, shall submit an official document to the Ministry of Labor – Invalids and Social Affairs including:

– Name of the machine, equipment, material, or substance to be amended or added, including scientific and commercial names (if any); – Evaluation of necessity, feasibility, and impact of the amendment or addition to the list (attach draft inspection procedures if available).

2. The Department of Labor Safety, MOLISA, is responsible for consolidating and reporting proposals to amend or supplement the list of machines, equipment, materials, and substances with strict occupational safety and hygiene requirements from other Ministries.
3. Departments of Labor – Invalids and Social Affairs of provinces and centrally-run cities shall coordinate with relevant agencies to disseminate and guide implementation of this Circular to enterprises, organizations, cooperatives, households, and individuals using machines, equipment, materials, or substances with strict occupational safety and hygiene requirements; compile annual reports on implementation along with reports on occupational safety and hygiene activities in their locality.

Article 3. Effective Date

1. This Circular takes effect from February 12, 2017.
2. Circular No. 05/2014/TT-MOLISA dated March 6, 2014 on the list of machines, equipment, and materials with strict occupational safety requirements is repealed as of the effective date of this Circular.
3. During implementation, if any difficulties arise, agencies, organizations, or individuals should promptly report in writing to MOLISA for consideration and resolution.

LIST

MACHINES, EQUIPMENT, MATERIALS, AND SUBSTANCES WITH STRICT OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HYGIENE REQUIREMENTS
(Issued together with Circular 53/2016/TT-MOLISA dated December 28, 2016 of MOLISA)

No.	MACHINES, EQUIPMENT, MATERIALS, AND SUBSTANCES WITH STRICT OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HYGIENE REQUIREMENTS
Section I	Machines, equipment, and materials with strict occupational safety requirements
1	Boilers of all types (including superheaters and water heaters) with a rated steam working pressure above 0.7 bar; water heating boilers with medium temperature above 115°C.
2	Oil heating boilers.
3	Steam and hot water piping systems, Grade I and II, with external diameters from 51mm upward; Grade III and IV pipes with external diameters from 76mm upward, as classified in Vietnamese Standards TCVN 6158:1996 and TCVN 6159:1996.
4	Pressure vessels with a rated working pressure higher than 0.7 bar (excluding hydrostatic pressure) according to Vietnamese Standard TCVN 8366:2010, and pressure vessels with a rated working pressure above 210 bar.
5	Tanks, containers (tanks), and barrels used to store or transport liquefied gases, liquefied petroleum gas, compressed natural gas, or liquids with a working pressure higher than 0.7 bar, or liquids/solids in powder form without pressure but discharged using gas with pressure higher than 0.7 bar, according to Vietnamese Standard TCVN 8366:2010.
6	Cylinders used to store or transport compressed gas, liquefied gas, compressed natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, or dissolved gases with working pressure above 0.7 bar.
7	Systems for supplying, preparing, and charging compressed gas, liquefied gas, liquefied petroleum gas, and dissolved gases.
8	Fixed gas pipelines, offshore gas pipelines; medical gas pipelines.
9	Refrigeration systems according to Vietnamese Standard TCVN 6104:2015, except for systems using water or air as the working medium; systems with refrigerant charge below 5kg for Group 1 refrigerants, below 2.5kg for Group 2 refrigerants, no limit for Group 3 refrigerants.
10	Cranes of all types: truck cranes, wheeled cranes, crawler cranes, tower cranes, rail cranes, and portal cranes.
11	Overhead cranes: gantry cranes, suspended cranes.
12	Portal cranes: full portal cranes, semi-portal cranes.
13	Cargo cableways; passenger cableways; cables in construction machinery, inclined shaft hoists, vertical shaft hoists.
14	Electric hoists; manual hoists with lifting capacity from 1,000 kg or more.
15	Electric trolleys running on rails.
16	Electric hoists for lifting or pulling loads on an incline; lifting tables; lifting platforms; platforms for lifting personnel; hoists for lifting personnel to work at heights.
17	Manual hoists with lifting capacity from 1,000 kg or more.
18	Motorized forklifts with lifting capacity from 1,000 kg or more.
19	Aerial work platforms: self-propelled lifts, lifts using hydraulic drive or chain drive, lifting personnel above 2 meters.
20	Freight elevators; freight elevators with personnel; personnel lifts; construction hoists.
21	Elevators of all types.
22	Escalators; people conveyors.
23	Mobile performance platforms.
24	Amusement devices: roller coasters, carousels, slides carrying people above 2 meters, with speed above 3 m/s relative to fixed floor, excluding sports equipment.
25	Aerial cableway systems for transporting people.
26	Hoists and hoisting drums with lifting capacity from 1,000 kg or more used in underground mining.
27	Single hydraulic props, mobile frame supports, and self-propelled support systems using single hydraulic props in underground mine support.
28	Internal combustion engines (crankcase volume over 0.6 m3 or cylinder diameter over 200mm).
29	Explosion-proof transformers.
30	Explosion-proof electric motors.
31	Explosion-proof distribution and switching equipment (contactors, soft starters, circuit breakers, automatic switches, inverters, residual current relays).
32	Explosion-proof control equipment (control panels, push-button boxes).
33	Explosion-proof generators.
34	Explosion-proof electrical cables.
35	Explosion-proof lighting.
36	Electric detonators.
37	Sliding formwork systems.
38	Climbing formwork systems.
39	Steel framework sliding formwork systems.
40	Drilling machines, pile driving machines, and specialized pile driving machines with hoisting systems.
41	Concrete pumps.
42	Machinery for tunnel and underground construction: machines and equipment for open-cut technology; machines and equipment for closed excavation technology; shield tunneling machines and shield assemblies; machines for underground concrete works.
43	Steel scaffolding; composite props and columns.
44	Suspended platforms for personnel used in construction.
45	Radio stations with maximum output power of 150W or higher.
46	Television stations with maximum output power of 150W or higher.
Section II	Machines, equipment, and materials with strict occupational safety requirements specific to military use
1	Explosives of all types.
2	Detonation devices (detonators, detonating cords, time fuses, etc.).
3	Cables and optical cables for hoisting equipment 3f-24.40; 3f-24.50; ƃFMИ 468929.058.
4	Optical hoisting equipment 3f-10.36-04.
5	Load testing device 8E088.
6	MC-35004 device / MC-35030 equipment set.
7	Missile transport vehicle K350-110.
8	Drying and cooling station YXHC f55-70MЭ.
9	Dismantling supports K350-60.
10	Crane beam K350-14-01.
11	Cylinder system and Nitrogen piping network.
12	Stations and storage, filling, and preparation systems for high-purity liquid and gaseous Nitrogen up to 98% purity.
13	Nitrogen gas cylinders for 9Õ-117M launch vehicle.
14	Missile container crane cable set.
15	Missile crane bar P-15UÕY9513-0.
16	Missile container crane cable; launch engine Õ9510-10A; warhead Õ9590-0; warhead in case C1.42-00.
17	Air compressors ДK-9M and ЭK-9.
18	Stabilizing devices for propellant and explosives (Linter device; Hecxozen device; Nitrocellulose (NC) stabilizing device).
19	Reaction equipment in propellant and explosive production lines (Nitroglycerin production equipment; Nitrocellulose (NC) production equipment; Dinitrotoluene (DNT) production equipment; Tetraxen acid production equipment; Lead Stipnat acid production equipment).
20	Pressure vessels containing raw materials for explosive materials (pressure drums for transporting Na2CO3; DNT; Na2SO4; Na2SO3).
21	Explosive pressing and loading devices in propellant and explosive production: mechanical devices (precision presses, 10-position presses); hydraulic devices (hydraulic presses, percussion powder presses, black powder presses).
22	Mixing devices for propellant and explosive production lines: drum mixers (detonating cord powder mixers, black powder grinders, Amonite grinders, soluble powder mixers); shaking mixers (TEN powder sifting machines, black powder dust removal and granulation machines, black powder granulators, powder sifting machines); paddle mixers (explosive compound mixers, wet explosive mixers, gum and powder mixers).
23	Assembly, vibration, and percussion devices for warheads and primers: shock testing machines, impact testers, bullet withdrawal and crimping machines, devices for disassembling fuses and tail tubes of B40 grenades.
24	Bullet de-rusting machines.
25	Compressed-air bullet clamping devices.
26	Pressure increase/decrease chambers; high-pressure air filters; pressure chambers for training and rehabilitation of combat divers.
27	Compressed air stations YKC; VZ20/350; oxygen station AKZC 75M; Nitrogen station UGZCIA.
28	Cranes for lifting torpedoes, missiles, boats on ships, or islands.
29	Missile handling beams.
30	PMP ferry bridge lifting systems (hoists for lifting/lowering).
31	Devices for lifting bombs and ammunition (electric hoists; manual hoists with lifting capacity from 500 kg or more).
32	Electric and manual hoists used for lifting or pulling loads in propellant and explosive workshops.
33	Bomb and ammunition forklifts.
34	Parachute seat cranes.

 

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