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Explore this in-depth occupational safety guide for the steel manufacturing industry. Learn about protective measures, safety procedures, and the necessary standards to ensure a safe and effective working environment in this crucial industry.

Table of Contents

PART I: CURRENT STATE OF SAFETY IN THE STEEL PRODUCTION INDUSTRY

I. General Situation

The Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs informs sectors and localities of the occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 and outlines key solutions to proactively prevent incidents and accidents in the last 6 months of 2024. According to reports from 61 out of 63 centrally governed provinces and cities, in the first 6 months of 2024, there were a total of 3,201 occupational accidents nationwide (a decrease of 227 cases, equivalent to 7.09% compared to the same period in 2023), resulting in 3,065 victims (a decrease of 197 people, equivalent to 6.04% compared to the first 6 months of 2023), including both employees under labor contracts and those working without labor contracts. Specifically:

Number of fatal occupational accidents: 320 cases, a decrease of 25 cases (7.25%) compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 245 cases in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 28 cases or 10.3%; and 75 cases in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 3 cases or 4.2% compared to the first 6 months of 2023);
Number of deaths due to occupational accidents: 346 people, a decrease of 7 people or 1.98% compared to the same period in 2023 (including 268 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 13 people or 4.63%; and 78 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 6 people or 8.33%).
Number of people seriously injured: 810 people, an increase of 26 people or 3.32% compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 710 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 5 people or 0.7%; and 100 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 31 people or 44.92%).

Download the PDF file Occupational Accident Report – First 6 Months of 2024 issued by the Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs.

The occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 in both sectors with and without labor relations saw a decrease in the number of deaths and fatal accidents compared to the same period in 2023.

II. Some occupational accidents in steel factories

A steel factory is one of the most hazardous work environments due to the presence of heavy machinery and complex production processes. Below are some notable occupational accidents that have occurred in steel factories:

Collision with machinery: During operation, workers often have to work near large and heavy machinery. Accidents can occur when workers are inattentive and are hit by machinery or moving parts.
Risk of fire and explosion: The contact between metal and flammable materials easily creates a risk of fire and explosion in a steel factory. The use and handling of chemicals such as coolants and oils can also create a risk of fire and explosion if not done correctly.
Danger from hot materials: The steel production process often involves working with hot materials such as molten steel and hot liquids. Workers may face the risk of burns or serious injuries if they do not follow safety rules when working with these materials.
Amputation injuries: Using cutting and metalworking tools can pose a risk of amputation or serious injury to workers if they do not follow safety rules and do not use personal protective measures.
Risk of collision during transportation: During the transportation of steel or other materials, traffic accidents or collisions between transport vehicles and workers can occur.

The accidents above are just a small fraction of the dangers that workers in steel factories face every day. To minimize risks and protect the health of workers, adhering to safety rules and regular training on occupational safety is very important.

PART II: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH IN STEEL PRODUCTION

I. Occupational safety and health for employees operating a steel raw material furnace

1. Characteristics of the work of operating a steel raw material furnace

The characteristics of the work of operating a steel raw material furnace require patience, technical skill, and meticulous observation. Operators must be able to adjust important parameters such as temperature, pressure, and gas flow, ensuring the heating process is stable and effective.

They also need to monitor the quality indicators of the raw materials and the final product, evaluating and adjusting the process as necessary to ensure the product meets standards. In addition, safety is a crucial factor; employees must adhere to occupational safety rules and know how to respond to emergencies such as toxic gas leaks, equipment failures, or fires. At the same time, they also need to have good teamwork skills to ensure the production process runs smoothly and safely.

2. Types of occupational accidents during the operation of a steel raw material furnace

During the operation of a steel raw material furnace, various types of occupational accidents can occur, requiring vigilance and strict adherence to safety measures. One of the most common accidents is fire or explosion due to electrical or gas system failures.

In addition, the risk of injury from falling objects or from moving heavy loads is also an issue that needs attention. Incidents with equipment or machinery can also cause accidents. For those working directly with the furnace, the risk of burns or chemical contamination is also a major concern.

To minimize risks, training and educating employees about occupational safety is extremely important, along with regular maintenance and inspection of equipment and safety systems.

3. Causes of occupational accidents when operating a steel raw material furnace

Occupational accidents during the operation of a steel raw material furnace can be caused by many different reasons. One of the main causes is failures during the operation and maintenance of the equipment. If the equipment is not regularly inspected or properly maintained, sudden breakdowns can occur, causing accidents.

Failures in the electrical system, gas system, or other systems can also lead to serious accidents. Another cause is the failure to follow proper occupational safety procedures. Employees may ignore safety regulations or not use protective equipment correctly, leading to unwanted accidents.

Furthermore, a lack of understanding of the work process and how to handle emergency situations can also contribute to incidents. To minimize risks, training, education, and strict adherence to safety regulations are very important.

4. Preventive measures against occupational accidents when operating a steel raw material furnace

To prevent occupational accidents when operating a steel raw material furnace, implementing occupational safety measures is extremely important. First and foremost, a comprehensive and regular occupational safety training program must be conducted for all employees involved in the furnace operation process. This training should include education on hazards and preventive measures, as well as how to handle emergencies.

Second, the regular maintenance and inspection of safety equipment and systems, such as the electrical system, gas system, and protective equipment, is essential. Regular maintenance helps to detect and rectify problems before they cause serious consequences.

Third, it is necessary to establish and strictly implement safe work procedures. This includes adhering to occupational safety regulations, using protective equipment correctly, and implementing risk prevention measures.

5. Occupational safety regulations when operating a steel raw material furnace

Occupational safety regulations when operating a steel raw material furnace are a crucial part of the production process. First, all employees involved in furnace operation must be trained on the risks and accident prevention measures. This includes guidance on the proper use of personal protective equipment, such as helmets, safety glasses, gloves, and heat-resistant shoes.

Second, occupational safety regulations must be strictly implemented. This may include following specific safety procedures during operation, such as pre-start safety checks, adhering to emergency response procedures, and not working alone when there is a significant risk.

Finally, maintaining a clean and organized work environment is very important. This includes keeping the work area clean, installing warning signs and safety instructions, and ensuring easy access to fire extinguishers and firefighting equipment.

6. Handling emergency occupational accidents when operating a steel raw material furnace

Handling an emergency occupational accident during the operation of a steel raw material furnace requires vigilance and quick response skills. When an accident occurs, the first thing is to immediately notify management and colleagues near the accident area. At the same time, the fire and emergency systems should be activated immediately.

Next, the situation needs to be checked and assessed to determine the scope of the accident and the level of danger. If someone is injured, provide immediate first aid and call for an ambulance or medical services for further assistance.

During the accident handling process, protecting oneself and colleagues from potential risks is also very important. Ensure that everyone is moved out of the danger zone and follows safety instructions.

II. Occupational safety and health for employees casting steel from molten iron heated in a steel furnace to create specific products, such as steel plates, steel pipes, or steel bars.

1. Characteristics of the work of casting steel from molten iron heated in a steel furnace to create specific products, such as steel plates, steel pipes, or steel bars.

The process of casting steel from molten iron via a steel furnace is a complex and multi-step technological process. In this process, molten iron from the smelting furnace is transferred to the steel furnace, where a high temperature is maintained to make the molten iron malleable and easy to form, creating conditions for the casting process. The final products, such as steel plates, steel pipes, or steel bars, are created by pouring the molten iron into appropriate molds.

One of the main characteristics of this process is its high precision and the ability to create steel products with specific sizes and shapes as required. This requires careful attention and quality control throughout the casting process.

In addition, the steel casting process also requires a solid understanding of the materials and chemical components of the steel to ensure that the final product meets standards for hardness, durability, and heat resistance.

Another important factor is occupational safety, as this process involves working with high temperatures and heavy equipment. This requires specific safety measures to be implemented to ensure the safety of the employees involved in the steel casting process.

2. Types of occupational accidents during the process of casting steel from molten iron in a steel furnace to create specific products, such as steel plates, steel pipes, or steel bars.

During the process of casting steel from molten iron via a steel furnace, there are many potential occupational hazards and types of accidents that employees need to be aware of. One of the biggest risks is accidents due to exposure to high temperatures. Working near steel furnaces can cause serious health problems such as heatstroke, exhaustion, and even burns if safety measures are not followed.

In addition, the materials and chemicals used in the steel casting process can also be harmful to health if not handled properly. For example, toxic gases can be generated from the process of melting molten iron, and working near heavy metals can pose a toxic risk to the respiratory system and skin.

Furthermore, machinery accidents are also a major risk in this work environment. Working with cutting, pressing, or casting equipment can lead to accidents such as finger entrapment, cuts, crushing, or even death if safe work procedures are not followed.

Finally, it is also necessary to be aware of physical hazards in the work environment, including the risk of accidents with heavy materials falling from heights or from moving equipment in the production area.

3. Causes of occupational accidents when casting steel from molten iron in a steel furnace to create specific products, such as steel plates, steel pipes, or steel bars.

There are many causes of occupational accidents during the process of casting steel from molten iron via a steel furnace. One of the main causes is a lack of understanding or improper adherence to occupational safety procedures. Working near hot equipment and large machinery can cause accidents if employees are not fully trained on how to work safely or do not follow work procedures.

Another cause is a lack of effective safety management. A lack of quality control during the production process and the failure to implement necessary protective measures can lead to accidents. If there are no periodic inspection and maintenance procedures for machinery and equipment, they can become unsafe or cause sudden breakdowns during work.

Third, production pressure is also a significant cause. When production pressure is high, it can lead to working too fast, a lack of concentration, and bypassing safety measures to complete the job quickly, which can increase the risk of accidents.

4. Preventive measures against occupational accidents when casting steel from molten iron in a steel furnace to create specific products, such as steel plates, steel pipes, or steel bars.

To prevent occupational accidents during the process of casting steel from molten iron via a steel furnace and creating products such as steel plates, steel pipes, or steel bars, several safety and occupational environment management measures should be applied. First, ensuring that all employees are fully trained on occupational safety procedures and accident prevention measures is important. This includes training on the use of personal protective equipment and how to perform work safely.

Occupational environment monitoring plays an important role in detecting and minimizing risks for employees. The use of monitoring equipment to measure factors such as temperature, pressure, the concentration of toxic gases in the air, and exposure to chemical compounds helps to identify risks and implement appropriate preventive measures.

In addition, periodic inspections and maintenance should be performed for equipment and machinery in the production process. Maintaining stable equipment operation not only minimizes the risk of sudden breakdowns but also ensures the safety of employees working near them.

5. Occupational safety regulations when casting steel from molten iron in a steel furnace to create specific products, such as steel plates, steel pipes, or steel bars.

Occupational safety regulations during the process of casting steel from molten iron via a steel furnace are extremely important to ensure the safety of employees and the work environment. In this work environment, adequate and appropriate personal protective measures are required, including the use of safety glasses, helmets, insulated gloves, and heat-resistant protective clothing.

In addition, adherence to specific safety procedures is extremely important. These procedures include safety procedures when working near steel furnaces, safe operation procedures for machinery and equipment, and procedures for handling and transporting hazardous materials such as molten iron and chemicals.

Safe work areas must be established and hazardous warning signs provided so that employees can recognize and stay away from potential risks. At the same time, periodic inspections and maintenance for equipment and machinery must also be performed to ensure they operate safely and efficiently.

Finally, training and educating employees on safety regulations is important. All employees need to be trained on how to perform their work safely and know how to react correctly in the event of an incident.

6. Handling emergency occupational accidents when casting steel from molten iron in a steel furnace to create specific products, such as steel plates, steel pipes, or steel bars.

Handling an emergency occupational accident during the process of casting steel from molten iron via a steel furnace is an important part of the occupational safety plan. In the event of an accident, a quick and effective response can minimize losses and ensure the safety of employees.

First, the most important thing is to ensure your own safety and that of others. If there is a risk of danger to yourself, employees need to leave the dangerous location and warn others in the area.

After that, call for emergency services immediately and report the situation. Providing accurate and detailed information about the accident helps rescue teams arrive quickly and implement rescue measures effectively.

While waiting for assistance from rescue teams, employees should perform first aid measures if possible. This may include providing first aid and handling the medical condition of the victim, but safety procedures must be followed to ensure no further danger is caused to oneself and others.

Finally, after the situation is under control, a detailed investigation into the cause of the accident must be conducted, and preventive measures should be considered to ensure that the incident does not recur in the future.

III. Occupational safety and health for employees shaping steel by cutting, bending, or mechanical processing to achieve the desired shape and size.

1. Characteristics of the work of shaping steel by cutting, bending, or mechanical processing to achieve the desired shape and size.

The process of shaping steel through cutting, bending, or mechanical processing is a complex but important procedure in the metal industry. This technique requires meticulousness and precision to achieve the desired shape and size of the final product.

First of all, the cutting process involves using specialized tools such as plasma cutters or laser cutters to create steel pieces with the necessary size and shape. Next, the bending process requires the use of professional bending machines to transform flat steel sheets into complex curved and bent shapes.

Finally, the mechanical processing procedure uses machining tools such as milling machines and lathes to cut, grind, and shape steel details according to specific requirements. All of these steps require precision and tight control to ensure that the final product meets the technical and design requirements.

2. Types of occupational accidents during the process of shaping steel by cutting, bending, or mechanical processing to achieve the desired shape and size.

During the process of shaping steel through cutting, bending, or mechanical processing, many occupational accident risks can occur. One of the most common risks is cutting and puncture accidents, when workers come into direct contact with cutting machines or sharp tools.

In addition, bending accidents can also occur when safety procedures are not followed and protective equipment is not used. Failures in the machinery system are also a cause of accidents, such as the falling of machine parts or sudden technical failures. Furthermore, accidents from using mechanical processing machines can occur due to unsafe operation or technical failures of the machinery.

To minimize occupational accidents, training and strict adherence to safety regulations are very important, along with periodic inspection and maintenance of equipment and machinery systems.

3. Causes of occupational accidents when shaping steel by cutting, bending, or mechanical processing to achieve the desired shape and size.

There are many causes of occupational accidents during the process of shaping steel by cutting, bending, or mechanical processing. One of the main causes is the lack of knowledge and skill of the workers in using the machinery and tools. This lack of knowledge can lead to the improper use of equipment, causing serious accidents.

Second, unsafe working conditions also play a significant role in causing accidents. For example, not having enough workspace to operate machinery safely or not ensuring protective factors such as safety glasses, masks, or protective gloves.

In addition, environmental factors such as insufficient lighting, excessive noise, or polluted air can also contribute to an increased risk of occupational accidents. Finally, non-compliance with safety procedures and regulations on the use of equipment can also lead to unfortunate accidents. To minimize the risk of accidents, training, raising safety awareness, and maintaining a safe work environment are extremely important.

4. Preventive measures against occupational accidents when shaping steel by cutting, bending, or mechanical processing to achieve the desired shape and size.

To ensure the safety of workers during the process of shaping steel by cutting, bending, or mechanical processing, several occupational accident prevention measures should be applied. The first is to ensure that all workers are fully trained on safe work procedures and how to use equipment correctly. This may include providing safety courses, practical guidance, and ensuring that everyone clearly understands the potential risks and preventive measures.

Second, the regular maintenance and inspection of equipment and machinery is also very important. It is necessary to regularly inspect and maintain the machinery to ensure it operates correctly and safely. In addition, the use of personal protective equipment such as safety glasses, masks, gloves, and special shoes should be promoted and strictly followed.

Furthermore, creating a safe work environment is the responsibility of both the factory and the construction site. This includes arranging the workspace in a clean and tidy manner, providing adequate lighting and ventilation, as well as minimizing noise and other environmental factors that could pose a risk to the health and safety of workers.

5. Occupational safety regulations when shaping steel by cutting, bending, or mechanical processing to achieve the desired shape and size.

Occupational safety regulations are a crucial factor in ensuring the safety and protecting the health of workers during the process of shaping steel by cutting, bending, or mechanical processing. First, it is necessary to establish clear and transparent safety procedures, including instructions on how to use equipment and machinery safely and effectively. Workers need to be fully trained on the safety measures to be taken and know how to handle emergency situations when necessary.

In addition, ensuring that all equipment and machinery are regularly maintained and safety-checked before use is essential. It is necessary to comply with regulations on the use of personal protective equipment such as safety glasses, masks, gloves, and special shoes to protect eyes, face, hands, and feet from the risk of injury.

Furthermore, implementing control of the work environment is also an important part of occupational safety regulations. This includes controlling noise, lighting, and other environmental factors that may affect the health and safety of workers. By complying with occupational safety regulations, workers in the steel industry can work more safely and effectively.

6. Handling emergency occupational accidents when shaping steel by cutting, bending, or mechanical processing to achieve the desired shape and size.

Handling an emergency occupational accident is a crucial part of the occupational safety process when shaping steel. First and foremost, workers must be trained in basic first aid measures and know how to handle an emergency when an accident occurs. They need to know how to use first aid equipment and apply first aid measures correctly to keep themselves and their colleagues safe.

Second, an emergency notification and alarm system needs to be established and maintained. Work areas should be equipped with alarm panels and notification systems to inform everyone when an incident occurs. In addition, there should be a clear emergency evacuation plan, and everyone should know how to execute it in case of need.

Finally, reporting and investigating occupational accidents is also very important to prevent recurrence and improve the occupational safety system. Everyone needs to know that they have a responsibility to report any accident or safety incident and to assist in the investigation process to determine the cause and apply preventive measures in the future.

IV. Occupational safety and health for employees packaging and transporting finished steel products

1. Characteristics of the work of packaging and transporting finished steel products

The characteristics of the work of packaging and transporting finished steel products are very important in the steel production industry. This process requires care and extensive knowledge of the properties and characteristics of steel. When packaging, steel products need to be protected against impact and contamination. This work often involves using various wrapping materials such as paper, shrink wrap, and foam to protect the surface of the steel from scratches and damage during transportation.

Arrangement and labeling are also important steps to ensure ease of handling and distribution. During transportation, the process must be carried out carefully to avoid impacts and deformation of the product, especially with long and heavy steel plates. This work requires professionalism and the use of appropriate transportation means, ensuring safety and cost-effectiveness. In summary, the work of packaging and transporting finished steel products requires attention to every detail to ensure the quality and performance of the final product.

2. Types of occupational accidents during the process of packaging and transporting finished steel products

During the process of packaging and transporting finished steel products, many types of occupational accidents can occur. One of the main risks is accidents from collisions, when steel plates or wrapping materials are not handled carefully. This can lead to injury to the worker or damage to the product.

In addition, moving and lifting heavy steel products can lead to back pain or falling accidents, especially when not using proper lifting assistance equipment. Punctures from sharp edges or steel materials can cause wounds or cuts. Furthermore, the use of machinery and transport equipment also poses a risk of accidents if safety rules are not followed and they are not used correctly.

To minimize risks, training and adherence to occupational safety regulations are very important in every process of producing and transporting finished steel products.

3. Causes of occupational accidents when packaging and transporting finished steel products

There are many causes of occupational accidents during the process of packaging and transporting finished steel products. One of the main causes is a lack of knowledge or improper adherence to occupational safety procedures. When workers are not fully trained on the methods and safety rules for working with steel and related equipment, the risk of accidents increases significantly.

A lack of attention and care is also a common cause of accidents. When working in an industrial environment, a momentary lapse of concentration or carelessness can lead to a serious accident.

Factors in the work environment also play an important role. A slippery or uneven workshop floor, poor lighting, and insufficient workspace can also create favorable conditions for accidents to occur.

4. Preventive measures against occupational accidents when packaging and transporting finished steel products

To prevent occupational accidents during the process of packaging and transporting finished steel products, safety measures must be applied fully and strictly. First of all, ensuring that all employees are trained in occupational safety and clearly understand the risks they may face is extremely important. At the same time, establishing and maintaining specific safety procedures for each step in the packaging and transportation process is also necessary.

Using occupational protective equipment such as helmets, safety glasses, gloves, and non-slip shoes is an important step to minimize risks. Lifting assistance equipment should also be used to reduce the risk of injuries related to moving and lifting heavy steel products.

Ensuring a safe work environment by maintaining a clean, flat, and non-slippery workshop floor is crucial. Adequate lighting and electrical safety measures should also be noted to reduce the risk of accidents.

5. Occupational safety regulations when packaging and transporting finished steel products

Occupational safety regulations during the process of packaging and transporting finished steel products are essential to ensure a safe work environment and minimize the risk of accidents. These regulations typically include ensuring that all employees are trained in occupational safety and clearly understand the risks they may face during work.

In addition, the use of occupational protective equipment such as helmets, safety glasses, gloves, and non-slip shoes is also specifically regulated. These regulations often require employees to ensure that they use protective equipment appropriate for the type of work and the specific risks they are facing.

Furthermore, regulations on safety in moving and transporting steel products must also be strictly followed. This may include using appropriate transport vehicles, adhering to regulations on load capacity and product arrangement, as well as ensuring that all moving equipment is regularly maintained and inspected.

6. Handling emergency occupational accidents when packaging and transporting finished steel products

In the event of an emergency occupational accident during the process of packaging and transporting finished steel products, handling the situation quickly and accurately is very important to ensure the safety of all employees and minimize losses.

First of all, the worker must report the incident immediately to the manager or occupational safety officer. This helps to activate the emergency response plan and send for an ambulance as soon as possible.

After that, it is necessary to provide the necessary assistance to the injured. This may include basic first aid such as applying bandages or medical connectors, as well as transferring the injured person to the nearest medical facility for examination and care.

At the same time, it is necessary to investigate the cause of the accident and implement preventive measures to avoid recurrence in the future. This includes reviewing work procedures and retraining employees on occupational safety measures.