Home > Occupational safety training > Study and get certified > Occupational safety knowledge > Occupational safety documents > Safety Document Group 3 > Occupational Safety Document for Operating Wheel Cranes

Category Map

DOWNLOAD THE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY DOCUMENT SET (6 GROUPS, OVER 300 PROFESSIONS)

Ensuring Safety When Using Wheel Cranes: Guidelines and Regulations. Discover the occupational safety document for operating wheel cranes, including preventive measures and safety procedures. Protect employees and maintain equipment with detailed instructions and important tips.

Table of Contents

PART I: CURRENT STATE OF SAFETY WORK FOR JOBS RELATED TO WHEEL CRANES

I. General Situation

The Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs informs sectors and localities of the occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 and outlines key solutions to proactively prevent incidents and accidents in the last 6 months of 2024. According to reports from 61 out of 63 centrally governed provinces and cities, in the first 6 months of 2024, there were a total of 3,201 occupational accidents nationwide (a decrease of 227 cases, equivalent to 7.09% compared to the same period in 2023), resulting in 3,065 victims (a decrease of 197 people, equivalent to 6.04% compared to the first 6 months of 2023), including both employees under labor contracts and those working without labor contracts. Specifically:

Number of fatal occupational accidents: 320 cases, a decrease of 25 cases (7.25%) compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 245 cases in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 28 cases or 10.3%; and 75 cases in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 3 cases or 4.2% compared to the first 6 months of 2023);
Number of deaths due to occupational accidents: 346 people, a decrease of 7 people or 1.98% compared to the same period in 2023 (including 268 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 13 people or 4.63%; and 78 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 6 people or 8.33%).
Number of people seriously injured: 810 people, an increase of 26 people or 3.32% compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 710 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 5 people or 0.7%; and 100 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 31 people or 44.92%).

Download the PDF file Occupational Accident Report – First 6 Months of 2024 issued by the Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs.

The occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 in both sectors with and without labor relations saw a decrease in the number of deaths and fatal accidents compared to the same period in 2023.

II. Some Occupational Accidents When Operating Wheel Cranes

Operating wheel cranes is a job that requires professional skills and extreme caution. However, during this process, many occupational accidents have occurred, causing severe damage to workers and the work environment. Below are some notable accidents when operating wheel cranes:

Falls from height: One of the main risks when operating a wheel crane is falling from a height. When safety procedures are not followed or equipment is used improperly, workers can lose balance or slip, leading to a fall from above. This can cause serious injury or even death.
Collisions and impacts: Wheel cranes often move in complex work environments and may encounter obstacles or difficult terrain. When the crane is not controlled, the risk of collision or impact with structures, other workers, or surrounding materials is very high.
Technical failures: Industrial equipment like wheel cranes needs regular maintenance to ensure safe and effective operation. When maintenance is not performed correctly, technical faults can occur during operation, leading to unwanted accidents.
Operator error: The operator plays a crucial role in ensuring safety when operating a wheel crane. Lack of attention, negligence, or failure to follow safety procedures can lead to serious accidents, affecting not only themselves but also threatening the safety of other workers in the area.
Lack of training and safety awareness: Workers need to be fully trained on how to use wheel cranes and related safety measures. A lack of knowledge and safety awareness can lead to unsafe actions, increasing the risk of accidents.

To minimize the risk of occupational accidents when operating wheel cranes, it is crucial to adhere to safety procedures, ensure regular technical maintenance, and provide adequate training for workers. Only by fully implementing these safety measures can we ensure a safe and effective work environment.

PART II: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH WHEN OPERATING WHEEL CRANES

I. Introduction

A. Overview of the Importance of Occupational Safety When Operating Wheel Cranes

Occupational safety during the operation of wheel cranes plays an extremely important role in the safety and efficiency of the work environment. Adherence to safety regulations and procedures not only helps protect the health and lives of workers but also minimizes the risk of equipment damage, material loss, and negative impacts on business production.

Operating a wheel crane requires a high degree of concentration and professional skill from the operator. At the same time, understanding and correctly following safety procedures is necessary to avoid unwanted accidents. Safety measures such as checking equipment before use, ensuring a safe work environment, and training workers on the proper use of equipment all play a vital role in reducing the risk of accidents.

Furthermore, maintaining high safety standards also contributes to enhancing the organization’s reputation and minimizing legal risks. A commitment to occupational safety is not only a moral obligation but also a decisive factor in the success and sustainability of a business in today’s era.

B. Important Safety Protocols and Regulations When Operating Wheel Cranes

When operating wheel cranes, adhering to safety protocols and regulations is extremely important to ensure the safety of workers and the work environment. Among the key factors, conducting regular pre-use inspections, ensuring a safe work environment, and making sure the operator is fully trained on using the crane are regulations that cannot be ignored.

The pre-use inspection protocol must be carried out thoroughly to detect and fix technical issues that could cause danger during operation. This includes checking the control system, hydraulic system, and other main components of the crane. If any issues are found, they must be repaired or replaced before continuing use.

Besides that, ensuring a safe work environment is undeniable. This requires monitoring factors such as level ground, spacious and clean workspace, as well as removing materials or obstacles in the crane’s work area.

II. Components and Functions of Wheel Cranes

A. The Different Components of a Wheel Crane

Crane System: This is the main part of the crane, designed to lift and move heavy materials. The crane system includes the boom, cables, and lifting mechanism.
Chassis: The chassis is the main load-bearing structure of the vehicle, holding the various components together and supporting the weight of the crane and its load.
Steering and Control System: Including the steering wheel, steering system, and controls, this system allows the operator to accurately control the vehicle’s movement and crane operations.
Operating System: Including the engine and transmission, this system provides power and controls the vehicle’s movement.
Suspension and Wheel System: Ensures the stability and smooth movement of the vehicle on all types of terrain. The wheels are typically designed to withstand heavy loads and operate stably.

B. Structure and Operating Principle of Wheel Cranes

A wheel crane is an industrial device designed to lift and move heavy materials in various work environments. The structure of a wheel crane typically includes the following components:

Main Frame: The main frame of the wheel crane is the primary load-bearing structure of the equipment, helping to support the weight of the crane and the load. The frame is usually made of high-strength steel to ensure durability and stability.
Crane System: The crane system includes the boom, cables, and lifting mechanism. The boom is mounted on the main frame and can move in different directions to lift and lower materials. Cables are typically used to connect the boom to the load.
Steering and Control System: This is the part of the crane that the operator uses to control and move the vehicle. It includes the steering wheel, steering system, and controls for the crane’s movements.

The operating principle of a wheel crane is based on using a power source to generate lifting and moving force. When the operator uses the controls, the control system activates the engine to create the necessary force to move the boom and lift the load. In this way, the wheel crane can perform lifting and moving tasks effectively in an industrial work environment.

C. Applications in the Construction Industry of Wheel Cranes

Lifting and Moving Materials: Wheel cranes can easily and efficiently lift and move construction materials such as sand, gravel, bricks, and other building materials. This helps reduce the time and effort needed to transport materials from one place to another on a construction site.
High-Rise Construction: In the construction of high-rise buildings such as office buildings, apartment complexes, or industrial structures, wheel cranes are used to transport and lift necessary materials to upper floors. This helps speed up construction and reduce labor costs.
Installation of Large Structures: Wheel cranes are also used to install large structures such as columns, beams, and steel frames. With their high lifting capacity and precise control, wheel cranes ensure that installation is carried out safely and effectively.

D. Risks Associated with Operating Wheel Cranes

Risk of Falling from Height: Operators and other personnel may face the risk of falling from a height when working on or near the crane. Loss of balance, slipping, or failure to follow safety procedures can lead to serious accidents.
Collisions and Impacts: During movement, the wheel crane can collide with or impact surrounding materials, structures, or other workers. This can cause injuries or damage to both the crane and the work environment.
Working with Excessive Loads: Operating a wheel crane with a load exceeding its limit can lead to technical failure and the risk of an accident. If the crane is not designed or maintained properly to handle high loads, unexpected incidents can occur.
Operator Error: The operator can cause accidents due to negligence, inattention, or failure to follow safety procedures. Incorrectly controlling the crane or working under the influence of stimulants can also lead to serious accidents.
Harsh Weather and Working Conditions: In harsh working environments such as bad weather or difficult terrain, operating a wheel crane becomes more dangerous. Caution and readiness to respond to unexpected situations are very important in these cases.

III. Safety Inspection and Maintenance Before Operating Wheel Cranes

A. Safety Check Before Operating a Wheel Crane

Check the control system: Ensure that all controls and switches on the control panel are working correctly. Check functions like starting, stopping, and other operating modes to ensure they are functioning normally.
Check the crane system: Ensure that the crane operates correctly and shows no signs of damage or technical faults. Check the cables, pulleys, and lifting mechanism to ensure they are not broken or worn.
Check the hydraulic system: Check the hydraulic fluid level and ensure there are no leaks or loss of pressure in the system. If any problems are found, they must be fixed immediately before continuing operation.
Check the suspension and wheel system: Ensure that the wheels are not worn or damaged and that the suspension system is working normally. Check the pressure and condition of the tires to ensure they are firm and safe for operation.
Check the lights and warning horns: Ensure that all lights and warning horns are working correctly to provide warning signals and protection for workers and the work environment.

B. Guide to Periodic Maintenance of Wheel Cranes

Check oil and hydraulic systems: Ensure that the hydraulic oil level is sufficient and there are no signs of leaks. Change the hydraulic oil periodically according to the manufacturer’s maintenance schedule and check the oil lines to ensure they are not faulty.
Maintain the crane system: Inspect and maintain the main parts of the crane system such as the boom, cables, and pulleys. Clean and lubricate necessary parts to ensure smooth and safe operation.
Check the steering and control system: Ensure that the steering and control system operates correctly. Check and replace worn or damaged parts to ensure that the operator can control the vehicle safely.
Maintain the suspension and wheel system: Check the tire pressure and ensure that they are firm and safe for operation. Check the suspension and wheel system to ensure that there are no signs of damage or aging.
Check the lights and warning horns: Ensure that all lights and warning horns are working correctly. Replace burnt-out bulbs and check the wiring to ensure that it is not broken or damaged.

IV. Safe Operating Procedures for Wheel Cranes

A. Step-by-Step Guide on Safe Operating Procedures for Wheel Cranes

Pre-operation check: Before starting, thoroughly inspect the wheel crane to ensure that all systems, such as the crane, hydraulic, steering, and control systems, are working correctly. Carefully check the parts to detect and fix any issues before operating the vehicle.
Work preparation: Determine the operating objective and plan for moving and lifting the load. Ensure that the work area is clean and safe, removing any materials and obstacles that could be hazardous.
Precise control: Use the controls to operate the crane accurately and safely. Monitor the surrounding environment and ensure that there are no people or materials near the crane’s work area.
Perform safe maneuvers: Ensure that all maneuvers, such as lifting, moving, and placing the load, are performed safely and accurately. Use safety equipment such as safety harnesses and ensure that the load is placed correctly.
Post-completion maintenance: When the job is finished, check the wheel crane again to ensure that everything is stable and safe. Maintain and clean the vehicle after each use to ensure its performance and durability.

B. Emergency Response Measures and Incident Response Mechanisms When Operating Wheel Cranes

Activate alarm and warning systems: In case of an incident, the operator must immediately activate the warning and alarm systems to notify everyone around about the dangerous situation.
Stop operation immediately: The operator must stop the crane’s operation immediately upon detecting an incident or dangerous situation. This helps prevent the risk from spreading and minimizes losses.
Identify and assess the situation: The operator needs to quickly identify and assess the situation to understand the cause and severity of the incident. This helps determine the appropriate response measures.
Implement immediate safety measures: Based on the situation assessment, the operator must implement immediate safety measures to minimize risks and protect everyone from danger.
Report and record the incident: After handling the incident, the operator must report it to the manager or safety department and record the details of the incident and the response measures taken.

V. Risk Assessment and Hazard Management When Operating Wheel Cranes

A. Identifying Potential Risks and Hazards in Wheel Crane Operation

Risk of falling from height: Operators and other personnel may face the risk of falling from height when performing tasks on or near the crane. Materials, tools, or even the workers themselves can fall from a high elevation if safety measures are not followed.
Risk of collision and impact: During movement or while lifting a load, the wheel crane can collide with or impact materials, structures, or other workers in the work area. This can cause serious injury or damage to both the crane and the work environment.
Operator error: The operator can cause incidents due to negligence, lack of attention, or failure to follow safety procedures. Not controlling the crane accurately or working under the influence of stimulants can also cause serious accidents.
Harsh working conditions: In harsh working environments such as bad weather or difficult terrain, operating a wheel crane becomes more dangerous. Caution and readiness to respond to unexpected situations are very important in these cases.

B. Effective Hazard Prevention Strategies When Operating Wheel Cranes

1. Regular Inspection and Maintenance of Wheel Cranes for Safe Operation

Inspect basic systems: First, check the basic systems of the wheel crane such as the steering system, braking system, and suspension system. Ensure that all parts are functioning correctly and show no signs of damage.
Inspect electrical and lighting systems: Next, check the vehicle’s electrical and lighting systems. Ensure that all lights are working properly, including headlights, taillights, and warning lights. Replace any burnt-out bulbs and check the wiring to ensure it is not broken or damaged.
Inspect the crane and hydraulic systems: The next step is to inspect the crane and hydraulic systems. Check parts such as cables, pulleys, and oil lines to ensure they are not worn or damaged. Change the hydraulic fluid periodically and check the pressure to ensure smooth operation.
Inspect tires and suspension system: Finally, inspect the vehicle’s tires and suspension system. Ensure that the tire pressure is adequate and there are no signs of wear or damage. Check the suspension components to ensure they are not loose or damaged.

2. Adhere to Occupational Safety Regulations for Safe Operation of Wheel Cranes

Training and certification: All wheel crane operators must be fully trained and have the appropriate certification before being allowed to operate. This training includes learning about safety procedures, potential hazards, and how to respond to emergencies.
Use of personal protective equipment (PPE): All workers must comply with the use of PPE such as helmets, safety glasses, and steel-toed boots when working near wheel cranes. This helps protect them from the risk of accidents and injuries.
Follow instructions and safety signals: The operator must follow all instructions and safety signals when working near a wheel crane. This includes obeying the signals of the commander and not exceeding the vehicle’s load capacity.
Report incidents and request repairs: If any incident or damage is detected on the wheel crane, the operator must report it to the manager immediately and request immediate repairs. The vehicle should not be used in an unsafe condition.
Maintain cleanliness and safe arrangement: The work environment around the wheel crane must be kept clean and safely organized. Materials and tools must be arranged so that they do not obstruct the operation of the vehicle and do not create a hazardous risk.

3. Identify and Mark Safe Zones When Operating Wheel Cranes

Identify the safe zone: Before starting operations, it is necessary to identify the safe zone around the wheel crane. These are areas where workers can work without being endangered by the vehicle’s activities.
Consider visibility and travel path: Determine the operator’s line of sight and the crane’s intended travel paths. Ensure there are no obstacles or people within the line of sight or intended travel path.
Use signs and safety markings: Use signs, signals, and ground markings to indicate the safe zone and warn workers of potential dangers. Ensure these signs and markings are clearly visible and easy to understand.
Maintain a safe distance: Determine a safe distance from the wheel crane to materials, structures, and workers. Ensure that no one gets too close to the vehicle’s operating area, keeping everyone and property safe.
Interact with workers: Communicate the safe zone and safety measures to all workers in the area. Promote compliance with safety regulations and ensure that everyone clearly understands the risks and preventive measures.

4. Use Personal Protective Equipment When Operating Wheel Cranes

Helmet: A helmet is one of the most important pieces of PPE when working near a wheel crane. It protects the head and brain from heavy objects falling from above, impacts, or other forces.
Safety Goggles: Safety goggles help protect the eyes from dust, sand, debris, or other impacts that could cause injury. In a work environment near a crane, protecting the eyes is extremely important.
Impact-resistant Gloves: Using impact-resistant gloves helps protect hands and fingers from injuries caused by impacts or foreign objects.
Reflective Vest: In a work environment at night or in low light conditions, using a reflective vest helps increase visibility and reduces the risk of collisions.
Steel-toed Boots: Use steel-toed boots to protect feet from foreign objects piercing from the ground or from above.

5. Emergency Procedures and Response in Case of an Incident When Operating Wheel Cranes

Assess the situation: The operator needs to assess the incident situation quickly and accurately. Determine the cause of the incident and assess the level of danger to make a reasonable decision.
Report the incident: Immediately after an incident occurs, the operator must report it immediately to the manager or safety department to receive necessary assistance.
Safe response for everyone: Place the highest priority on ensuring the safety of everyone in the area. Guide all those who may be affected by the incident to move out of the dangerous area and find a safe shelter.
Turn off the power and close the control lever: If possible, turn off the power and close the control lever of the wheel crane to prevent any unwanted activity that could cause further danger.
Perform first aid and rescue: If there are injured or trapped people, perform first aid immediately and request assistance from the rescue team if necessary.
Secure and preserve the scene: Secure and preserve the scene of the incident to prevent the incident from spreading and to protect evidence for later investigation into the cause.

6. Participate in Occupational Safety Training Courses for Operating Wheel Cranes

Occupational safety and health training is not only a legal requirement but also a commitment to the safety and health of workers. It helps employees recognize and deal with hazards and dangerous situations, thereby reducing accidents, injuries, or fatalities in daily work.

The risk of accidents is always present and can occur at any time in the work environment due to the possibility of human error and the inability to foresee all situations. This emphasizes the need for continuous Occupational Safety Training and vigilance.

When participating in occupational safety training at An Toan Nam Viet Center, workers will be thoroughly trained from theory to real-life risk scenarios. Accordingly, there will be measures to identify and prevent occupational accident risks that may occur during work. After the training course, trainees will take occupational safety tests to obtain an occupational safety certificate. From there, workers will have a clear understanding of safety knowledge as well as a valid certification for employment.

VI. Factors Affecting Occupational Safety When Operating Wheel Cranes

A. How Weather Conditions Affect the Operation of Wheel Cranes

Rain and snow: When it rains or snows, the road surface can become slippery, increasing the risk of wheel slip and loss of control. This is especially true when operating on sloping or uneven terrain.
Strong winds: Strong winds can shake and unbalance the wheel crane, especially when operating at height or when lifting heavy objects. It can also cause a loss of control and endanger people working near the crane.
Extreme temperatures: In tropical or cold conditions, parts of the wheel crane can be affected by extreme temperatures, causing damage and operational problems.
Fog and poor visibility: Fog and poor visibility can reduce the operator’s visibility and increase the risk of collision or impact with surrounding materials or structures.
High temperatures: In high-temperature conditions, the wheel crane can overheat and be prone to operational problems or breakdowns.

B. How the Work Environment Affects the Operation of Wheel Cranes

Terrain: A work environment with uneven or sloping terrain can create challenges in operating a wheel crane. This can cause imbalance, wheel slip, and the risk of accidents.
Confined space: In a work environment with limited space, the operator may have difficulty moving and operating the wheel crane safely. Special techniques and skills may be required to adapt to the confined space.
Environment with poor air quality: In work environments with poor air quality, such as environments with a lot of dust, smoke, or toxic fumes, it can affect the operator’s health and the crane’s performance.
Environment with a lot of noise: Noise from surrounding activities can reduce visibility and increase the risk of accidents for the operator. It can also reduce concentration and create an unsafe work environment.
Work environment with many impacts from the natural environment: Natural factors such as strong winds, heavy rain, or hot sun can affect the operation of the wheel crane, reducing control and safety.

C. How the Technical Condition of a Wheel Crane Affects its Operation

Risk of breakdown or unexpected incidents: If the main parts of the wheel crane are not maintained or inspected regularly, unexpected incidents such as breakdowns or loss of control can occur, especially when operating with heavy loads.
Reduced performance and reliability: When the basic parts of the crane are not working well, the performance and reliability of the crane will be reduced. This can lead to unwanted downtime and reduced work efficiency.
Risk of accidents and injuries: Poor technical condition can create a risk of accidents and injuries for the operator and other personnel in the work area. A malfunctioning brake system or an unstable crane system can cause dangerous situations.

–

Increased maintenance and repair costs: If the wheel crane is not regularly maintained and inspected, there is a risk of increased maintenance and repair costs due to technical problems that arise.

D. How the Safety Knowledge and Skills of the Worker Affect the Operation of Wheel Cranes

Understanding of crane operation: Workers need to have a basic knowledge of how a wheel crane operates, including how to use the main parts and the basic principles of the system.
Operating and control skills: The skill of operating and controlling a wheel crane is a key factor in ensuring safety and efficiency. Workers need to be trained and have the appropriate skills to operate the crane accurately and safely.
Understanding of safety procedures and preventive measures: Knowledge of safety procedures and preventive measures is extremely important to prevent incidents and accidents. Workers need to know how to handle dangerous situations and implement preventive measures correctly.
Recognizing risks and dangerous situations: Workers need to be able to recognize and assess risks during the operation of a wheel crane. Recognizing a dangerous situation and responding appropriately is the key to ensuring safety.

VII. Occupational Safety Training on Safe Operation Skills for Wheel Cranes

A. Why Wheel Crane Operators Need to Be Trained in Occupational Safety

Occupational safety training for wheel crane operators is extremely important for several reasons. First, it helps them understand the hazards and risks involved in operation, thereby reducing the risk of accidents and injuries to themselves and other personnel. Second, safety training provides them with the necessary knowledge and skills to properly use personal protective equipment and preventive measures in all situations.

Third, the training helps them understand and comply with safety regulations and procedures, ensuring compliance with legal requirements and preventing incidents. Finally, having safety training also boosts the operator’s confidence and self-assurance, helping them work more effectively and enhancing their professionalism in their career. For a safe and efficient work environment, occupational safety training for wheel crane operators is essential.

B. Where to get occupational safety training for operating wheel cranes?

An Toan Nam Viet is a reputable and high-quality occupational safety training center in Vietnam today. With occupational safety training sessions held continuously at production workshops, factories, or construction sites across the country (63 provinces in Vietnam).

To ensure effective training, An Toan Nam Viet prepares carefully and meticulously, down to the smallest detail. From preparing tools, equipment, teaching aids to curriculum, materials, sound, and lighting.

The occupational safety training instructors at An Toan Nam Viet are experts with many years of experience in the field. They even have research projects identifying hazards in all occupations and how to prevent them.

The instructor’s lectures are drawn from practical experience and are conveyed in a vivid, easy-to-understand manner to the workers. These factors help workers feel comfortable during the learning period and absorb the taught knowledge well. Of course, the knowledge conveyed always adheres to Decree 44/2016/ND-CP. From there, they will grasp many measures to prevent hazards and how to protect themselves. At the same time, they will also apply it most appropriately in their actual work.

VIII. The Significance of Occupational Safety in Operating Wheel Cranes

A. The Importance of Maintaining Occupational Safety in Wheel Crane Operation

Maintaining occupational safety during wheel crane operation is an undeniably important factor. First, it ensures the safety of the workers involved in the activity. When employees are trained and follow safety procedures, the risk of accidents and injuries can be significantly reduced.

Second, maintaining occupational safety also plays a crucial role in protecting property and equipment. Wheel cranes are expensive and important pieces of equipment in construction projects and heavy-duty work. Adhering to safety procedures helps reduce the risk of damage or loss of equipment due to unforeseen incidents.

Finally, maintaining occupational safety also plays a significant role in upholding the company’s reputation and service quality. A safe and secure working environment will build trust from clients and partners in the ability to complete projects safely and efficiently.

B. Important Safety Measures to Know Before Operating a Wheel Crane

Before operating a wheel crane, workers need to master several important safety measures to ensure their own safety and that of those around them. First, checking the equipment before each use is crucial. Ensure that all parts of the vehicle, including the crane system, steering system, and brake system, are working correctly before starting the job.

Second, establishing and maintaining a safe zone around the crane is essential. Ensure that there are no people or objects near the crane’s work area, and everyone must follow safety measures when in contact with the vehicle.

In addition, using personal protective equipment, such as helmets and non-slip shoes, is also a safety measure that must be followed every time a wheel crane is operated. This helps minimize the risk of accidents and injuries to workers. Complete an occupational safety training course to be issued an occupational safety card by the occupational safety training center to strengthen your records in compliance with work regulations.