Safety Document Group 3
Occupational Safety Document for Operating Tower Cranes
Mar
DOWNLOAD THE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY DOCUMENT SET (6 GROUPS, MORE THAN 300 PROFESSIONS)
Occupational safety documents for tower crane operation are a crucial source of information for everyone working in the construction industry. It provides specific and detailed guidance on safety measures to be followed when operating a tower crane, helping to minimize occupational accidents and protect the health of construction workers.
PART I: CURRENT STATE OF SAFETY WORK RELATED TO TOWER CRANES
I. General Situation
The Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs informs sectors and localities of the occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 and outlines key solutions to proactively prevent incidents and accidents in the last 6 months of 2024. According to reports from 61 out of 63 centrally governed provinces and cities, in the first 6 months of 2024, there were a total of 3,201 occupational accidents nationwide (a decrease of 227 cases, equivalent to 7.09% compared to the same period in 2023), resulting in 3,065 victims (a decrease of 197 people, equivalent to 6.04% compared to the first 6 months of 2023), including both employees under labor contracts and those working without labor contracts. Specifically:- Number of fatal occupational accidents: 320 cases, a decrease of 25 cases (7.25%) compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 245 cases in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 28 cases or 10.3%; and 75 cases in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 3 cases or 4.2% compared to the first 6 months of 2023);
- Number of deaths due to occupational accidents: 346 people, a decrease of 7 people or 1.98% compared to the same period in 2023 (including 268 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 13 people or 4.63%; and 78 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 6 people or 8.33%).
- Number of people seriously injured: 810 people, an increase of 26 people or 3.32% compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 710 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 5 people or 0.7%; and 100 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 31 people or 44.92%).
The occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 in both sectors with and without labor relations saw a decrease in the number of deaths and fatal accidents compared to the same period in 2023.
II. Some Occupational Accidents During Tower Crane Operation
The operation of tower cranes in construction projects offers many benefits, such as increased efficiency and reduced project completion time. However, it also carries a number of risks and dangers that can lead to serious occupational accidents. Below are some common accidents that occur during tower crane operation:
- Falling Materials and Tools: One of the biggest risks when operating a tower crane is materials and tools falling from a height. If safety procedures are not followed when lifting and transporting materials, they can fall onto the work area or surrounding areas, endangering workers and passersby.
- Tower Crane Tipping Over: A tower crane can tip over if it is not installed or operated correctly. Causes can include adverse weather conditions, design flaws, or violations of safety rules during use. When a tower crane tips over, it can cause severe damage and even fatalities or serious injuries.
- Collision with Other Structures or Power Lines: During operation, a tower crane can collide with other structures on the construction site or overhead power lines. This can cause damage to the crane, endanger workers, and lead to power outages in the vicinity.
- Technical Faults or Mechanical Failures: A tower crane may experience technical faults or mechanical failures during use, especially if it is not regularly maintained. These problems can lead to a loss of control of the crane and cause serious accidents.
- Human Error: Failure to comply with safety rules, lack of knowledge about tower crane operation, or negligence in work procedures can also contribute to occupational accidents.
To minimize the risk of accidents when operating a tower crane, construction sites must comply with safety regulations, ensure that the crane is installed and maintained correctly, and provide safety training for all workers involved in the operation and use of the crane.
PART II: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH DURING TOWER CRANE OPERATION
I. Introduction
A. Definition of a Tower Crane
A tower crane is a type of crane widely used in the construction industry to move and lift heavy materials, such as concrete, steel, and other construction materials. The prominent features of a tower crane are its tall tower mast and long jib, which allow it to operate over a wide area and transport materials from one location to another on a construction site. Tower cranes are typically installed in a fixed position and can rotate on their axis to achieve a larger working radius. By using its hoist and hook, a tower crane can lift and move construction materials up and down the floors of a building efficiently and safely.
B. Why Workers Need to Learn Occupational Safety Before Operating a Tower Crane
Learning about occupational safety before operating a tower crane is extremely important as it directly relates to protecting the lives and health of workers. Firstly, knowledge of occupational safety helps them clearly understand the potential hazards when working with tower cranes, including the risk of accidents due to collapse, falling from a height, or collision with heavy materials. By knowing and understanding safety rules, workers can prevent dangerous situations and work in a more organized and safer manner. Secondly, occupational safety training also helps them understand how to use personal protective equipment and safety devices when working with tower cranes, helping to minimize the risk of injury and occupational accidents. Finally, applying safety principles during tower crane operation not only protects their own health but also ensures the safety of other workers and the work environment in general.
II. Overview of Tower Cranes
A. Structure and Operating Principle of a Tower Crane
The structure of a tower crane typically consists of a tall main mast and a long jib (crane arm). The main mast is the central column of the crane, installed on a sturdy foundation to ensure stability. The jib, also known as the boom, is connected to the main mast and can move up and down and rotate around its axis.
The operating principle of a tower crane is based on the combination of the jib and hook to lift and move construction materials. The crane is equipped with powerful motors and a system of wire ropes or chains to raise and lower materials. The hook is attached to the wire rope or chain and is used to grip and lift the materials.
During operation, the tower crane rotates on its axis to position and move materials from one location to another on the construction site. The balance between the jib and the main mast, along with a precise control system, helps ensure stability and safety during operation.
B. Applications of Tower Cranes in the Construction Industry
Tower cranes are widely used in the construction industry due to their ability to transport and lift heavy and large construction materials from one location to another on a construction site. In high-rise building projects, tower cranes are often used to efficiently and safely lift and move concrete, steel, and other construction materials up and down the floors.
Additionally, tower cranes are also commonly used in the construction of bridges and ports, where they can help transport and install large and heavy structural components accurately and quickly. Particularly in construction projects with limited space, a tower crane is the ideal choice for transporting and installing construction materials without the need for large and cumbersome transport vehicles.
Furthermore, tower cranes are also often used in dismantling old structures and installing new ones. With their ability to lift and move heavy and bulky materials, tower cranes help increase productivity and save time during the construction and repair of building projects.
C. Risks Associated with Tower Crane Operation
The operation of a tower crane carries many risks and dangers that workers and construction managers need to be aware of. Some common risks include:
- Risk of occupational accidents: Working at height while moving heavy materials can lead to serious accidents, including falls from height, collisions with other materials and equipment, or being crushed under the weight of materials.
- Technical failures: Tower cranes can experience technical issues such as failures in the lifting system, sensor errors, or control system malfunctions, which pose a risk of loss of control and accidents.
- Weather conditions: Tower cranes often operate in various weather conditions such as strong winds, heavy rain, or snowfall, increasing the risk of accidents due to loss of control of the crane or reduced visibility for the operator.
- Risk of collision and falling materials: Moving large and heavy materials can create a risk of collision with other structures on the construction site or pose a danger to workers near the crane’s operating area.
To mitigate these risks, adherence to occupational safety rules, training, and periodic inspection of the crane’s equipment and systems are crucial. Additionally, monitoring weather conditions and establishing appropriate safety measures also play an important role in minimizing the risk of accidents during tower crane operation.
III. Factors Affecting Occupational Safety in Tower Crane Operation
A. How Weather Conditions Affect Tower Crane Operation
Weather conditions play a crucial role in the operation of a tower crane, affecting both performance and safety. Here are some ways weather can have an impact:
- Strong winds: Strong winds can cause the tower crane to sway, leading to a loss of control and the risk of the crane tipping over. Additionally, wind can slow down the crane’s operating speed, extending the time needed to complete tasks.
- Rain: Rain can make work surfaces slippery, increasing the risk of slipping and falling materials being lifted. Furthermore, rainwater can dampen and damage the electronic and mechanical components of the crane.
- Snow: Snow can reduce visibility and make work surfaces slippery. It can also cause overloading on the crane due to the accumulated weight of the snow.
- Extreme temperatures: Extreme temperatures can reduce the efficiency of the equipment and damage parts of the tower crane. It can also pose a risk of cold stress for workers operating the crane.
B. How the Work Environment Affects Tower Crane Operation
The work environment plays a significant role in the operation of a tower crane, influencing both the efficiency and safety of the job. In some cases, tower cranes must operate in confined spaces, such as between buildings or in tight construction areas, making movement difficult and reducing the working range. Poor or insufficient lighting can impair visibility and increase the risk of accidents. Working at height can cause disorientation and anxiety for workers. A dusty and polluted environment also affects the health of workers and the components of the crane. To minimize the impact of the work environment, it is necessary to implement measures to protect health, ensure adequate lighting, and prevent pollution and dust.
C. How the Technical Condition of the Tower Crane Affects its Operation
The technical condition of a tower crane plays a crucial role in its operation and safety. When a tower crane is not regularly maintained or has technical issues, it can cause many problems during operation. For example, if the lifting system does not function correctly, it can lead to the risk of falling materials or loss of control of the crane. Malfunctions in the control system or sensors can also lead to dangerous situations.
Additionally, if not inspected and maintained periodically, mechanical parts such as wire ropes or chains can also cause unexpected incidents during operation. Therefore, to ensure the safety and efficiency of the tower crane, regular maintenance and inspection of its technical condition are very important. Regular maintenance measures and safety checks will help detect and rectify technical problems early, ensuring that the tower crane operates safely and effectively.
D. How the Safety Knowledge and Skills of Workers Affect Tower Crane Operation
The safety knowledge and skills of workers play a vital role in the operation of a tower crane. Workers need to have a clear understanding of the safety rules related to tower crane operation, including how to use personal protective equipment, safe work procedures, and accident prevention measures.
In addition, they must have the skills to operate the tower crane accurately and safely, including the ability to control the crane precisely, use control devices and tools effectively, and react quickly in case of a dangerous situation. This knowledge and skill set enables workers to perform their jobs safely and effectively, while minimizing the risk of accidents and incidents during tower crane operation.
IV. Safety Measures for Tower Crane Operation
A. Regular Inspection and Maintenance of the Tower Crane for Safe Operation
Regular inspection and maintenance of the tower crane is a critical part of ensuring its safe operation. By conducting periodic checks, managers and maintenance staff can detect technical problems and potential hazards early, thereby implementing appropriate corrective and maintenance measures. Inspection steps typically include checking the quality of wire ropes, chains, and other mechanical parts to ensure they are functioning correctly and safely.
Additionally, the control system, sensors, and electronic devices must be checked to ensure they are working properly and will not cause incidents during operation. Periodic maintenance also includes replacing worn parts and checking the balance and stability of the crane. By implementing these regular inspection and maintenance measures, it can be ensured that the tower crane operates safely and efficiently, minimizing the risk of accidents and incidents during operation.
B. Adhering to Occupational Safety Regulations for Safe Tower Crane Operation
Adhering to occupational safety regulations is a fundamental and crucial step to ensure the safe and effective operation of a tower crane. First, operators must be trained in occupational safety and safe work procedures for tower cranes. They need to clearly understand the risks and accident prevention measures, as well as regulations on the use of personal protective equipment. At the same time, they must also comply with specific guidelines and regulations for operating the crane, including safety procedures when changing the crane’s position or height, and regulations on the maximum permissible lifting load.
Furthermore, conducting safety checks before each use and reporting any issues that arise is a vital part of complying with safety regulations. In this way, operators and management can ensure that the tower crane is operated in a safe and reliable condition. Strict adherence to occupational safety regulations not only protects the health and lives of workers but also minimizes the risk of accidents and damage to the crane and surrounding property.
C. Identifying and Marking Safety Zones for Tower Crane Operation
Identifying and marking safety zones when operating a tower crane is a crucial part of the process to ensure safety on a construction site. First, it is necessary to determine the safety zones around the crane by measuring the distance from the top of the crane to surrounding structures, including buildings, trees, and other structures. These safety zones must be marked with signs or brightly colored lines to inform workers and the crane operator of the areas they need to avoid.
At the same time, it is necessary to identify and mark areas designated for crane operations, including the material lifting and moving area, the crane slewing area, and the installation and maintenance area. These areas also need to be protected and closely monitored to ensure that only trained and authorized personnel can access and work within them.
By correctly identifying and marking safety zones and operating areas, the risk of collisions, accidents, and damage to the crane and surrounding structures can be minimized, while enhancing safety for the entire construction project.
D. Using Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) When Operating a Tower Crane
Using personal protective equipment is a crucial step to protect the health and safety of workers when operating a tower crane. Common types of personal protective equipment include helmets, safety glasses, anti-slip gloves, and safety shoes.
Helmets help protect the head from the risk of impact from falling materials or objects from above. Safety glasses protect the eyes from dust, debris, or hazardous liquids that could cause injury. Anti-slip gloves provide protection for the hands when gripping and moving heavy materials, while also helping to prevent the risk of hands slipping. Safety shoes are designed to protect the feet from the risk of impact and slips.
Ensuring that workers use correct and complete personal protective equipment is extremely important to minimize the risk of accidents and injuries during work. At the same time, adherence to safety regulations and procedures must also be combined to enhance safety for all personnel involved in tower crane operation.
E. Emergency Procedures and Response in Case of an Incident During Tower Crane Operation
Emergency procedures and response in case of an incident during tower crane operation are a vital part of ensuring safety for all workers and the construction project itself. When an incident occurs, pre-established procedures help to clearly define the steps to be taken to deal with the situation quickly and effectively.
In the event of an incident, workers must stop operations immediately and report the incident to the manager or crane controller. At the same time, all personnel and people nearby must be evacuated from the danger zone immediately to ensure everyone’s safety.
After that, the incident response procedure will include carrying out first aid measures if necessary, such as calling the fire department or emergency medical services. At the same time, an inspection and assessment of the incident situation must be carried out to determine the cause and implement corrective and preventive measures to prevent recurrence in the future.
By establishing and adhering to emergency and response procedures, the risk of accidents and damage during tower crane operation can be minimized, and safety can be ensured for everyone involved in the construction project.
F. Participating in Occupational Safety Courses for Tower Crane Operation
Occupational safety and health training is not only a legal requirement but also a commitment to the safety and health of workers. It helps employees recognize and respond to hazards and dangerous situations, thereby minimizing accidents, injuries, or fatalities in their daily work.
The risk of accidents is always present and can occur at any time in the work environment due to the possibility of human error and the inability to anticipate every situation. This emphasizes the need for continuous Occupational Safety Training and vigilance.
When participating in occupational safety training at Nam Viet Safety Center, workers will receive systematic training from theory to practical risk scenarios. Accordingly, there will be measures to identify and prevent occupational accident risks that may occur during work. After the training course, trainees will take occupational safety tests in order to obtain an occupational safety certificate. From there, workers will have a clear understanding of safety knowledge as well as valid certification for their work.
VI. The Significance of Occupational Safety in Tower Crane Operation
A. The Importance of Maintaining Occupational Safety in Tower Crane Operation
The importance of maintaining occupational safety in tower crane operation cannot be overstated. Occupational safety not only ensures the health and lives of workers but also affects the efficiency and success of the construction project.
Firstly, maintaining occupational safety helps prevent accidents and unwanted incidents, minimizing losses in terms of people and property. This not only keeps employees safe but also creates a positive and motivating work environment, helping to boost morale and cooperation within the team.
Secondly, maintaining occupational safety also brings economic benefits. Occupational accidents can lead to project delays, increase insurance costs, and disrupt production schedules. Conversely, a safe work environment helps minimize downtime and increase labor productivity, while reducing costs and increasing profits for the organization.
Therefore, maintaining occupational safety in tower crane operation is not only a moral responsibility but also a critical factor in ensuring the success and sustainability of any construction project.
B. Key Safety Measures to Understand Before Operating a Tower Crane
Before operating a tower crane, it is crucial to have a firm grasp of safety measures. First, the operator must thoroughly inspect all the crane’s equipment and systems before use to ensure they are functioning correctly and safely. This includes checking mechanical parts such as wire ropes and chains, as well as the control system and sensors.
Next, the operator must have a clear understanding of the maximum permissible lifting load and consider all operations to ensure the safe weight limit is not exceeded. They also need to be aware of the regulations regarding safe distances from the crane to surrounding structures, while complying with regulations on the crane’s position and height. Completing an occupational safety training course to be issued an occupational safety card by a safety training center is necessary to strengthen the profile in compliance with work regulations.
Finally, conducting a safety check before each use and reporting any issues that arise is a crucial part of the safety measures. By doing this, it can be ensured that the tower crane is operated safely and reliably, minimizing the risk of accidents and incidents.
PART III: Further Reference
1. Group 3 Occupational Safety Test
2. Price List for Occupational Safety Training Services
3. Download Documents
- Download training document for occupational safety in tower crane operation
- Slide presentation for occupational safety training in tower crane operation
- Quiz for occupational safety in tower crane operation
