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This document is a valuable source of information, providing detailed guidance on safety measures, quality procedures, and industry standards to ensure a safe and effective working environment. Discover how to integrate occupational safety into the hollow brick production process, creating a perfect combination of quality and employee health protection!

Table of Contents

PART I: CURRENT STATE OF SAFETY IN THE HOLLOW BRICK PRODUCTION INDUSTRY

I. General Situation

The Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs informs sectors and localities of the occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 and outlines key solutions to proactively prevent incidents and accidents in the last 6 months of 2024. According to reports from 61 out of 63 centrally governed provinces and cities, in the first 6 months of 2024, there were a total of 3,201 occupational accidents nationwide (a decrease of 227 cases, equivalent to 7.09% compared to the same period in 2023), resulting in 3,065 victims (a decrease of 197 people, equivalent to 6.04% compared to the first 6 months of 2023), including both employees under labor contracts and those working without labor contracts. Specifically:

Number of fatal occupational accidents: 320 cases, a decrease of 25 cases (7.25%) compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 245 cases in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 28 cases or 10.3%; and 75 cases in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 3 cases or 4.2% compared to the first 6 months of 2023);
Number of deaths due to occupational accidents: 346 people, a decrease of 7 people or 1.98% compared to the same period in 2023 (including 268 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 13 people or 4.63%; and 78 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 6 people or 8.33%).
Number of people seriously injured: 810 people, an increase of 26 people or 3.32% compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 710 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 5 people or 0.7%; and 100 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 31 people or 44.92%).

Download the PDF file Occupational Accident Report – First 6 Months of 2024 issued by the Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs.

The occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 in both sectors with and without labor relations saw a decrease in the number of deaths and fatal accidents compared to the same period in 2023.

II. Some Occupational Accidents in Hollow Brick Production Plants

In the hollow brick manufacturing industry, where millions of workers operate daily, the issue of occupational safety is always a top concern. Below are some notable occupational accidents that have occurred in hollow brick production plants, providing a detailed look at the challenges this industry is facing.

1. Machinery and Equipment Accidents

Machinery and equipment in hollow brick production plants frequently malfunction, posing accident risks to workers. This includes improper maintenance, technical faults, and a lack of training on safe machine use. Accidents caused by machinery and equipment often have severe consequences and are a major concern.

2. Chemical Risks

During the production of hollow bricks, chemicals such as cement and other compounds are used. Unsafe contact or improper use can lead to accidents and affect workers’ health. Safety measures and risk management need to be strictly applied to minimize this risk.

3. Internal Traffic Accidents

Hollow brick production plants often cover large areas, and the internal traffic of these units can create significant risks for employees. Accidents involving forklifts, cars, or other moving vehicles can sometimes occur due to ineffective management of the internal traffic flow.

4. Lack of Safety Training

Some accidents can be directly linked to a lack of safety training for workers. This includes not knowing how to use safety equipment, a lack of risk awareness, and not having a clear understanding of basic safety rules.

The accidents above are all challenges that the hollow brick production industry is trying to overcome by implementing safety measures, training personnel, and researching technological improvements to minimize labor risks and protect employees’ health.

PART II: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH IN HOLLOW BRICK PRODUCTION

I. Occupational safety and health for employees mixing clay and additives in preparation for hollow brick production

1. Job Characteristics of Mixing Clay and Additives for Hollow Brick Production

In the preparation process for producing hollow bricks, the mixing of clay and additives plays a crucial role in creating a high-quality product. This process requires special consideration and technique to ensure uniformity and optimal performance.

First, the clay is carefully selected to ensure the quality and consistency of the final product. The physical and chemical characteristics of the clay will affect the durability, load-bearing capacity, and sound insulation properties of the hollow brick.

Then, additives are added to improve the technical and environmental properties of the hollow brick. These additives can include thickeners, binders, or waterproofing compounds to enhance the product’s resistance to abrasion and water penetration.

2. Types of Accidents During the Process of Mixing Clay and Additives for Hollow Brick Production

During the process of mixing clay and additives to produce hollow bricks, there are risks and accidents that need attention. One of the common problems is the risk of occupational accidents due to the handling of raw materials and the operation of equipment.

Common types of accidents include exposure to toxic chemicals from additives, which is harmful to the health of the workers. In addition, the use of mixing equipment must be done with care to avoid machinery-related accidents.

Subjectivity in material management and not wearing the correct protective equipment can also lead to accidents. For employees working near the mixing area, a clear understanding of the risks and the implementation of safety measures are important to minimize risk.

To reduce accidents during the raw material mixing process, training employees on occupational safety, chemical use, and machinery operation is important. Risk awareness also plays a crucial role in maintaining a safe and healthy working environment.

3. Causes of Accidents When Mixing Clay and Additives for Hollow Brick Production

The causes of accidents during the process of mixing clay and additives to produce hollow bricks can stem from many different factors. One of the main causes is a lack of knowledge and training in occupational safety, which leads to employees not recognizing potential risks in the work process.

Another factor is negligence in maintaining and controlling the equipment. The machinery used in the mixing process needs to be regularly maintained to ensure safety and high performance. Lack of control and maintenance can lead to quick and dangerous failures.

Subjectivity in the management of materials and chemicals is another cause. The use of additives without ensuring the correct dosage and procedure can have negative effects, not only on the quality of the product but also on the health of the workers.

4. Accident Prevention Measures When Mixing Clay and Additives for Hollow Brick Production

To ensure safety during the process of mixing clay and additives for hollow brick production, implementing preventive measures is extremely important. First, employees need to be fully trained in occupational safety and recognizing potential risks.

The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is essential to protect the health of employees. Helmets, safety glasses, gloves, and safety shoes help to minimize the risk of injury and exposure to toxic substances.

For the operation of machinery, a regular inspection and maintenance process should be established. This will reduce the risk of machinery failure and ensure safety during the production process.

In addition, implementing strict control over the quantity and quality of additives will minimize the risk of harm to health and product quality. Subjectivity in the process of managing materials and chemicals should be avoided to ensure safety and efficiency.

5. Occupational Safety Regulations When Mixing Clay and Additives for Hollow Brick Production

To ensure occupational safety when mixing clay and additives for hollow brick production, establishing and implementing safety regulations is indispensable. Employees must adhere to all rules to reduce the risk of accidents and protect their health.

An important regulation is the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Employees must wear helmets, safety glasses, gloves, and safety shoes to ensure safety when working near machinery and toxic substances.

The machinery operating procedure must also be set according to strict regulations. Regular inspection and maintenance help to ensure machinery performance and reduce the risk of unwanted failures.

Raw materials and additives must be managed according to quality and safety standards. Regulations on the quantity and use of additives must be followed correctly to avoid negative impacts on health and product quality.

6. Handling Emergency Accidents When Mixing Clay and Additives for Hollow Brick Production

In the event of an emergency accident while mixing clay and additives for hollow brick production, handling the situation quickly and effectively is crucial to protect workers and property. First, upon detecting an accident, the warning system should be activated and all employees should be notified to stop work immediately.

Calling the emergency medical team and reporting the accident details is the top priority. Trained employees should provide accurate and complete information to help the medical team understand the situation and provide initial measures and timely treatment.

While waiting for the medical team, performing basic first aid is important. Training employees on how to use the first aid kit and emergency equipment is crucial so they can respond quickly before professional help arrives.

II. Occupational safety and health for employees operating the hollow brick forming machine for clay

1. Job Characteristics of Operating the Hollow Brick Forming Machine for Clay

During the operation of the hollow brick forming machine for clay, the job characteristics play a crucial role in ensuring the efficiency and quality of the product. This requires professionalism and a solid knowledge of the hollow brick production process. First, the clay preparation process requires careful consideration of the mixture ratio to ensure uniformity and cohesiveness.

After that, the pressing and forming process is the most important step. The forming machines must be adjusted correctly to produce hollow bricks of precise dimensions and uniform strength. This process requires close monitoring and continuous adjustment from the operator to ensure consistency in production.

In addition, the drying process also needs to be carried out precisely to prevent deformation and to ensure that the hollow bricks achieve the necessary hardness and load-bearing capacity. Finally, quality control after the production process is important to ensure that every product meets the set quality standards.

2. Types of Accidents During the Operation of the Hollow Brick Forming Machine for Clay

During the operation of the hollow brick forming machine for clay, there are several types of accidents that the operator needs to be aware of. One of the common risks is compression or injury accidents due to the process of applying pressure and forming the bricks. Failure to maintain the machinery properly or using non-uniform material can lead to this incident.

Other accidents are related to the drying process. If the temperature and time are not tightly controlled, it can cause product deformation or even machine explosion. The risk of fire and explosion also increases when there is a temperature difference and an accumulation of toxic gases.

In addition, failures in quality control can lead to substandard products, causing material waste and increasing production costs. Therefore, the operator needs to regularly inspect and maintain the machinery, and at the same time, adhere to safety and quality control procedures to minimize the risk of accidents during the operation of the hollow brick forming machine for clay.

3. Causes of Accidents When Operating the Hollow Brick Forming Machine for Clay

There are many causes of accidents when operating a hollow brick forming machine for clay. One of the main causes is a technical failure, which can stem from the machine not working correctly or an uneven manufacturing process. If the machine is not regularly inspected and maintained, it can lead to breakdowns and an increased risk of accidents.

Failures in the process of controlling temperature and pressure are also common causes. If the control system is unstable, it can cause product deformation or even a machine explosion. This failure places high demands on supervision and a solid understanding of the production process.

In addition, the operator may also face difficulties in handling the input raw materials, such as an uneven mixture ratio or poor quality of the clay. This can lead to the final product not meeting requirements, increasing the risk of accidents and reducing production efficiency.

4. Accident Prevention Measures When Operating the Hollow Brick Forming Machine for Clay

To ensure safety when operating a hollow brick forming machine for clay, several accident prevention measures should be taken. First, ensuring that the machinery is regularly maintained and safety checked is crucial. Employees need to be trained on the operating procedures and know how to react in an emergency.

Controlling temperature and pressure during the production process is key to avoiding accidents. Installing an automatic monitoring system and safety sensors can help to monitor and control these factors effectively.

In addition, the process of handling input raw materials also needs to be strictly managed to avoid problems during production. The operator should regularly check the mixture ratio and the quality of the clay to ensure uniformity and stability.

5. Occupational Safety Regulations When Operating the Hollow Brick Forming Machine for Clay

Occupational safety regulations when operating a hollow brick forming machine for clay play a crucial role in ensuring the safety of workers. First, employees need to be trained on safety rules, including how to use personal protective equipment (PPE) such as safety glasses, safety helmets, and heat-resistant clothing.

The regulations also set guidelines on the regular maintenance and inspection of machinery to ensure they are always working correctly. The operator needs to master the emergency procedures and know how to deal with dangerous situations.

The automatic monitoring system and safety sensors must also be maintained and checked regularly to ensure they are working effectively. The safety regulations also focus on ensuring that everyone involved in the work is fully informed and trained on the safety factors related to the operation of the hollow brick forming machine.

6. Handling Emergency Accidents When Operating the Hollow Brick Forming Machine for Clay

In the event of an emergency accident while operating a hollow brick forming machine for clay, the situation handling process plays a crucial role in ensuring safety and minimizing damage. First, the operator needs to remain calm and immediately report the accident to the manager and colleagues.

After that, the process of stopping the machine and shutting off the power immediately is important to prevent the risk of the emergency situation escalating. This requires quick thinking and a solid knowledge of safety procedures.

If there is a risk of fire or explosion, the operator needs to know how to use firefighting equipment and how to perform first aid measures. At the same time, a detailed report of the incident after the accident is important to restore the production process and to propose future preventive measures.

III. Occupational safety and health for employees operating the clay firing kiln for hollow brick production

1. Job Characteristics of Operating the Clay Firing Kiln for Hollow Brick Production

Operating a clay firing kiln for hollow brick production requires professionalism and in-depth knowledge of the production process. This job includes many important characteristics to ensure the quality and performance of the product.

First and foremost, the raw material preparation process is a crucial factor. The operator needs to control the quality of the clay, determine the appropriate mixing ratio, and ensure uniformity in each batch of raw material. This places high demands on the control and quality assessment of the input raw material.

When entering the firing process, controlling the temperature and time is decisive. The operator needs to continuously monitor and adjust these parameters to ensure that the firing process is uniform and efficient. At the same time, they must also keep the system safe and comply with environmental standards.

2. Types of Accidents During the Operation of the Clay Firing Kiln for Hollow Brick Production

During the operation of a clay firing kiln for hollow brick production, types of accidents can occur and require special attention from the staff. Some common risks include the risk of fire and explosion due to the high temperature in the kiln and exposure to toxic chemicals.

Fire and explosion accidents can arise when the firing process is not tightly controlled or when there is a technical failure. Employees need to be trained to handle emergencies, use firefighting equipment, and know how to use safety equipment.

Exposure to toxic chemicals during the production process is also a risk. Workers need to be fully equipped with personal protective equipment and ensure compliance with occupational safety rules. They must be aware of the types of chemicals they may be exposed to and know how to respond in the event of an incident.

3. Causes of Accidents When Operating the Clay Firing Kiln for Hollow Brick Production

There are many causes of accidents during the operation of a clay firing kiln for hollow brick production. One of the main causes is a deficiency in the management of the production process. When the control of temperature, firing time, or the mixing ratio of raw materials is not up to standard, it can lead to uncontrollable situations.

Another cause is related to the improper use of equipment or its unstable technical condition. A technical failure on the firing kiln, the control system, or the safety devices can cause an accident if not properly maintained.

Lack of knowledge and poor training are also significant causes. Employees who do not have a clear understanding of the operating principles and safety can create conditions for an accident to occur. Full training and a deep understanding of the process are important to prevent unwanted situations.

4. Accident Prevention Measures When Operating the Clay Firing Kiln for Hollow Brick Production

To ensure occupational safety when operating a clay firing kiln for hollow brick production, establishing and implementing accident prevention measures is extremely important. First and foremost is ensuring that all employees involved in the operation process have been trained in occupational safety.

Occupational safety training helps employees to be clearly aware of the potential risks and understand how to respond to emergencies. It also assists in the selection and proper use of personal protective equipment.

Another important measure is to perform regular inspection and maintenance for both the kiln system and other equipment. This helps to prevent technical failures and keeps the entire operation process stable.

In addition, establishing specific safety procedures, including default rules when working near the firing kiln and hazardous areas, also plays an important role in minimizing the risk of accidents.

5. Occupational Safety Regulations When Operating the Clay Firing Kiln for Hollow Brick Production

Occupational safety regulations when operating a clay firing kiln for hollow brick production set out specific guidelines to protect employees and maintain a safe working environment. First, all employees involved in the operation must be trained in occupational safety, including rules for the use and personal protection.

This regulation requires strict adherence to work procedures near the firing kiln and hazardous areas. The use of personal protective equipment, such as helmets, safety glasses, and other protective gear, is mandatory to minimize the risk of injury.

In addition, the regulation also recommends the establishment of adequate safety signs and instructions, helping employees to have a clear understanding of the risks and how to respond. Fire and explosion prevention measures, environmental pollution control, and waste management are also set out to ensure safety and protect the environment.

6. Handling Emergency Accidents When Operating the Clay Firing Kiln for Hollow Brick Production

Handling an emergency accident when operating a clay firing kiln is an important part of safety preparation. In the event of a fire or explosion, employees must immediately activate the fire alarm system, use firefighting equipment, and guide colleagues to evacuate.

In the case of exposure to toxic chemicals, wearing full personal protective equipment and immediately leaving the contaminated area is the top priority. At the same time, immediately report the incident to get support from the safety team.

Maintaining special escape techniques is crucial. Employees need to be trained to use safe escape routes and know how to respond to an emergency without increasing the risk.

IV. Occupational safety and health for employees checking the quality of finished hollow bricks

1. Job Characteristics of Checking the Quality of Finished Hollow Bricks

During the process of checking the quality of finished hollow bricks, the main task is to ensure that the product meets the set standards and technical requirements. This job includes many important characteristics to ensure the uniformity and high quality of the hollow bricks.

One of the most important factors is checking the dimensions of the hollow brick. This requires high precision to ensure that the length, width, and height all comply with the regulations. Checking random samples from product batches helps to ensure the representativeness of the production process.

In addition, the load-bearing capacity and durability of the hollow brick are also important points to consider. By using appropriate measuring and testing equipment, the inspector can evaluate the product’s load-bearing capacity and ensure that it meets safety and technical standards.

2. Types of Accidents During the Process of Checking the Quality of Finished Hollow Bricks

During the process of checking the quality of finished hollow bricks, there are accident risks that need to be considered and managed carefully. Some common accidents include product breakage and unwanted collisions.

Breakage accidents often occur when moving and handling hollow bricks. The improper use of moving equipment or failure to follow safety procedures can lead to product damage and the risk of injury to the worker.

In addition, collision accidents can occur during the transportation and storage of the product. Failure to ensure that the hollow bricks are placed and stored safely can lead to unwanted consequences, affecting the quality of the product and sometimes causing a loss in quantity.

3. Causes of Accidents When Checking the Quality of Finished Hollow Bricks

There are many causes of accidents during the process of checking the quality of finished hollow bricks. One of the main causes is a lack of knowledge and skills of the employees regarding the inspection process. Limited understanding of how to use the inspection equipment and apply the correct procedures can lead to errors and unwanted accidents.

Malfunctioning inspection equipment is also a common cause. Equipment that is broken or not properly maintained can lead to inaccurate inspection results, which can cause confusion and affect the quality of the final product.

Employees not adhering to safety rules is another cause of accidents. Not wearing adequate protective gear, using equipment without following safety instructions, or violating safety rules can lead to the risk of serious accidents.

4. Accident Prevention Measures When Checking the Quality of Finished Hollow Bricks

To ensure safety and risk management during the process of checking the quality of finished hollow bricks, implementing preventive measures is key. One of the important points is to train employees on the inspection process and the use of equipment, combined with the basic principles of Occupational Environment Monitoring.

Employees need to have a clear understanding of safety rules and techniques for using equipment, helping them to avoid many accidents that can occur due to a lack of knowledge. In addition, ensuring that all inspection equipment is properly maintained also plays an important role in reducing the risk of failures and accidents.

Occupational environment monitoring is an important part of the preventive measures. This includes measuring factors such as light, noise, and chemicals that can affect the health of employees. Assessing the work environment helps to identify and minimize accident risks related to the work environment.

5. Occupational Safety Regulations When Checking the Quality of Finished Hollow Bricks

During the process of checking the quality of finished hollow bricks, adherence to occupational safety regulations plays a crucial role in ensuring a safe working environment and minimizing the risk of accidents. Employees are regularly trained on the safe and effective use of inspection equipment, and they must also adhere to the rules on personal protective equipment.

Safety regulations also include ensuring that all inspection equipment is regularly inspected and properly maintained, reducing the risk of failures and ensuring accurate inspection results. Basic protective measures such as wearing safety glasses, gloves, and protective clothing must also be fully applied.

For the work environment, safety regulations also pay special attention to minimizing the impact of factors such as noise, light, and chemicals. Regular measurement and monitoring help to assess the level of risk and establish effective preventive measures.

6. Handling Emergency Accidents When Checking the Quality of Finished Hollow Bricks

In the event of an emergency accident while checking the quality of hollow bricks, employees need to be trained to handle the situation quickly and safely. The most important thing is to protect the health and lives of the employees and those around them.

When an accident occurs, immediate notification and calling for help is the top priority. Employees need to be equipped with basic first aid skills and use first aid equipment when necessary. At the same time, protecting oneself and others from the risk of infection or toxic substances is important.

Before any emergency, employees need to know how to use safety equipment such as fire extinguishers and the fire alarm system. If necessary, calling the emergency medical team and reporting the situation in detail is important to ensure professional assistance.

In addition, practicing accident scenarios helps employees to become familiar with the emergency handling process and enhances their ability to react flexibly. This also helps the entire organization to make improvements in its accident and emergency prevention plans.

V. Occupational safety and health for employees packing finished hollow bricks

1. Job Characteristics of Packing Finished Hollow Bricks

During the process of packing finished hollow bricks, there are specific characteristics that require special attention and care. Most importantly, the packing process must ensure the properties and quality of the final product. The arrangement of the hollow bricks must be done carefully to avoid damage or collisions that cause loss.

To ensure safety during transportation, the packing must follow safety rules and protect the product from environmental factors. In particular, store the hollow bricks away from direct contact with rain, sun, or any weather conditions that could affect their quality.

2. Types of Accidents During the Process of Packing Finished Hollow Bricks

During the process of packing finished hollow bricks, there are accident risks that need attention. Some common accidents include collisions between blocks of hollow bricks, causing damage or fragmentation. To avoid this accident, the arrangement and packing process must be done carefully and according to procedure.

In addition, the use of lifting equipment and machinery in the packing process also carries a risk of occupational accidents. This places high demands on training employees to operate machinery and adhering to occupational safety measures. Accidents can occur if the packing process does not follow safety rules or when the equipment is not properly maintained.

3. Causes of Accidents When Packing Finished Hollow Bricks

The causes of accidents during the hollow brick packing process can stem from many different factors. One of the main causes is a lack of attention and skill in the goods handling process. Employees who are not fully trained or do not follow safety rules can lead to incidents during the arrangement and packing process.

Improperly maintained equipment and machinery are also a significant cause. A technical failure on the machinery can lead to unwanted situations, affecting the safety of the worker and the quality of the product.

Failure to follow the correct packing procedure is also another cause. Applying the wrong rules for arranging, packing, or using protective material incorrectly can cause loss and accidents. Sometimes, time pressure can also lead to shortcomings in the packing process, increasing the risk of an incident occurring.

4. Accident Prevention Measures When Packing Finished Hollow Bricks

To ensure safety during the process of packing finished hollow bricks, applying preventive measures is crucial. First, training employees on safety rules and packing techniques is key. Employees need to have a clear understanding of how to use equipment, machinery, and adhere to occupational safety procedures.

Regular maintenance and periodic inspection of equipment is another important measure to avoid technical failures. Keeping the machinery in good working order helps to reduce the risk of accidents and ensure production efficiency.

Apply the correct packing procedure and closely supervise the work process to avoid errors. Employees need to be guided on how to arrange, pack, and use protective material effectively, ensuring the product is not damaged or lost during transportation.

5. Occupational Safety Regulations When Packing Finished Hollow Bricks

Occupational safety regulations are an important factor in the process of packing finished hollow bricks. Employees need to be trained on the use of personal protective equipment and specific safety measures when working. Ensure that everyone adheres to the use of safety glasses, gloves, and protective clothing to reduce the risk of injury.

The work process must also comply with regulations on safe distances, avoiding collisions between machinery and employees. At the same time, an understanding of how to handle protective materials and chemicals is important to ensure safety and avoid the risk of harm to health.

Another factor is the periodic inspection and maintenance of machinery to ensure that it is always operating stably and safely. Employees need to be instructed on the safety rules when using the equipment and to report any technical problems that arise immediately.

6. Handling Emergency Accidents When Packing Finished Hollow Bricks

Handling an emergency accident is an important part of the hollow brick packing process. When an accident occurs, employees need to be alert and follow safety procedures. First, ensure personal safety by wearing full protective equipment. Then, issue an emergency warning to inform everyone around of the situation.

Immediately activate the alarm system and call the first aid team when necessary. While waiting for help, the employee is responsible for providing first aid to any injured person according to basic first aid rules. Avoid direct contact with chemicals if any, and move the injured out of the danger zone.

Most importantly, record the details of the incident, including the cause and the measures taken. This helps to improve the process and prevent a recurrence of the accident in the future. Handling an emergency accident requires speed, maturity, and full training to ensure the safety of everyone during the hollow brick packing process.