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PART I: CURRENT STATE OF SAFETY IN THE LIME MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY

I. General Situation

The Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs informs sectors and localities of the occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 and outlines key solutions to proactively prevent incidents and accidents in the last 6 months of 2024. According to reports from 61 out of 63 centrally governed provinces and cities, in the first 6 months of 2024, there were a total of 3,201 occupational accidents nationwide (a decrease of 227 cases, equivalent to 7.09% compared to the same period in 2023), resulting in 3,065 victims (a decrease of 197 people, equivalent to 6.04% compared to the first 6 months of 2023), including both employees under labor contracts and those working without labor contracts. Specifically:

Number of fatal occupational accidents: 320 cases, a decrease of 25 cases (7.25%) compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 245 cases in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 28 cases or 10.3%; and 75 cases in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 3 cases or 4.2% compared to the first 6 months of 2023);
Number of deaths due to occupational accidents: 346 people, a decrease of 7 people or 1.98% compared to the same period in 2023 (including 268 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 13 people or 4.63%; and 78 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 6 people or 8.33%).
Number of people seriously injured: 810 people, an increase of 26 people or 3.32% compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 710 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 5 people or 0.7%; and 100 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 31 people or 44.92%).

Download the PDF file Occupational Accident Report – First 6 Months of 2024 issued by the Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs.

The occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 in both sectors with and without labor relations saw a decrease in the number of deaths and fatal accidents compared to the same period in 2023.

II. Some Occupational Accidents in Lime (chalk stone) Manufacturing Plants

In the lime (chalk stone) manufacturing industry, occupational accidents are a significant concern. Below are some notable cases of occupational accidents in lime manufacturing plants:

Risk of fire and explosion: One of the biggest risks in a lime manufacturing plant is the risk of fire and explosion. The combination of oxidizing agents and flammable substances can lead to large explosions. Accidents such as flammable gas leaks, sudden fires, or electrical explosions can cause serious injuries and even fatalities.
Accumulation of toxic gases: During the lime production process, toxic gases such as methane and hydrogen sulfide can be present. Negligence in the management and control of these gases can lead to accidents due to gas poisoning.
Machinery accidents: Lime manufacturing plants often use complex equipment and machinery to quarry and process limestone. Accidents can occur due to technical failures, operational errors with machinery, or worker negligence.
Occupational safety risks: Activities such as quarrying, crushing, and transporting limestone can cause occupational accidents like impacts, falls, and injuries during the operation of vehicles and equipment.
Lack of occupational safety and vocational education: Some occupational accidents could be avoided with clear and complete safety procedures. However, in some cases, a lack of attention to safety and a lack of proper vocational education can lead to unwanted accidents.

Occupational accidents in lime manufacturing plants are a reminder that maintaining a safe working environment and promoting occupational safety education are extremely important for the sustainable development of this industry.

PART II: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH IN LIME MANUFACTURING

I. Occupational Safety and Health for Employees Operating Limestone (chalk stone) Crushing Machines to Create Smaller Particles

1. Characteristics of the Job of Operating a Limestone (chalk stone) Crushing Machine to Create Smaller Particles

The characteristics of the job of operating a limestone (chalk stone) crushing machine to convert it into smaller particles include a series of technical processes and activities. First and foremost, this process requires a solid understanding of the machinery and equipment, including the crusher, conveyor belts, power supply, and control systems. The operator needs to know how to adjust the crusher to achieve the desired particle size and maintain operational efficiency.

In addition, it is important to control the production process to ensure safety and efficiency. This includes monitoring parameters such as pressure, temperature, and flow rate to ensure the machinery is operating under optimal conditions. At the same time, the operator also needs to perform regular maintenance and repairs as needed to avoid breakdowns and ensure the continuity of the production process.

Another important factor is product quality control. The operator needs to monitor the particle size and uniformity of the final product to ensure it meets customer requirements. This may require adjusting the machinery and production process according to the specific needs of each batch.

2. Types of Occupational Accidents During the Process of Operating a Limestone (chalk stone) Crushing Machine to Create Smaller Particles

During the operation of a limestone crushing machine to convert it into smaller particles, several types of occupational accidents can occur. One of the most common risks is accidents related to sensors and automation equipment. Entering a hazardous area while the crusher is in operation can cause serious accidents. Lapses in maintenance and inspection can also lead to unexpected incidents.

Furthermore, accidents can occur due to collisions or getting caught in the moving parts of the crusher. Blades, conveyor belts, and other components can pose a serious risk if not operated or maintained correctly. In addition, working in an environment with a lot of dust and noise can be harmful to workers’ health, causing respiratory problems and other accident risks.

To prevent accidents, it is necessary to strictly adhere to occupational safety rules, including wearing personal protective equipment, providing guidance and training to employees on safety measures, and conducting regular inspections to detect and promptly fix technical problems. This not only protects the health and lives of workers but also helps maintain efficiency and stability in the production process.

3. Causes of Occupational Accidents When Operating a Limestone (chalk stone) Crushing Machine to Create Smaller Particles

There are several main causes of occupational accidents when operating a limestone crushing machine to convert it into smaller particles. One of the main causes is a lack of understanding and operational skills. Employees who are not properly trained or lack experience may not recognize dangerous situations or know how to respond when an incident occurs.

Secondly, factors related to maintenance and repair also cause many accidents. Neglecting regular maintenance measures or failing to perform timely repairs can lead to breakdowns and unwanted accidents. In particular, performing repairs while the machine is running without following safety rules is also a significant cause.

Furthermore, an unsafe working environment also plays an important role in causing accidents. The presence of rock dust and other solid materials can reduce visibility and cause a risk of collision and entanglement. In addition, noise and vibration from the crusher can also reduce concentration and increase the risk of accidents.

4. Preventive Measures for Occupational Accidents When Operating a Limestone (chalk stone) Crushing Machine to Create Smaller Particles

To prevent occupational accidents when operating a limestone crushing machine to convert it into smaller particles, occupational safety training plays a crucial role. First, it is necessary to establish a comprehensive safety training program for all employees involved in operating and maintaining the crusher. The training should cover aspects such as recognizing and responding to potential hazards, safe operating skills, proper maintenance procedures, and safe repair measures.

Second, technical measures should be applied to minimize accident risks. This includes improving the design and safety of the machinery, such as installing safety sensors and protective devices, and ensuring that operating procedures are designed to minimize the risk of collision and entanglement.

In addition, maintaining a clean and safe working environment is also very important. Remove rock dust and other solid materials from the work area, ensure safe walkways, and keep the work area tidy to avoid collisions and entanglement.

5. Occupational Safety Regulations When Operating a Limestone (chalk stone) Crushing Machine to Create Smaller Particles

Occupational safety regulations when operating a limestone crushing machine to convert it into smaller particles are an important part of ensuring a safe working environment and protecting the health of employees. During this process, certain safety regulations and measures must be followed to minimize the risk of accidents and promote production efficiency.

First of all, all employees involved in operating the limestone crusher must be trained in basic safety measures, including how to use personal protective equipment, recognize and respond to potential hazards, and safety procedures when working near operating machinery.

Next, it is necessary to establish safe operating procedures, including establishing and maintaining restricted zones and safe areas, ensuring protective devices are installed and functioning effectively, and conducting periodic checks to ensure compliance with safety regulations.

In addition, monitoring and assessing occupational risks during operation is also an important part of occupational safety regulations. This includes conducting periodic safety inspections, recording incidents and suggesting improvements, and providing additional training when necessary.

6. Handling Emergency Occupational Accident Situations When Operating a Limestone (chalk stone) Crushing Machine to Create Smaller Particles

Handling emergency occupational accident situations when operating a limestone crushing machine to create smaller particles requires quick thinking and coping skills from employees. In the event of an accident, a quick and effective response can be key to minimizing consequences and protecting the health of employees.

First, workers need to protect themselves by stopping operations immediately and activating alarm systems or calling a manager or rescue team. At the same time, they also need to ensure the safety of others in the area by warning and guiding them away from the danger zone.

Next, immediate first aid measures should be taken as instructed by trained rescue personnel or based on guidance from an emergency center. This may include providing first aid to the victim, ensuring an escape route is clear of the cut-off area, and calling an ambulance if necessary.

Finally, after the situation has stabilized, it is necessary to record the event and notify the relevant authorities to conduct an investigation and analyze the cause. This helps to improve safety measures and prevent similar accidents in the future.

II. Occupational Safety and Health for Employees Operating a High-Temperature Kiln for Limestone (chalk stone) to Produce Calcined Lime

1. Characteristics of the Job of Operating a High-Temperature Kiln for Limestone (chalk stone) to Produce Calcined Lime

Operating a limestone kiln is a complex process that requires expertise and skill to ensure the efficient production of calcined lime. This process begins with arranging and sourcing the limestone, which is then transferred into the kiln. At high temperatures, the limestone undergoes a calcination process, in which the calcium carbonate in the stone decomposes into lime and carbon dioxide gas.

To achieve the highest efficiency, temperature management within the kiln is extremely important. This is usually done through the use of an automatic temperature control system or the manual intervention of specialized staff. At the same time, maintaining the gas flow and pressure in the kiln also needs to be properly adjusted to ensure the calcination process proceeds stably and effectively. For large limestone kilns, a smoke and dust control system is necessary to protect the environment and the health of employees.

Organizing and maintaining the kiln is also a crucial part of ensuring the continuous and safe operation of the production system. Thus, operating a high-temperature limestone kiln requires expertise, precise temperature and pressure management, as well as attention to the environment and occupational safety.

2. Types of Occupational Accidents During the Process of Operating a High-Temperature Kiln for Limestone (chalk stone) to Produce Calcined Lime

During the operation of a high-temperature limestone kiln, there are several common types of occupational accidents that employees need to be wary of. One of the main risks is accidents due to high temperatures; when working near the kiln, employees are at risk of burns, especially if they do not follow occupational safety rules.

In addition, handling and transporting limestone can also cause accidents, including slips and falls, falling objects, or being crushed due to the weight and instability of the stone. Furthermore, during operations with equipment and machinery in the kiln, the risk of being hit, crushed, or cut is also a threat to the health and safety of employees.

To minimize the risk of accidents, training and adherence to occupational safety rules are extremely important. Personal protective measures such as wearing helmets, heat-resistant clothing, and gloves should also be used correctly. In addition, regular maintenance and inspection of equipment and machinery also help to reduce the risk of occupational accidents during the operation of the limestone kiln.

3. Causes of Occupational Accidents When Operating a High-Temperature Kiln for Limestone (chalk stone) to Produce Calcined Lime

There are many causes of occupational accidents during the operation of a high-temperature limestone kiln. One of the main causes is a lack of knowledge and training in occupational safety on the part of the employees. Not fully understanding the work process and safety rules can lead to incorrect actions near the kiln, increasing the risk of burns or injury.

Lack of control and management by the factory is also a significant cause, where there is no monitoring system or periodic inspection to ensure compliance with occupational safety rules. An unsafe working environment, including the presence of hazardous materials, equipment malfunction, or errors in the work process, is also a cause for concern.

Furthermore, production pressure and deadlines can lead to hasty or careless work, increasing the risk of occupational accidents. For lime manufacturing plants, identifying and addressing these causes is extremely important to ensure a safe and efficient working environment.

4. Preventive Measures for Occupational Accidents When Operating a High-Temperature Kiln for Limestone (chalk stone) to Produce Calcined Lime

To ensure the safety of employees during the operation of a high-temperature limestone kiln, applying occupational accident prevention measures is extremely important. One of the main measures is the implementation of periodic occupational environment monitoring. In this way, parameters such as temperature, pressure, gas flow, and toxic substances can be monitored and adjusted to ensure a safe working environment.

At the same time, training employees on safety procedures is also very important. Employees need to be instructed on how to use personal protective equipment, recognize potential hazards, and react in case of an incident. In addition, regular maintenance and inspection of equipment and machinery is also an effective accident prevention measure.

Periodic maintenance helps to detect and fix technical faults, thereby reducing the risk of incidents and occupational accidents. Finally, implementing risk control measures and strictly adhering to occupational safety rules is the best way to protect the health and lives of employees during the operation of the limestone kiln.

5. Occupational Safety Regulations When Operating a High-Temperature Kiln for Limestone (chalk stone) to Produce Calcined Lime

Occupational safety regulations during the operation of a high-temperature limestone kiln are an indispensable part of ensuring a safe working environment for employees. First, all employees involved in this process must be trained on the potential hazards and necessary safety measures.

They need to clearly understand the use of personal protective equipment such as helmets, heat-resistant gloves, and heat-resistant jackets to protect themselves from the risk of burns and explosions. In addition, adhering to rules about safe distances from the kiln is also very important to avoid unwanted accidents.

At the same time, the use of automatic temperature control systems or measurement devices such as occupational environment monitoring also helps to minimize risks and ensure safe working conditions. Finally, conducting periodic inspections and maintenance for equipment and machinery also plays an important role in ensuring all activities are carried out safely and efficiently.

6. Handling Emergency Occupational Accident Situations When Operating a High-Temperature Kiln for Limestone (chalk stone) to Produce Calcined Lime

Handling emergency occupational accident situations during the operation of a high-temperature limestone kiln requires a quick and accurate response from employees and management. First and foremost, ensuring one’s own safety and that of colleagues is the top priority.

In case an incident occurs, employees must immediately report it to the manager and request necessary assistance. If someone is injured, first aid must be administered immediately. At the same time, the incident area needs to be closed off and secured to prevent the risk of the accident spreading.

Employees need to follow safety procedures and instructions from the manager to ensure that the emergency situation is handled in the safest and most effective way. At the same time, conducting a post-incident investigation helps to identify the cause and apply preventive measures to prevent similar incidents from occurring in the future.

III. Occupational Safety and Health for Employees Operating Machines for Processing and Refining Limestone (chalk stone) to Remove Impurities and Improve Final Product Quality

1. Characteristics of the Job of Operating Machines for Processing and Refining Limestone (chalk stone) to Remove Impurities and Improve Final Product Quality

When operating machines for processing and refining limestone (chalk stone) to remove impurities and improve the final product quality, there are several important characteristics to note. First of all, this process requires a deep understanding of the properties of limestone and the impurities that may be present in the raw material. Operating personnel must be proficient with the technical specifications of the machine, including pressure, temperature, and other adjustable parameters to ensure the processing is effective.

Another important factor is the continuous monitoring of the machine’s operation to ensure it runs stably and without incidents. This may include checking and adjusting technical parameters, handling minor issues quickly, and monitoring the quality of the output product.

In particular, regular maintenance and cleaning of the machine are also very important to ensure optimal performance and avoid unexpected breakdowns. Employees need to perform maintenance tasks such as cleaning, lubricating, inspecting, and replacing components periodically to ensure the machine operates stably and efficiently.

2. Types of Occupational Accidents During the Process of Operating Machines for Processing and Refining Limestone (chalk stone) to Remove Impurities and Improve Final Product Quality

During the process of operating machines for processing and refining limestone to remove impurities and improve product quality, there are several types of occupational accidents that employees must be aware of and prevent. One of the common risks is machine failure, when machinery malfunctions or breaks down during operation. This can happen due to technical issues, improper use, or lack of safety controls.

Accidents related to chemicals are also a significant hazard. Working with chemicals can pose a risk of explosion, fire, or environmental contamination if proper safety and protection measures are not followed.

In addition, mechanical accidents can also occur, including collisions, slips and falls, or getting caught in the mechanical parts of the machinery. This is particularly dangerous if there are no proper protective measures or if employees are not adequately trained in occupational safety and machine operation.

3. Causes of Occupational Accidents When Operating Machines for Processing and Refining Limestone (chalk stone) to Remove Impurities and Improve Final Product Quality

There are several main causes of occupational accidents during the process of operating machines for processing and refining limestone to remove impurities and improve the final product quality. One of the main causes is the lack of necessary knowledge and skills in machine operation and safety measures. Employees who are not fully trained on how to use machinery safely can easily encounter dangerous situations or unfortunately have an accident.

Secondly, unsafe working conditions are also a significant cause of occupational accidents. Factors such as poor lighting, narrow workspaces, or a contaminated work environment can create an unsafe environment for machine operators.

Another cause is negligence or lack of proper attention from employees. Failure to follow safety procedures, not using proper personal protective equipment, or negligence in inspecting and maintaining machinery can lead to unwanted accidents.

4. Preventive Measures for Occupational Accidents When Operating Machines for Processing and Refining Limestone (chalk stone) to Remove Impurities and Improve Final Product Quality

To prevent occupational accidents when operating machines for processing and refining limestone to remove impurities and improve the final product quality, safety measures must be implemented seriously and systematically. First, training and educating employees on how to operate machines safely is very important. They need to be provided with knowledge about the machine’s operating procedures, the safety measures to be taken, and how to handle emergency situations.

Second, performing regular inspections and maintenance for the machinery is extremely important to ensure that they operate stably and safely. Employees should be instructed on how to inspect machinery, recognize signs of potential problems, and report them promptly to avoid accidents.

In addition, the use of personal protective equipment is essential to protect the health of employees. Ensure that all employees are fully equipped with various types of protective gear such as masks, safety glasses, gloves, and protective clothing when working near machinery or with hazardous chemicals.

5. Occupational Safety Regulations When Operating Machines for Processing and Refining Limestone (chalk stone) to Remove Impurities and Improve Final Product Quality

Occupational safety regulations when operating machines for processing and refining limestone are an indispensable part of the production environment. To ensure the safety of employees, it is necessary to establish and adhere to specific regulations.

First, all employees involved in operating the machines must be trained in occupational safety and safe machine operating procedures. They need to know how to use personal protective equipment correctly and how to respond to emergencies.

The regulations should also include regular inspection and maintenance for the machinery, as well as checking and monitoring the work process to ensure that all activities are carried out safely and effectively.

In addition, identifying and minimizing risks from environmental factors in the workplace is also an important part of the safety regulations. This may include controlling dust, ensuring good ventilation, and using chemicals safely.

6. Handling Emergency Occupational Accident Situations When Operating Machines for Processing and Refining Limestone (chalk stone) to Remove Impurities and Improve Final Product Quality

In the event of an occupational accident while operating machines for processing and refining limestone, handling the emergency situation is very important to ensure the safety of all employees. First and foremost, the safety of employees must be ensured by immediately stopping the machine’s operation and making sure that no one is in a dangerous situation or needs rescue.

After that, the manager or trained personnel must immediately notify the fire and ambulance services so they can provide the necessary assistance and treatment. At the same time, first aid must be organized for the victim if necessary, such as using first aid or local emergency services.

Continuing to keep the area safe and preventing any further risks from occurring is a crucial part of the emergency response process. This may include isolating the accident area, ensuring hazardous materials are controlled, and informing all necessary personnel about the current situation and safety measures.

IV. Occupational Safety and Health for Employees Operating Machines to Package Lime (chalk stone) into Suitable Packaging and Ready for Transport

1. Characteristics of the Job of Operating Machines to Package Lime (chalk stone) into Suitable Packaging and Ready for Transport

Operating a machine to package lime into suitable packaging ready for transport requires care and an understanding of the production process. Employees must work with the packaging machine with precision and finesse, ensuring that each package is packed evenly and safely. They must ensure that the machine operates stably and does not cause problems during the packaging process. This requires technical control and basic repair skills to handle any issues that arise.

In addition, selecting and preparing the packaging is also an important part. Employees must carefully check the quality of the packaging, ensuring it meets safety and quality standards. They must also determine the appropriate type of packaging for the product and transport conditions to ensure the best protection for the product during transit.

Finally, employees need to comply with occupational safety and environmental regulations. The operation of the packaging machine should be carried out in a safe and clean working environment to ensure the health of the employees and the quality of the final product.

2. Types of Occupational Accidents During the Process of Operating Machines to Package Lime (chalk stone) into Suitable Packaging and Ready for Transport

During the operation of machines to package lime into packaging, there are several types of occupational accidents that employees need to be aware of. One of the most common risks is accidents related to machinery, including collisions, the automatic lid of the packaging machine closing improperly, or getting caught between parts of the machine. These accidents can cause serious injury or even death if not handled promptly.

In addition, working in an environment with a lot of lime dust can also cause health problems such as respiratory inflammation, dermatitis, or eye problems. Employees need to be fully equipped with personal protective equipment to protect their health while working.

Safety accidents can also occur due to non-compliance with safe work procedures, lack of knowledge on how to use the machine, or a lapse in alertness. Therefore, training and enhancing safety awareness among employees is very important to minimize accidents during the operation of lime packaging machines.

3. Causes of Occupational Accidents When Operating Machines to Package Lime (chalk stone) into Suitable Packaging and Ready for Transport

There are several main causes of occupational accidents during the process of operating machines to package lime into packaging. One of the most important causes is a lack of knowledge and skills on how to use the packaging machine. When employees are not adequately trained on how to operate and maintain the machine, they may be involved in accidents due to malfunctions or improper use.

In addition, the working environment also plays an important role in causing accidents. Lack of safety during the work process, including non-compliance with occupational safety procedures and the use of protective equipment, can lead to accident-related issues.

Another cause could be a technical failure of the packaging machine, including faults or breakdowns that are not detected and repaired in time. When the machine is not working correctly, the accident rate can increase significantly.

4. Preventive Measures for Occupational Accidents When Operating Machines to Package Lime (chalk stone) into Suitable Packaging and Ready for Transport

To prevent occupational accidents when operating machines to package lime into packaging, safety measures must be applied seriously and regularly. First, ensuring that employees are fully trained on how to use and maintain the machine is extremely important. This training should include instructions on how to operate the machine safely, how to handle incidents, and periodic maintenance.

Next, maintaining a clean and safe working environment also plays an important role. Removing dust and debris from the machine and work area will minimize the risk of accidents.

It is necessary to apply full personal protective equipment for employees, including the use of helmets, safety glasses, and work clothes that are resistant to dust and corrosive substances.

In addition, adhering to occupational safety procedures and periodically inspecting machinery are also important measures. Building a safe work culture in the production facility will also help to increase safety awareness and minimize the risk of occupational accidents.

5. Occupational Safety Regulations When Operating Machines to Package Lime (chalk stone) into Suitable Packaging and Ready for Transport

Occupational safety regulations when operating a machine to package lime into packaging are an important part of ensuring a safe working environment and protecting the health of employees. These regulations cover many aspects:

First and foremost, employees need to be fully trained on how to operate the machine safely and effectively. This includes learning how to start, stop the machine, and handle incidents correctly.

Next, the use of protective equipment is mandatory. Employees must wear safety glasses, respiratory masks when working in dusty and chemical environments, as well as ensure the use of helmets and safety shoes.

Safety regulations also include the periodic inspection and maintenance of machinery. Ensuring that the packaging machine is properly maintained will minimize the risk of incidents and accidents.

6. Handling Emergency Occupational Accident Situations When Operating Machines to Package Lime (chalk stone) into Suitable Packaging and Ready for Transport

In the event of an occupational accident while operating a machine to package lime into packaging, emergency handling is very important to ensure the safety and protect the health of employees. First, the victim should be checked and immediate first aid measures should be taken. If there is a threat to life or health, emergency services should be called and necessary first aid should be provided to the victim.

After that, the operation of the packaging machine should be stopped and other potential hazards should be prevented. Employees must be instructed to ensure safety during the accident handling process, including turning off the machine and providing protection for the victim and those around.

The accident should be reported, and detailed information about the incident should be collected to analyze the cause and prevent similar accidents in the future. This also helps to improve occupational safety measures and ensure a safer working environment.