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This document is a detailed guide, helping you to clearly understand measures to protect workers and at the same time optimize product quality. Join us to discover the important points and challenges posed in this industry.

Table of Contents

PART I: CURRENT STATE OF SAFETY IN THE CASHEW PRODUCTION INDUSTRY

I. General Situation

The Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs informs sectors and localities of the occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 and outlines key solutions to proactively prevent incidents and accidents in the last 6 months of 2024. According to reports from 61 out of 63 centrally governed provinces and cities, in the first 6 months of 2024, there were a total of 3,201 occupational accidents nationwide (a decrease of 227 cases, equivalent to 7.09% compared to the same period in 2023), resulting in 3,065 victims (a decrease of 197 people, equivalent to 6.04% compared to the first 6 months of 2023), including both employees under labor contracts and those working without labor contracts. Specifically:

Number of fatal occupational accidents: 320 cases, a decrease of 25 cases (7.25%) compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 245 cases in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 28 cases or 10.3%; and 75 cases in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 3 cases or 4.2% compared to the first 6 months of 2023);
Number of deaths due to occupational accidents: 346 people, a decrease of 7 people or 1.98% compared to the same period in 2023 (including 268 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 13 people or 4.63%; and 78 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 6 people or 8.33%).
Number of people seriously injured: 810 people, an increase of 26 people or 3.32% compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 710 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 5 people or 0.7%; and 100 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 31 people or 44.92%).

Download the PDF file Occupational Accident Report – First 6 Months of 2024 issued by the Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs.

The occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 in both sectors with and without labor relations saw a decrease in the number of deaths and fatal accidents compared to the same period in 2023.

II. Some Occupational Accidents in Cashew Production Plants

In the cashew production industry, occupational accidents are a major challenge facing factories and workers. These incidents not only cause severe injuries to employees but also affect production efficiency and the company’s reputation. Let’s learn about some specific accidents in the cashew production industry and the consequences they bring.

The Danger of Cashew Pressing Machines: One of the main issues is safety when using cashew pressing machines. Accidents frequently occur when employees do not follow proper safety procedures or when the pressing machine has a technical malfunction. We will delve into some specific accidents to better understand the causes and how the industry is dealing with this problem.
Safety Aspects in the Production Process: The cashew production process can be full of risks if not carried out correctly. We will analyze cases where adherence to safety procedures was neglected and affected the safety of employees in the factory. At the same time, we will look at the solutions the industry is seeking to minimize occupational accidents.
Economic and Social Consequences: In addition to the direct impact on employees, occupational accidents also cause economic and social consequences. We will analyze how these accidents affect the company’s costs, as well as how they face concerns from the community and regulatory agencies.

PART II: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH IN CASHEW PRODUCTION

I. Occupational safety and health for employees harvesting cashews

1. Job Characteristics of Harvesting Cashews

Harvesting cashews requires careful attention and high skill from the farmers. This process usually takes place in the autumn, when the cashew trees begin to flower and bear fruit. Some important characteristics of the harvesting work include:

Harvesting Time: Cashew fruits are harvested when they reach optimal ripeness. This requires careful observation from the farmers to ensure high quality.
Harvesting Method: Cashew harvesting is usually done by hand to avoid damaging the fruit. Farmers use special tools to carefully cut the cashew fruit from the tree.
Post-Harvest Processing: After harvesting, the cashew fruit needs to be processed immediately to preserve its quality and flavor. This step includes removing the nut from the fruit, cleaning it, and then drying it.
Storage and Transportation: After being harvested and processed, the cashew nuts are stored under controlled temperature and humidity conditions to ensure they do not become damp or moldy. The transportation process also needs to be carried out carefully to ensure appropriate space and storage conditions.

2. Types of Accidents During Cashew Harvesting

The cashew harvesting process not only presents technical and product quality challenges but also faces accident risks. Common types of accidents in this process include:

When using tools to cut the cashew fruit, farmers may encounter accidents such as cutting their hands or fingers, especially when working quickly to ensure timely harvesting.

The risk of falling is also an issue, especially when working on uneven and loose soil, increasing the risk of fractures, sprains, or strains.

Processing the nuts after harvest, such as shelling and drying, can lead to accidents if occupational safety measures are not followed. This can cause injuries to hands, eyes, or harm to health if adequate protective gear is not worn.

3. Causes of Accidents During Cashew Harvesting

Many factors contribute to the risk of accidents during the cashew harvesting process. One of the main causes is a lack of knowledge and training in occupational safety. If workers are not adequately trained on how to use tools and equipment, they may face a high risk of cutting accidents and injuries.

Weather and environmental conditions also play a significant role. In rainy conditions, slippery ground can lead to falls, increasing the risk of fractures, sprains, or strains.

Time pressure is another factor that can cause great stress, leading workers to rush and neglect safety. They may skip personal protective measures and safety rules to complete the job quickly, increasing the chance of an accident.

Lack of personal protective equipment is another cause, as these jobs require proper protection. Not using adequate protection such as gloves, safety glasses, and slip-resistant shoes can lead to accidents and injuries.

4. Accident Prevention Measures During Cashew Harvesting

To reduce the risk of accidents during the cashew harvesting process, applying preventive measures is crucial. First, occupational safety training is key. Workers need to be trained on how to properly use tools and equipment, as well as safety rules when working.

Reasonable time management is also an important factor. Ensuring that workers have enough time to perform their tasks without feeling pressured helps to reduce the risk of rushed work and increases the likelihood of adhering to safety measures.

Regarding environmental conditions, maintaining clean and well-maintained ground to avoid slipperiness is important. In addition, controlling weather conditions and sun exposure reduces the risk of falls and other accidents.

5. Occupational Safety Regulations for Cashew Harvesting

Occupational safety regulations for cashew harvesting play an important role in protecting the health and safety of workers. Farmers are often required to participate in occupational safety training sessions, helping them to understand how to safely use tools and equipment during the harvesting process.

The regulations also set guidelines for managing working hours to reduce pressure and the risk of working too fast. It also proposes safety measures when working on slippery ground, including maintaining safe working environmental conditions.

During the nut processing, the regulations provide specific guidance on how to use personal protective equipment, such as gloves, safety glasses, and slip-resistant shoes. This helps to reduce the risk of injury and ensures that workers comply with relevant safety measures.

6. Handling Emergency Accident Situations During Cashew Harvesting

Handling emergency accident situations during cashew harvesting requires quickness and skill preparation from the worker. In the event of an accident, turning immediately to first aid measures is crucial. First, contact the medical team or emergency services to ensure prompt assistance.

The worker needs to have knowledge of basic first aid measures, including performing CPR if necessary and providing first aid for injuries. Keeping the accident victim stable and comfortable is important, while also ensuring the safety of oneself and those around.

Reporting the accident situation to the manager and colleagues is also an important step to stimulate support and manage the situation effectively. If available, use communication means such as a mobile phone to quickly report the situation.

II. Occupational safety and health for employees shelling the thin protective layer of cashews

1. Job Characteristics of Shelling the Thin Protective Layer of Cashews

The process of shelling the thin protective layer of cashews is a crucial stage in the production process of the agricultural industry. The main characteristic of this job is its delicacy and the demand for skill from the worker. First, the cashews are harvested and then they undergo the shelling process. This process not only requires high technique but also patience and dedication.

The person performing this job often needs to have extensive knowledge on how to handle the cashews without affecting the quality and nutritional value of the product. This poses a challenge for producers, while also creating an opportunity to develop more effective shelling methods and technologies.

2. Types of Accidents in the Process of Shelling the Thin Protective Layer of Cashews

During the process of shelling the thin protective layer of cashews, accidents can occur, requiring special attention and safety measures from the person performing the job. One of the common risks is injury from cutting tools, due to the process of handling the cashews with sharp instruments. The use of safety equipment and precise working methods is important to avoid these accidents.

In addition, problems related to machinery and equipment can arise. Technical failures such as machine breakdowns, power outages, or other issues can disrupt the shelling process, affecting productivity and safety. To minimize risks, regular maintenance and safety checks are important.

Finally, employees need to be trained in occupational safety and emergency measures in case of an accident. Creating a safe work environment and supporting employees in dealing with unexpected situations is key to minimizing accidents during the process of shelling the thin protective layer of cashews.

3. Causes of Accidents When Shelling the Thin Protective Layer of Cashews

There are many causes of accidents during the process of shelling the thin protective layer of cashews, posing significant challenges for the worker. Some of the main causes include a lack of attention and concentration, especially when handling sharp tools like cutting knives. A loss of concentration can lead to wrong decisions and create danger.

In addition, a poor understanding of the work process and shelling techniques can increase the risk of accidents. The person performing the job needs to be fully trained to have a clear understanding of the equipment, procedures, and safety measures. A lack of information and experience can lead to improper handling of the cashews, increasing the likelihood of an accident.

4. Accident Prevention Measures When Shelling the Thin Protective Layer of Cashews

To ensure safety during the process of shelling the thin protective layer of cashews, several special accident prevention measures need to be implemented. First, ensuring that the worker is fully trained in technique and safety is crucial. They need to have a clear understanding of the tools used, the work process, and safety measures.

Second, the use of personal protective equipment is essential. Helmets, gloves, and safety glasses help to minimize the risk from sharp tools and protect the eyes and hands of the worker. At the same time, ensuring cleanliness and tidiness during the work process also helps to reduce the risk of accidents.

5. Occupational Safety Regulations When Shelling the Thin Protective Layer of Cashews

Occupational safety regulations play a crucial role in ensuring safety and avoiding accidents when performing the process of shelling the thin protective layer of cashews. Employees must adhere to all established safety rules, including the full use of personal protective equipment such as helmets, gloves, and safety glasses.

The regulations also require full training for employees, including both work techniques and safety measures. This helps to ensure that they have a clear understanding of the potential risks and know how to deal with them. In addition, the regulations also set out measures for regular inspection and maintenance of equipment, minimizing technical failures and ensuring that machinery operates safely.

6. Handling Emergency Accident Situations When Shelling the Thin Protective Layer of Cashews

In the event of an accident when shelling the thin protective layer of cashews, the emergency handling process plays a crucial role in keeping employees safe and preventing the situation from worsening. First, immediately reporting the incident to the manager and colleagues is important for a quick response.

The worker needs to be trained to know how to use safety equipment and apply basic first aid measures. Providing first aid to the victim and requesting medical assistance if necessary is the top priority. At the same time, accessing the accident area must be done safely to avoid any further risk.

III. Occupational safety and health for employees operating cashew cleaning and drying machines

1. Job Characteristics of Operating a Cashew Cleaning and Drying Machine

The process of operating a cashew cleaning and drying machine requires professionalism and a deep understanding of this industry. Experts need to be familiar with the specific characteristics of this process to ensure high efficiency and quality.

First, the job of operating the machine includes identifying the type of cashew and the input quality. Mastering the technical specifications of the cleaning machine is necessary to ensure that the process is robust and effective. Experts also need to have a clear understanding of the variations in the cleaning process, especially with nuts of non-uniform shape and size.

Next, the drying process requires special attention to factors such as temperature, time, and airflow. Maintaining these parameters stably is important to ensure the cashews are not damaged or lose important nutrients.

2. Types of Accidents in the Process of Operating a Cashew Cleaning and Drying Machine

In the process of operating a cashew cleaning and drying machine, there are many risks related to various types of accidents that employees need to be aware of. One of the main risks is machinery-related accidents, such as collisions, loss of control, or technical failures. Employees need to be trained in machine safety to avoid these unwanted situations.

In addition, temperature-related accidents are a significant issue when drying cashews. If the temperature is not strictly controlled, fires or explosions can occur, or the cashews can be damaged by an improper drying process.

Chemicals used in the cleaning process also create an accident risk, especially if safety rules are not followed. Employees must be trained on how to use, store, and handle chemicals safely to avoid toxic accidents.

3. Causes of Accidents When Operating a Cashew Cleaning and Drying Machine

Accidents when operating a cashew cleaning and drying machine can stem from many different causes. One of the main causes is a lack of training or insufficient understanding of the operating process. Employees with insufficient experience or knowledge of the variations in the cleaning and drying process can lead to wrong decisions, causing unwanted accidents.

In addition, improper maintenance is also a common cause. Machinery that is not regularly inspected and maintained can lead to technical failures, increasing the risk of incidents during operation.

Lack of risk management and failure to ensure proper safety measures also play a significant role. If there is no clear plan and safety rules, employees may not be properly guided on how to handle machinery and safety issues, leading to unwanted accidents.

4. Accident Prevention Measures When Operating a Cashew Cleaning and Drying Machine

To ensure occupational safety when operating a cashew cleaning and drying machine, implementing preventive measures is crucial and cannot be overlooked. First and foremost, providing comprehensive occupational safety training for employees is essential. This training not only helps them to understand the operating process clearly but also provides knowledge on specific safety measures and how to handle dangerous situations.

In addition, establishing and maintaining clear safety rules is important. This includes ensuring everyone wears the correct personal protective equipment, such as helmets, safety glasses, and temperature-resistant clothing if necessary. Safety symbols and instructions should also be placed in key locations to remind employees of the risks and preventive measures.

Risk management is another important aspect, ensuring that everyone is aware of and clearly understands the potential risks in the machine operation process. Regular inspection and maintenance of machinery also help to minimize the risk of breakdowns and technical failures, increasing safety for everyone involved in the production process.

5. Occupational Safety Regulations When Operating a Cashew Cleaning and Drying Machine

Occupational safety regulations when operating a cashew cleaning and drying machine play a crucial role in protecting employees and maintaining an effective production process. Everyone involved in this process must wear the correct personal protective equipment, including helmets, safety glasses, and temperature-resistant clothing if necessary.

The regulations also set out specific safety measures, such as maintaining a safe distance from the machinery when it is in operation and adhering to all warning signs. Employees must be trained on the proper use of tools and equipment, and they must immediately report any safety issues or technical failures.

Specific guidance on the cleaning and drying process also needs to be provided in the occupational safety regulations, including the control of temperature, time, and airflow. This helps to ensure that everyone is following the process correctly, reducing the risk of accidents and ensuring product quality.

6. Handling Emergency Accident Situations When Operating a Cashew Cleaning and Drying Machine

Handling emergency accident situations when operating a cashew cleaning and drying machine requires quickness and careful preparation from the employees. In the event of an accident, stopping the machine immediately and protecting one’s own life and the lives of others is the top priority. At the same time, report the situation immediately to the manager and the first aid team.

Employees need to be trained on how to use safety equipment such as first aid kits and fire extinguishers. Basic first aid procedures should also be applied, and staying calm and following the instructions of the first aid team is important.

In particular, the occupational safety regulations should also contain detailed information about emergency escape routes and assembly points. Employees need to know how to move safely to avoid obstacles in an emergency situation.

IV. Occupational safety and health for employees operating cashew roasting machines

1. Job Characteristics of Operating a Cashew Roasting Machine

The process of operating a cashew roasting machine requires professionalism and a deep understanding of the equipment’s operating principles. To fully understand the characteristics of this job, the operator needs to focus on many different aspects.

One of the main points is controlling the roasting temperature and time. The cashew roasting process requires uniform heat transfer, ensuring each nut receives the necessary amount of heat to develop flavor and quality. The machine operator needs to closely monitor and adjust these parameters to ensure the roasting process is effective.

In addition, managing the pressure inside the roasting machine is also an important aspect. Stable pressure helps maintain stability during the roasting process and prevents problems related to uneven pressure.

For the job of operating a cashew roasting machine, technical observation and machine adjustment skills are indispensable. This requires a keen sense to recognize any changes in the roasting process and to be able to make immediate adjustments to maintain product quality.

2. Types of Accidents in the Process of Operating a Cashew Roasting Machine

In the process of operating a cashew roasting machine, there are many types of accidents that workers need to be aware of to ensure safety. Some common problems include the risk of fire and explosion due to uncontrolled temperature and pressure. A sudden increase in temperature or uneven pressure increase can lead to dangerous situations.

Other accidents frequently occur related to machine maintenance and repair. If this process is not carried out correctly, it can lead to machinery failures, endangering the worker. This emphasizes the importance of maintaining machinery according to proper standards and adhering to safety procedures.

Equally important is the risk of electricity. Cashew roasting machines often use a large amount of energy, and if the electrical system is not properly controlled, there can be a risk of short circuits, with severe consequences.

3. Causes of Accidents When Operating a Cashew Roasting Machine

The causes of accidents when operating a cashew roasting machine can stem from many factors. One of the main causes is a lack of in-depth understanding of the machine’s operating process. The operator must have sufficient technical knowledge to identify and resolve problems from the very beginning.

Lack of attention and negligence in supervision can also lead to accidents. If the worker does not properly monitor parameters such as temperature and pressure, unwanted fluctuations can occur and have severe consequences.

Another common cause is improper maintenance and repair processes. Not adhering to proper procedures and safety standards during maintenance can create unwanted risks, especially when working with machinery that can generate high temperatures and pressures.

4. Accident Prevention Measures When Operating a Cashew Roasting Machine

To ensure safety when operating a cashew roasting machine, preventive measures are essential. First and foremost, occupational environmental monitoring plays a crucial role. Installing an occupational environmental monitoring system can help to quickly monitor and assess important factors such as temperature, pressure, and other safety parameters.

Furthermore, in-depth training for the operator on how to use the occupational environmental monitoring system is important. The worker needs to know how to read and understand the parameters from the system to promptly recognize any fluctuations that could lead to an accident.

Periodic maintenance also plays an important role in preventing accidents. Maintaining the machinery according to safety standards and performing periodic maintenance measures helps to avoid many potential problems that could be dangerous.

5. Occupational Safety Regulations When Operating a Cashew Roasting Machine

Occupational safety regulations when operating a cashew roasting machine are a crucial key to ensuring a safe work environment. Employees must strictly adhere to the established safety measures, including wearing adequate personal protective equipment such as helmets, safety glasses, and heat-resistant clothing.

The regulations also set out guidelines on the use of the occupational environmental monitoring system, including how to read and understand the parameters to prevent incidents quickly. Workers must be fully trained on how to use temperature and pressure control devices, and also know how to respond to any unwanted fluctuations.

In addition, the regulations also address the implementation of periodic maintenance and safety checks of the machinery. These procedures not only keep the equipment operating effectively but also prevent potential safety issues.

6. Handling Emergency Accident Situations When Operating a Cashew Roasting Machine

Handling emergency accident situations when operating a cashew roasting machine requires quickness and in-depth knowledge. In the event of a machine explosion or a sudden temperature and pressure incident, the worker must immediately stop the machine and notify the first aid team.

The most important thing is to ensure the safety of oneself and colleagues. The operator needs to know how to use personal protective equipment and guide the way to quickly move out of the hazardous area. At the same time, they also need to inform the entire work team and management about the situation immediately.

In the event of a fire or explosion, use the firefighting system and immediately notify the fire department. If someone is injured, the worker needs to have basic first aid skills and remain calm to manage the situation.

V. Occupational safety and health for employees packing finished cashews

1. Job Characteristics of Packing Finished Cashews

In the process of packing finished cashews, this job requires special attention to ensure quality and food safety. First, employees ensure that the cashews have been processed and thoroughly inspected from the production process. The nuts are then fed into automatic packaging machines, where they are placed into the final product packages.

During this process, controlling the amount of cashews in each package is important to ensure uniformity and accuracy. Weighing devices and sensors are used to ensure that each package contains the correct amount of cashews as specified. At the same time, the packaging process is also controlled to ensure that all packaging is tightly sealed, helping to preserve the cashews safely and prevent impacts from the external environment.

In addition, to meet hygiene and food safety standards, employees are regularly trained and adhere to safe labor procedures. The work areas and machinery are all periodically cleaned to ensure cleanliness and compliance with hygiene requirements.

2. Types of Accidents in the Process of Packing Finished Cashews

In the process of packing finished cashews, there are several risks related to occupational accidents that need attention. Accidents frequently occur during the transport and handling of machinery. This can include collisions with fixed objects, but can also be related to the use of moving equipment, such as conveyor belts and automatic packaging machines.

In addition, accidents can occur when cleaning machinery or adjusting equipment during production. Employees must strictly adhere to safety rules and ensure that they are performing the steps correctly to avoid dangerous situations.

Packaging materials, such as plastic bags and cardboard boxes, can also cause accidents if not handled correctly. The use of personal protective tools, such as gloves and safety glasses, is important to reduce the risk of injury from direct contact with these materials.

3. Causes of Accidents When Packing Finished Cashews

There are many causes of accidents in the process of packing finished cashews. One of the main factors is a lack of safety awareness on the part of the employees, especially when they do not follow safe work rules correctly. Skipping the use of personal protective equipment, such as safety glasses and gloves, can increase the risk of accidents.

Another cause is that the packaging machinery and equipment are not properly maintained. If the parts are not working correctly or are damaged, a sudden failure can occur, leading to an accident. Maintaining and regularly inspecting the machinery is important to ensure safety and efficiency in the packaging process.

In addition, an unsafe work environment can also contribute to causing accidents. Complacency about safety, poor lighting, or not ensuring a spacious work area can create an unsafe work environment, increasing the risk of accidents.

4. Accident Prevention Measures When Packing Finished Cashews

To prevent accidents when packing finished cashews, it is necessary to establish strict safety measures. First, ensure that all employees are trained in occupational safety and risk awareness. This helps to increase awareness of the risks and encourage a safe attitude during work.

Personal protective measures, such as safety glasses, gloves, and protective clothing, should also be used fully and correctly. This helps to reduce the risk of injury and protect employees from hazardous elements in the packaging process.

Regular inspection and maintenance of machinery is another important measure to prevent failures and reduce the risk of accidents. Ensuring that all equipment is working correctly will help maintain safe performance during production.

5. Occupational Safety Regulations When Packing Finished Cashews

Occupational safety regulations when packing finished cashews play an important role in protecting employees and ensuring the production process is safe. These regulations often include wearing full personal protective equipment, such as safety glasses and gloves, to reduce the risk of injury.

In addition, the regulations also often require training employees on the specific risks in the cashew packaging process and how to prevent them. This may include guidance on the proper use of packaging machinery and equipment.

Regulations on the maintenance and regular inspection of machinery are also often mentioned, to ensure that all equipment is working correctly and does not create a risk for employees.

6. Handling Emergency Accident Situations When Packing Finished Cashews

In the event of an emergency accident during the process of packing finished cashews, handling the situation quickly and accurately is crucial to minimizing the consequences. Employees should be trained on the safety plan and the measures to be taken when an incident occurs.

First, immediately after an accident occurs, employees need to activate the alarm system and immediately notify the management team and the first aid group. This helps to ensure that the incident will be dealt with immediately and that first aid measures are deployed right away.

Meanwhile, employees need to apply first aid knowledge to provide help to the injured person until the first aid team arrives. At the same time, the area where the accident occurred needs to be cordoned off to prevent the risk of spreading and to ensure the safety of others.