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This document provides detailed guidance on occupational safety in the manufacturing of disc brake assemblies, helping you master the necessary procedures and protective measures. Read now to ensure a safe and efficient work environment!

Table of Contents

PART I: CURRENT STATE OF SAFETY IN THE DISC BRAKE ASSEMBLY MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY

I. General Situation

The Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs informs sectors and localities of the occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 and outlines key solutions to proactively prevent incidents and accidents in the last 6 months of 2024. According to reports from 61 out of 63 centrally governed provinces and cities, in the first 6 months of 2024, there were a total of 3,201 occupational accidents nationwide (a decrease of 227 cases, equivalent to 7.09% compared to the same period in 2023), resulting in 3,065 victims (a decrease of 197 people, equivalent to 6.04% compared to the first 6 months of 2023), including both employees under labor contracts and those working without labor contracts. Specifically:

Number of fatal occupational accidents: 320 cases, a decrease of 25 cases (7.25%) compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 245 cases in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 28 cases or 10.3%; and 75 cases in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 3 cases or 4.2% compared to the first 6 months of 2023);
Number of deaths due to occupational accidents: 346 people, a decrease of 7 people or 1.98% compared to the same period in 2023 (including 268 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 13 people or 4.63%; and 78 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 6 people or 8.33%).
Number of people seriously injured: 810 people, an increase of 26 people or 3.32% compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 710 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 5 people or 0.7%; and 100 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 31 people or 44.92%).

Download the PDF file Occupational Accident Report – First 6 Months of 2024 issued by the Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs.

The occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 in both sectors with and without labor relations saw a decrease in the number of deaths and fatal accidents compared to the same period in 2023.

II. Some Occupational Accidents in Disc Brake Assembly Manufacturing Plants

In a disc brake assembly manufacturing plant, occupational accidents can occur for various reasons. Below are some typical examples:

Accidents due to machinery: Machines such as processing equipment and presses can cause accidents if not regularly maintained or if safe operating procedures are not followed. For example, accidents due to technical malfunctions or workers not complying with safety regulations when working with machinery.
Material-related accidents: During the production process, contact with materials such as metal, oil, and grease can cause health problems if proper protective measures are not taken. Accidents can include burns from contact with hot liquids or scratches from sharp materials.
Work environment-related incidents: Unsafe working conditions, such as a lack of a good ventilation system or insufficient lighting, can lead to occupational accidents. For example, accidents can occur due to slipping on a dirty floor or losing balance while working at heights.
Accidents due to lack of personal protective equipment: Not using full protective equipment such as gloves and safety glasses can increase the risk of accidents. For example, a worker could suffer an eye injury from material getting into their eyes or a hand injury from not using protective gloves.

These accidents highlight the importance of complying with occupational safety regulations and applying preventive measures to protect the health and safety of workers during the production process.

PART II: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH WHEN WORKING IN A DISC BRAKE ASSEMBLY MANUFACTURING PLANT

I. Occupational Safety and Health for Raw Material Cutting Staff

1. Job Characteristics of Raw Material Cutting

The task of cutting raw materials is the first and essential step in the manufacturing process of disc brake assemblies. At this stage, metal raw materials are cut to preliminary sizes and shapes using automatic cutting machines or CNC machines. Precision in the cutting stage is extremely important as it directly affects the quality and fit of the parts in the later assembly stage. Automatic and CNC cutting machines allow for high-precision cutting of raw materials, ensuring that the parts are manufactured according to technical requirements.

The cutting process requires strict control of parameters such as size, shape, and other factors to ensure that the cut parts will fit perfectly during assembly. Any error in the cutting stage can lead to a mismatch between parts, causing difficulties in assembly and affecting the performance of the disc brake assembly. Therefore, investing in precision cutting equipment and training workers is very important to ensure the quality of the final product.

2. Types of Occupational Accidents during Raw Material Cutting

The process of cutting raw materials with automatic or CNC machines is an important stage in the production of disc brake assemblies, but it also poses many risks of occupational accidents. Some common types of accidents include injuries from direct contact with sharp cutting blades, causing deep cuts or serious injuries. Machine malfunctions such as a jammed or broken cutter can also lead to accidents, surprising workers and potentially causing injury.

In addition, metal dust and debris from the cutting process can get into the eyes or cause skin irritation, leading to health problems. In particular, failure to follow safety procedures, such as not using personal protective equipment correctly or not performing regular equipment checks, is also a cause of accidents. To minimize the risk, it is essential to perform regular machine maintenance, train workers on occupational safety, and ensure the full use of protective equipment.

3. Causes of Occupational Accidents during Raw Material Cutting

Occupational accidents during the raw material cutting process often stem from several different causes. One of the main causes is equipment failure, such as a broken or poorly maintained cutting machine. These problems can lead to incidents while the machine is in operation, endangering workers. In addition, inaccuracies in machine setup and operation are also a significant factor. If the cutting parameters are not adjusted correctly, the cutting blade may work unstably, increasing the risk of accidents.

The lack of use of personal protective equipment also plays a significant role in causing accidents. When workers do not wear safety glasses, gloves, or appropriate protective clothing, they are easily injured by metal dust, debris, or direct contact with the cutting blade. In addition, non-compliance with occupational safety regulations and a lack of adequate training also contribute to the risk of accidents. To minimize these risks, regular machine maintenance, accurate setup and operation, and the full use of protective equipment are essential.

4. Measures to Prevent Occupational Accidents during Raw Material Cutting

To prevent occupational accidents during the raw material cutting process, implementing preventive measures is very important. First, regular maintenance of cutting machines is one of the basic and necessary measures. The machinery needs to be checked regularly to ensure it operates stably and does not encounter problems during the cutting process. Accurate adjustment of cutting parameters also helps to avoid unwanted incidents, such as a jammed cutting blade or inefficient operation.

Using personal protective equipment is another important measure. Workers need to wear safety glasses, gloves, and appropriate protective clothing to protect themselves from metal dust, debris, and direct contact with the cutting blade. In addition, training workers on occupational safety regulations and the correct operating procedures for cutting machines helps to raise awareness and skills, minimizing the risk of accidents.

Finally, establishing safe work procedures and strictly adhering to safety regulations also play a crucial role in accident prevention. Workers need to be reminded of the importance of following the correct procedures and using protective equipment to ensure a safe and efficient work environment.

5. Occupational Safety Regulations for Raw Material Cutting

When cutting raw materials, adhering to occupational safety regulations is very important to protect the health and ensure the safety of workers. First, all cutting machines must be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure they operate efficiently and do not cause incidents. Workers must be fully trained on the machine operation process and safety measures, including how to adjust cutting parameters accurately to avoid machine-related risks.

Workers need to use personal protective equipment such as safety glasses, gloves, and appropriate protective clothing to avoid hazards like metal dust, debris, and contact with the cutting blade. Work areas must be kept clean and tidy to minimize the risk of slips, trips, or other accidents. The work process needs to be clearly established, including performing safety steps before starting to cut raw materials and after completing the work.

In addition, the safety regulations also include the establishment of appropriate warning signs and instructions around the cutting area to remind workers of potential hazards. By strictly adhering to safety regulations, companies can minimize the risk of accidents and ensure a safe work environment for all employees.

6. Handling Emergency Occupational Accidents during Raw Material Cutting

When an occupational accident occurs during the raw material cutting process, proper emergency handling is crucial to minimize damage and ensure worker safety. First, upon discovering an accident, it is necessary to immediately stop the cutting machine to prevent more serious injuries. Then, workers should be given first aid immediately. If there is a wound from a cutting blade or sharp objects, the wound should be bandaged and further injury avoided.

If the victim’s condition is serious, such as heavy bleeding or severe injury, emergency medical services should be called immediately to ensure the victim receives timely professional care. At the same time, notify the management and the company’s occupational safety department to investigate the cause of the accident and implement future preventive measures.

Finally, after handling the emergency situation, it is very necessary to review the safety procedures and re-establish protective measures to prevent similar accidents from occurring in the future. Ensuring that all workers are trained on how to react quickly and effectively in emergency situations will help create a safer work environment.

II. Occupational Safety and Health for Machining Staff

1. Job Characteristics of Machining

Machining is an important stage in the production of disc brake assemblies, in which parts are processed by milling machines, lathes, or drilling machines to create the necessary shapes and holes. This process requires high precision to ensure that the machined parts have the correct dimensions and shapes according to technical requirements.

Milling machines and lathes are used to cut, shape, and form parts from raw materials into complex components. Drilling machines, with their ability to create precise holes, play an important role in ensuring the necessary holes and grooves for assembly. The machining process requires precise control of parameters such as cutting speed, cutting depth, and other parameters to achieve the best results.

Each machining stage needs to be carried out carefully to avoid errors and ensure that the parts fit together during assembly. To achieve high precision, it is necessary to use accurately calibrated tools and equipment, along with regular inspection and adjustment throughout the machining process.

2. Types of Occupational Accidents during Machining

During the machining process, many types of occupational accidents can occur due to factors related to machinery and work. One of the biggest risks is injury from direct contact with sharp cutting tools such as milling cutters, lathe tools, or drill bits. These parts can cause deep cuts or serious injuries if not used carefully.

Machine failure is also a noteworthy risk. Machining equipment can experience technical problems, such as malfunctions or jams, leading to unexpected situations and endangering workers. Metal dust and debris from the machining process can get into the eyes or cause skin irritation, leading to health problems.

In addition, accidents due to non-compliance with safety procedures are also quite common. Workers who do not use personal protective equipment such as safety glasses or gloves can be easily injured. Failure to perform regular machine inspection and maintenance also increases the risk of accidents. To minimize these risks, strict adherence to safety regulations and the use of protective equipment are very important.

3. Causes of Occupational Accidents during Machining

The causes of occupational accidents in machining often stem from several important factors. One of the main causes is machine failure. Milling machines, lathes, and drilling machines, if not properly maintained, can malfunction or break down, posing a risk of accidents to workers. This can cause the machine to stop suddenly or create an unwanted impact force, leading to injury.

In addition, failure to follow the correct machine operating procedure is also a cause of accidents. Workers may make mistakes in setting machine parameters or fail to perform safety steps before starting machining. A lack of attention to safety regulations, such as not using personal protective equipment or not thoroughly inspecting the machinery before use, also contributes to an increased risk of accidents.

Metal dust and debris from the machining process can cause health problems if not controlled and removed properly. This requires attention to maintaining a clean work environment and using appropriate protective equipment. To minimize the risk of accidents, it is necessary to perform regular machine inspection and maintenance, along with training workers on safe work procedures.

4. Measures to Prevent Occupational Accidents during Machining

To prevent occupational accidents in machining, implementing safety measures is extremely necessary. First, regular maintenance and inspection of milling machines, lathes, and drilling machines are very important to ensure they operate stably and do not cause incidents. This helps to detect and promptly remedy any damage that could lead to accidents.

Workers need to be fully trained on the machine operating procedures and safety measures. Ensuring that all operations with the machine are performed according to the correct procedures and that workers understand how to use personal protective equipment such as safety glasses, gloves, and protective clothing. This equipment helps protect against metal dust and dangerous debris.

The work environment also needs to be kept clean and tidy to minimize the risk of accidents. Regular cleaning of debris and metal dust helps to avoid slips and other incidents. At the same time, establishing clear safety warning signs and regulations around the machining area also contributes to raising awareness and protecting workers. By implementing these measures, the risk of accidents can be minimized and a safer work environment can be created.

5. Occupational Safety Regulations for Machining

When machining, compliance with occupational safety regulations is crucial to protect the health and safety of workers. The first regulation requires that all machinery, including milling machines, lathes, and drilling machines, be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure they operate stably and safely. Workers need to be formally trained on how to operate the machinery and on safety procedures, including the proper use of personal protective equipment such as safety glasses, gloves, and protective clothing to avoid potential hazards.

Before starting work, workers must check the condition of the machinery, ensuring that all parts are working normally and there are no signs of damage. Work areas need to be kept clean and tidy to avoid the risk of slips and other accidents. The use of protective equipment such as dust shields and air filters is also an important part of the safety regulations to minimize exposure to metal dust and debris.

In addition, it is necessary to establish and maintain clear safety signs and work instructions around the machining area to remind workers of the risks and preventive measures. The strict implementation of these regulations not only helps to reduce the risk of accidents but also creates a safe and efficient work environment.

6. Handling Emergency Occupational Accidents during Machining

When an occupational accident occurs during the machining process, a quick and accurate response is very important to limit the damage. As soon as an accident is detected, the worker must immediately stop the operation of the machine to prevent the situation from becoming more serious. If someone is injured, first aid is necessary; for example, if there is a cut, the wound should be bandaged and pressure applied to stop the bleeding.

In the case of a serious accident, such as being caught in the machine or a severe injury, emergency medical services should be called immediately to ensure the victim receives timely professional care. At the same time, immediately notify the management and the occupational safety department so that they can investigate the cause and take corrective measures.

After the emergency situation is handled, it is very important to review the safety procedures and regulations. Necessary adjustments should be made to prevent similar accidents from occurring in the future. This includes retraining workers on safety procedures and re-checking the equipment to ensure it is working properly. Assessing and improving the accident handling process helps to build a safer work environment and raise the awareness of the entire team.

III. Occupational Safety and Health for Metal Pressing Staff

1. Job Characteristics of Metal Pressing

In the metal pressing stage, metal materials are processed under high pressure to create special shapes, such as the brake disc in the production of disc brake assemblies. This pressing process can use equipment such as hydraulic presses or mechanical presses, depending on the specific requirements of the product and the type of material used.

Hydraulic presses are often preferred for their ability to provide strong and uniform pressing force, allowing for the creation of high-precision parts. Mechanical presses, although having a lower pressing force than hydraulic presses, are still strong enough to handle high-strength metals and form complex parts. The pressing process usually involves placing the metal in a mold, then applying pressing force to transform the shape of the metal according to the design requirements.

This process requires precise control of temperature and pressure to ensure the quality of the final product. The accuracy in adjusting these parameters is very important because it directly affects the mechanical properties of the parts and their ability to fit together during assembly. Success in the metal pressing stage depends not only on the equipment but also on the skill and expertise of the workers performing it.

2. Types of Occupational Accidents during Metal Pressing

In the metal pressing stage, occupational accidents can occur for various reasons. One of the common types of accidents is getting a hand or foot caught in the press. Due to the high pressure and large pressing force, if not careful, workers can be caught or pulled into the operating area of the machine, leading to serious injuries.

In addition, equipment failure can also cause accidents. For example, if the press is damaged or not properly maintained, it can lead to abnormal operation, such as a leak of pressing oil or a mechanical failure, endangering the user. Metal fragments flying out during the pressing process can also cause injuries if not adequately protected.

A lack of attention to following safety procedures or not using personal protective equipment is also a cause of accidents. Workers can be injured by direct contact with the operating parts of the machine or be burned by contact with hot metal. To minimize these risks, it is very necessary to be fully trained on occupational safety and to regularly check the condition of the machinery.

3. Causes of Occupational Accidents during Metal Pressing

Occupational accidents during the metal pressing process often stem from several main causes. First, the use of a press that is not regularly maintained or is damaged can lead to serious incidents. Hydraulic presses or mechanical presses, if not regularly inspected and maintained, can experience problems such as oil leaks, mechanical failures, or control system failures, endangering the operator.

Another common cause is the lack of compliance with safety procedures. If workers do not comply with safety regulations, such as not using personal protective equipment or not performing machine checks before operation, the risk of accidents will be high. Problems such as a lack of synchronization in the operation of the machine, or working in an unclean and untidy environment can also lead to accidents.

A lack of attention and unfamiliarity with the work process are also important factors. Workers who are not fully trained on the operations and safety procedures can easily make mistakes, leading to accidents. Ensuring adequate training, maintaining equipment, and complying with safety regulations are important factors in preventing accidents during the metal pressing process.

4. Measures to Prevent Occupational Accidents during Metal Pressing

To prevent occupational accidents in the metal pressing stage, compliance with safety measures is very important. First, regular maintenance and thorough inspection of pressing equipment, including hydraulic and mechanical presses, are necessary. Ensuring that the machinery is working normally and has no signs of damage will help reduce the risk of incidents and accidents.

Workers need to be formally trained on the machine operating procedures and safety measures. They should be proficient in using personal protective equipment such as gloves, safety glasses, and protective clothing to protect themselves from the risk of injury. Establishing safe work procedures and requiring workers to comply with these regulations is very important.

In addition, keeping the work area clean and tidy helps to prevent accidents due to slips or collisions. It is necessary to establish and maintain clear safety signs around the machinery area to remind workers of the risks and preventive measures.

Finally, implementing strict inspection and supervision procedures will help to detect problems early and make timely adjustments to ensure a safe work environment. The combination of equipment maintenance, worker training, and maintaining a safe work area will significantly reduce the risk of accidents during the metal pressing process.

5. Occupational Safety Regulations for Metal Pressing

When performing the metal pressing stage, compliance with occupational safety regulations is very important to ensure the safety of workers and the efficient operation of the machinery. First, workers must be fully trained on the operating procedures and safety measures when using hydraulic or mechanical presses. They need to master the techniques of adjusting the machinery, checking the equipment before use, and how to handle incidents.

Personal protective equipment such as gloves, safety glasses, and protective clothing must be used regularly to protect workers from the risk of injury from direct contact with the machinery or hot metal. The machine operating procedure must have a protection system and safety devices, such as emergency stop buttons, so that workers can easily stop the machine when an incident is detected.

Workers must also ensure that the work area is always clean and tidy, free of obstacles or liquids that could cause slips. Safety signs must be placed in easily visible locations to remind workers of the risks and preventive measures.

Finally, it is mandatory to perform regular maintenance and thorough inspection of the equipment. This not only ensures the smooth operation of the machinery but also helps to detect problems early and prevent accidents. Compliance with occupational safety regulations not only protects the health of workers but also improves production efficiency.

6. Handling Emergency Occupational Accidents during Metal Pressing

When an occupational accident occurs during the metal pressing process, handling the emergency situation quickly and effectively is very important to minimize injuries and damage. As soon as an incident is detected, the worker or supervisor must immediately cut off the power or stop the press using the emergency stop buttons to prevent the situation from becoming more serious.

After the machinery has been stopped, the first thing is to assess the victim’s condition and provide necessary first aid. In the case of a serious injury, it is necessary to quickly call for an ambulance or take the victim to the nearest medical facility. It is necessary to ensure that medical personnel have enough information about the condition and cause of the accident so that they can intervene in a timely manner.

In addition to handling the immediate injuries, it is also necessary to inspect and remedy the problems related to the machinery. Identifying the cause of the accident, such as a machine failure or an operating error, helps to avoid similar incidents in the future. For serious incidents or accidents related to equipment, a detailed report should be made and safety improvement measures should be implemented to ensure a safer work environment.

Finally, after the emergency situation has been handled, organizing training sessions and periodic checks on occupational safety procedures will help to raise the awareness of workers and prevent accidents in the future.

IV. Occupational Safety and Health for Casting Staff

1. Job Characteristics of Casting

The casting process is an important method in the production of metal parts, where molten metal is poured into a mold to form specific details. The casting process begins with melting the metal to a liquid state, then pouring it into a prepared mold. A key factor in this process is the precise control of the temperature of the molten metal, as too high or too low a temperature can affect the quality and durability of the final product.

In addition, the solidification rate of the metal also needs to be carefully controlled. If the metal solidifies too quickly, it can cause cracks or defects in the product. Conversely, if the solidification process is too slow, it can reduce production efficiency and waste energy. Therefore, the combination of accurate temperature and appropriate solidification rate is very important to ensure that the cast parts achieve high quality and meet technical requirements.

In addition, the preparation of the casting mold and the handling of the molten metal also need to be carried out with high precision to avoid problems such as impurities or defects in the product. Workers in the casting field need to master the technical process and comply with safety measures to ensure production efficiency and product quality.

2. Types of Occupational Accidents during Casting

During the casting process, where molten metal is poured into a mold to create specific parts, there are many risks that can lead to occupational accidents if the safety procedures are not followed correctly. One of the common accidents is burns from direct contact with the hot molten metal. The cast metal has a very high temperature, and any incident in controlling the temperature or careless operation can cause serious burns to workers.

In addition to burns, working near casting equipment can also lead to injuries from impact or getting hands and feet caught in the machinery. For example, parts of the mold can be displaced or fall, endangering the worker. In addition, problems in the cooling system or improper solidification can create metal debris or cracks in the product, increasing the risk of accidents when handling the unfinished product.

Incidents related to inhaling hot metal fumes or dust from the casting process can also cause health problems, such as lung disease or respiratory problems. To minimize these accidents, it is necessary to fully implement protective measures, including the use of personal protective equipment, maintaining a regular inspection and maintenance schedule for the equipment, and ensuring that workers are fully trained on the risks and safety rules.

3. Causes of Occupational Accidents during Casting

The causes of occupational accidents during the casting process are often related to inaccurate control and shortcomings in the production process. A major cause is the inaccurate control of the temperature of the molten metal. If the temperature is too high, the metal may splash out of the mold, causing burns to workers or damaging the equipment. Conversely, if the temperature is too low, the metal will not solidify properly, leading to poor quality products and a potential risk of cracking during further processing.

Problems in the preparation of the casting mold are also a common cause. A damaged or improperly cleaned mold can lead to molten metal leaking or creating defective products. These defects can increase the risk of accidents when workers handle the product or equipment.

Furthermore, a lack of maintenance and periodic inspection of the casting equipment also contributes to the risk of accidents. Equipment such as presses, cooling systems, or feeding systems, if not properly maintained, can cause serious technical failures, leading to occupational accidents.

Finally, non-compliance with regulations on personal protective equipment and occupational safety is also a significant cause, increasing the risk of accidents during the casting process. To minimize these risks, it is necessary to implement a strict quality control process, maintain the equipment regularly, and ensure that all workers are fully trained on safety measures.

4. Measures to Prevent Occupational Accidents during Casting

To prevent occupational accidents during the casting process, implementing safety measures is very important. First, controlling the temperature of the molten metal is a key factor. It is necessary to ensure that the temperature control system is working accurately and is regularly checked to prevent incidents related to too high or too low temperatures. In addition, maintaining and regularly inspecting the casting equipment helps to minimize the risk of technical failures, ensuring that the equipment operates efficiently and safely.

The casting molds also need to be regularly inspected and cleaned to ensure there are no cracks, blockages, or technical errors. Thorough preparation of the mold will help prevent molten metal from leaking or creating defective products, thereby minimizing the risk of accidents for workers.

In addition, it is very necessary to provide adequate training for workers on safety procedures and proper operating techniques. Workers should be given detailed instructions on how to use the equipment, handle emergency situations, and use personal protective equipment such as heat-resistant gloves and protective masks.

Finally, maintaining a clean and well-ventilated work environment, along with applying fire and explosion prevention measures, also plays an important role in minimizing occupational accidents. These measures not only help to protect the health and safety of workers but also contribute to improving the efficiency and quality of the product.

5. Occupational Safety Regulations for Casting

Occupational safety regulations for casting play an important role in protecting workers and ensuring a smooth production process. First, workers must be fully trained on the casting processes and the safe use of equipment. This includes knowledge of metal temperature control, working procedures with machinery, and emergency response measures.

Each work area must be fully equipped with personal protective equipment such as heat-resistant gloves, protective masks, and fire-retardant clothing. The proper use of this equipment is mandatory to minimize the risk of burns or injuries when working with hot molten metal.

The casting equipment must be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure stable and safe operation. The casting process needs to comply with standards for metal temperature and solidification rate to ensure product quality and reduce the risk of incidents. In addition, the work area needs to be kept clean and well-ventilated to prevent the accumulation of hazardous materials and to avoid fire and explosion risks.

Finally, fire prevention and fighting measures must be fully equipped and there must be an emergency response plan to ensure the safety of workers in the event of an incident. The proper implementation of these regulations will help protect the health of workers and improve production efficiency in the casting process.

6. Handling Emergency Occupational Accidents during Casting

In the event of an occupational accident during the casting process, a quick and accurate response is very important to minimize damage and ensure the safety of workers. If there is an incident such as a burn from molten metal or a fall from a height, it is necessary to first quickly turn off the power supply to the casting equipment to prevent the risk of fire and explosion. Then, check and ensure that the work area is isolated to prevent the incident from spreading and causing further danger.

When a worker is injured, it is necessary to immediately call for an emergency medical team and perform basic first aid steps, such as washing a burn under cold water and covering the wound with a clean bandage if necessary. For serious injuries, avoid moving the victim until the medical team arrives, so as not to worsen the situation.

At the same time as handling the emergency situation, a detailed report of the incident should be made to investigate the cause and improve the safety process. This not only helps in rectifying the current incident but also prevents similar accidents in the future. Furthermore, regular training and drills should be organized for workers so that they know how to respond effectively in emergency situations, thereby improving their ability to handle situations when accidents occur.

V. Occupational Safety and Health for Component Assembly Staff

1. Job Characteristics of Component Assembly

In the component assembly stage, the machined and cast parts will be combined to form a complete product. This process requires high precision and skill to ensure that all parts fit together perfectly. The assembly engineers will start by checking the parts, ensuring that all meet the standards for size and quality. Then, they will use tools such as bolts, nuts, and other connection methods to attach the parts together.

The assembly must be done carefully to ensure that the final product not only works effectively but also meets safety standards. The coordination between the parts and the precise assembly stages is very important to avoid errors that could affect the performance and durability of the product. During this process, the engineers also need to regularly check and calibrate the parts to ensure the synchronization and stability of the complete product.

2. Types of Occupational Accidents during Component Assembly

During the component assembly process, there are many risks and occupational accidents that can occur. One of the common types of accidents is injury from tools and equipment such as bolts, nuts, or other hand tools. Engineers and workers can be punctured, cut, or hit when using these tools, especially when not operating correctly or lacking protective equipment. Another problem is incidents when working with heavy or bulky parts, which can lead to muscle or spinal injuries if the correct lifting techniques are not used.

In addition, incorrect assembly can also lead to accidents if the parts do not fit together or are loose, causing problems during the operation of the product. A lack of attention in checking and calibrating the parts can also lead to accidents when the finished product does not work correctly, posing a risk of damage or accidents to the user. Therefore, ensuring safety measures and accurate work procedures is very important to minimize the risk of accidents in this assembly stage.

3. Causes of Occupational Accidents during Component Assembly

Occupational accidents during the component assembly process often stem from various causes. One of the main causes is a lack of attention and carelessness at work, leading to the improper use of tools or a lack of protective equipment. Accidents such as punctures, cuts, or impacts can occur when workers do not comply with safety regulations when working with bolts, nuts, and other hand tools. Inaccuracy in assembly, such as improper joining of parts or a lack of thorough inspection, can cause malfunctions and pose a risk of accidents to the user of the product.

In addition, working with heavy or bulky parts without using proper lifting techniques is also a significant cause, leading to muscle or spinal injuries. Finally, an unsafe work environment, a lack of lighting, or an inconvenient workspace can also contribute to an increased risk of occupational accidents in the assembly stage. To minimize these risks, compliance with safety procedures and ensuring good working conditions are very necessary.

4. Measures to Prevent Occupational Accidents during Component Assembly

To ensure safety during the component assembly process, applying accident prevention measures is very important. First, workers need to be fully trained on assembly procedures and the use of tools, and they must be fully equipped with personal protective equipment such as gloves, safety glasses, and safety shoes to minimize the risk of injury. It is necessary to perform regular inspection and maintenance of assembly tools and equipment, ensuring they operate correctly and safely. During assembly, the rational organization of work and the use of support equipment such as cranes or lifting devices will help to reduce muscle strain and the risk of injury from lifting heavy parts.

In addition, maintaining a clean and tidy work environment also plays an important role in preventing accidents, minimizing the risk of tripping and collision. Finally, workers should implement quality and safety inspection measures from the very first step of the assembly process, ensuring that the parts are assembled correctly and safely before the finished product is put into use.

5. Occupational Safety Regulations for Component Assembly

When performing the work of assembling components, compliance with occupational safety regulations is very important to protect the health and safety of workers. Before starting work, it is necessary to carefully inspect the assembly equipment and tools to ensure they are in good and undamaged working condition. Workers must be fully trained on assembly techniques and safety procedures, and must use personal protective equipment such as gloves, safety glasses, and safety shoes throughout the work process. The work environment must be kept clean and tidy, avoiding clutter that could cause accidents.

The assembly process needs to be carried out according to technical instructions and safety regulations, ensuring that all connections and parts are assembled correctly to avoid incidents when the product is put into use. Workers should also perform regular equipment inspection and maintenance, and immediately report any incidents for timely handling. Compliance with these regulations not only helps to protect the safety of workers but also improves the efficiency and quality of the assembly work.

6. Handling Emergency Occupational Accidents during Component Assembly

When an occupational accident occurs in the component assembly stage, timely and effective handling is very important to minimize damage and ensure the safety of workers. As soon as an incident occurs, workers need to quickly sound the alarm to let colleagues and the manager know the situation. If someone is injured, it is necessary to first perform basic first aid steps and call for an ambulance if the situation is serious. It is necessary to ensure that the accident area is protected to avoid worsening the situation, and to take necessary measures to prevent the incident from recurring. In the case of equipment damage, it is necessary to immediately stop work, isolate the equipment, and check the cause of the incident to take appropriate repair or replacement measures.

After the emergency situation is handled, a detailed investigation should be conducted to determine the cause and implement corrective measures to improve the process and raise the level of safety. It is also very important to record and report the incident fully to analyze and prevent similar accidents in the future.