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Learn about occupational safety measures in auto parts manufacturing with this detailed guide. Ensure a safe working environment, minimize occupational accidents, and enhance production efficiency. Update your knowledge on safety procedures, protective equipment, and hazard prevention methods. Explore now!

Table of Contents

PART I: CURRENT STATE OF SAFETY IN THE AUTO PARTS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY

I. General Situation

The Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs informs sectors and localities of the occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 and outlines key solutions to proactively prevent incidents and accidents in the last 6 months of 2024. According to reports from 61 out of 63 centrally governed provinces and cities, in the first 6 months of 2024, there were a total of 3,201 occupational accidents nationwide (a decrease of 227 cases, equivalent to 7.09% compared to the same period in 2023), resulting in 3,065 victims (a decrease of 197 people, equivalent to 6.04% compared to the first 6 months of 2023), including both employees under labor contracts and those working without labor contracts. Specifically:

Number of fatal occupational accidents: 320 cases, a decrease of 25 cases (7.25%) compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 245 cases in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 28 cases or 10.3%; and 75 cases in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 3 cases or 4.2% compared to the first 6 months of 2023);
Number of deaths due to occupational accidents: 346 people, a decrease of 7 people or 1.98% compared to the same period in 2023 (including 268 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 13 people or 4.63%; and 78 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 6 people or 8.33%).
Number of people seriously injured: 810 people, an increase of 26 people or 3.32% compared to the first 6 months of 2023 (including 710 in areas with labor relations, a decrease of 5 people or 0.7%; and 100 in areas without labor contracts, an increase of 31 people or 44.92%).

Download the PDF file Occupational Accident Report – First 6 Months of 2024 issued by the Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs.

The occupational accident situation in the first 6 months of 2024 in both sectors with and without labor relations saw a decrease in the number of deaths and fatal accidents compared to the same period in 2023.

II. Some Occupational Accidents in Auto Parts Manufacturing Plants

Occupational accidents in auto parts manufacturing plants not only cause property damage but also seriously affect the health and lives of workers. Below are some examples of occupational accidents that have occurred in this field:

Accident due to machinery jam:
- Incident details: A worker’s hand got stuck in a metal stamping machine because they did not turn off the machine before cleaning it.
- Consequences: The worker suffered severe injuries, lost a lot of blood, and had to be hospitalized for emergency care. This accident led to a temporary loss of working ability and required long-term rehabilitation.
Accident due to electric shock:
- Incident details: An electrical maintenance technician was electrocuted while repairing a faulty circuit board without shutting off the power source.
- Consequences: The technician suffered severe burns and cardiovascular disorders due to the high-voltage current, requiring long-term leave for treatment.
Accident due to slipping and falling:
- Incident details: A worker slipped and fell from a ladder while assembling parts at a height without using adequate protective equipment.
- Consequences: The worker suffered a broken leg and required long-term treatment, affecting their ability to move and work.
Accident due to exposure to hazardous chemicals:
- Incident details: A worker suffered chemical burns while mixing a cleaning solution without wearing gloves and safety goggles.
- Consequences: The worker sustained severe burns on their hands and face, had to be treated at a hospital, and may have permanent scarring.
Accident due to noise and vibration:
- Incident details: Many workers in the welding area suffered hearing loss due to prolonged exposure to loud noise and strong vibrations from machinery without using ear protection.
- Consequences: The workers experienced hearing loss, which affected their daily lives and work performance.

The accidents above highlight the importance of properly implementing occupational safety procedures and providing adequate personal protective equipment. Enhancing training, supervision, and improving the work environment are necessary to protect workers and minimize the risk of accidents in auto parts manufacturing plants.

PART II: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH WHEN WORKING IN AN AUTO PARTS MANUFACTURING PLANT

I. Occupational safety and health for mold making personnel

1. Job characteristics of mold making

The job of mold making plays a fundamental role in the auto parts production process, requiring high precision and technical skill. First, engineers and technicians use CAD software to create drawings and 3D models of the mold. This process demands meticulous attention to the smallest details to ensure the mold meets all technical and production requirements.

During the machining process, CNC and EDM machines are used to shape the mold from high-quality metal materials such as alloy steel. The precision of the machinery combined with the skills of the technicians helps ensure the mold can withstand high pressure during casting and stamping processes. The close coordination between humans and machines is a key factor in creating molds with high durability and precision.

Finally, after machining is complete, the mold must undergo rigorous quality control checks to ensure there are no defects. Any small flaw can affect the quality and functionality of the auto parts. Therefore, inspecting and calibrating the mold is a crucial step to ensure it meets production and quality requirements.

2. Types of occupational accidents during the mold making process

The mold making process requires high precision and the use of many complex machines, which leads to the risk of occupational accidents. One of the common types of accidents is those caused by CNC machines. Technicians can get their hands caught or cut due to non-compliance with safety procedures or machine malfunctions. These accidents can cause serious injuries, affecting the worker’s ability to work and health.

Besides, accidents from contact with cutting and grinding tools during the mold making process are also a major risk. Metal shavings, sparks, and small particles can cause eye and skin injuries if adequate protective equipment is not used. This is especially important in a high-speed and high-pressure work environment like mold making, where small incidents can lead to serious consequences.

In addition, accidents from contact with coolants and lubricants are also a concern. These chemicals, if not used and stored properly, can cause skin burns and allergic reactions. Long-term exposure can lead to chronic health problems. Therefore, strict adherence to occupational safety regulations and the full use of personal protective equipment are very important to minimize the risk of accidents during the mold making process.

3. Causes of occupational accidents during mold making

Occupational accidents during the mold making process often stem from a lack of adherence to safety procedures. a common cause is workers not using full protective equipment such as gloves, safety glasses, and ear protection. this easily leads to serious injuries when in contact with cutting and grinding machines, or when exposed to cooling and lubricating chemicals.

Another cause is technical faults and improper machine maintenance. CNC and EDM machines, if not maintained regularly and according to procedures, can experience unexpected failures, posing a danger to the operator. Technical issues such as machine jams, broken cutting tools, or control system failures can lead to serious occupational accidents.

In addition, the cause of accidents also comes from a lack of training and close supervision. Inexperienced or inadequately trained workers are prone to making mistakes while operating complex machinery. a lack of supervision and regular inspections from management also increases the risk of accidents. Ensuring that workers are thoroughly trained and that continuous supervision is carried out is necessary to minimize occupational accidents in the mold making process.

4. Preventive measures for occupational accidents during mold making

To prevent occupational accidents during the mold making process, occupational safety training for workers is a key factor. These training sessions should focus on the correct use of personal protective equipment such as gloves, safety glasses, and helmets. At the same time, it is necessary to emphasize the importance of adhering to safety procedures and recognizing potential hazards in the work environment.

Besides, regular maintenance and technical inspection of machinery such as CNC and EDM machines are important measures to ensure safety. Maintenance helps to detect damages early and prevent technical failures that could be dangerous. At the same time, it is necessary to equip safety systems such as emergency stop switches and automatic protection systems to minimize risks during machine operation.

Close supervision and raising awareness of occupational safety among all staff are indispensable measures. Management needs to regularly check and remind workers about safety regulations. Organizing workshops and updating knowledge about occupational safety are also effective ways to enhance everyone’s awareness and responsibility. Through occupational safety training and the implementation of preventive measures, occupational accidents in the mold making process can be minimized.

5. Occupational safety regulations for mold making

Occupational safety regulations in the mold making process are a critical factor in protecting the health and lives of workers. First and foremost, workers must comply with the use of full and proper personal protective equipment such as gloves, safety goggles, and safety helmets. This is a mandatory requirement to minimize the risk of injury from contact with machinery and chemicals during work.

In addition, occupational safety regulations also include the regular maintenance and inspection of machinery such as CNC and EDM machines. Machinery must be thoroughly checked before operation to ensure no technical issues occur. Regular maintenance helps to detect and rectify damages early, preventing unexpected incidents that could cause occupational accidents.

Workers must adhere to safe work procedures and participate fully in occupational safety training courses organized by the company. These training courses aim to equip them with the necessary knowledge and skills to recognize and handle hazardous situations. Close supervision from management and compliance with safety regulations will contribute to creating a safe working environment and minimizing occupational accidents in the mold making process.

6. Handling emergency occupational accidents during mold making

When an emergency occupational accident occurs during the mold making process, quick and effective handling is crucial to minimize damage and protect workers. First, it is necessary to immediately stop all machine activities and activate the emergency stop switch. Stopping operations immediately helps prevent the accident from escalating and protects the victim from other potential dangers.

Next, first aid measures should be administered on the spot. Employees should be trained in occupational safety to be able to perform basic first aid such as stopping bleeding, bandaging wounds, or providing CPR if necessary. First aid kits should be placed in easily accessible locations and staff must know how to use them effectively.

Calling for emergency services and reporting the incident to management and authorities is an essential step. Detailed information about the victim’s condition and the cause of the accident must be fully provided so that doctors and authorities can provide timely support. After handling the emergency situation, it is necessary to investigate the cause and implement measures to improve occupational safety procedures to prevent similar accidents from recurring in the future.

II. Occupational safety and health for mechanical processing personnel

1. Job characteristics of mechanical processing

Mechanical processing is one of the important stages in the production of metal parts, requiring high precision. In this stage, technicians use cutting, turning, milling, and grinding machines to process metal parts, ensuring they achieve the required dimensions and shapes. Precision in every operation is a key factor, as even a small mistake can affect the performance and durability of the product.

A prominent feature of this work is the application of advanced technology and high-level techniques to ensure accuracy. CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machines are widely used, allowing for complex operations to be performed with absolute precision. Technicians need to have high skills and a deep understanding of the processing procedures, materials, and how to operate the machinery to ensure the final product achieves the best quality.

Finally, quality inspection and evaluation are indispensable steps in the mechanical processing process. Products after processing must be thoroughly inspected for dimensions, shape, and surface finish. The combination of high technology, precision, and a rigorous inspection process ensures that the manufactured parts will fit together perfectly, meeting the strict requirements of the industry.

2. Types of occupational accidents in the mechanical processing process

During the mechanical processing process, occupational accidents can occur due to the hazardous nature of operations such as cutting, turning, milling, and grinding. A common type of accident is being cut or injured by a blade or machine parts. When operating a cutting or turning machine, if safety procedures are not followed, workers can have their hands or other body parts cut by the blade, leading to serious injuries.

Besides, accidents from contact with metal dust and debris are also a noteworthy issue. During grinding and milling, metal dust and debris can fly into the eyes or stick to the skin, causing irritation or burns. If adequate protective equipment such as safety goggles and masks are not used, workers are at risk of serious injury.

Another type of accident is machinery-related incidents, such as machinery getting jammed or malfunctioning during processing. This incident can lead to accidents such as getting a hand or other body parts stuck in the machine, causing serious injuries. Ensuring that machinery is regularly maintained and that safety procedures are followed is very important to prevent these accidents.

3. Causes of occupational accidents in mechanical processing

Occupational accidents in the mechanical processing process often stem from non-compliance with safety procedures and a lack of thorough preparation. A primary cause is that workers do not use full personal protective equipment such as gloves, safety glasses, and masks. The lack of these protective measures easily leads to injuries from contact with sharp blades, metal debris, or dust from the cutting, turning, milling, and grinding stages.

Technical failure of machinery is also a significant cause of accidents. Mechanical processing machines such as CNC machines, lathes, and grinders can malfunction if not properly maintained. Damage or technical faults such as a broken blade, a faulty control system, or a jammed machine can cause serious accidents for workers. This emphasizes the importance of regular maintenance and inspection of machinery to ensure they operate stably and safely.

A lack of training and skills also contributes to an increased risk of accidents. Workers who are not fully trained on machine operating procedures and safety measures may perform incorrect operations, leading to incidents and accidents. Ensuring that workers are thoroughly trained and have a full understanding of safety regulations is a crucial way to minimize the risk of occupational accidents in the mechanical processing process.

4. Preventive measures for occupational accidents in mechanical processing

To prevent occupational accidents during mechanical processing, it is very important to adhere to safety measures. First, workers must always use full personal protective equipment such as gloves, safety glasses, and masks to minimize the risk of injury from metal debris and dust during cutting, turning, milling, and grinding. Ensuring that protective equipment is regularly inspected and replaced promptly when damaged is essential to maintain its protective effectiveness.

In addition, conducting work environment monitoring is an important measure to detect and prevent potential hazards. Work environment monitoring helps assess working conditions, identify hazardous factors such as excessive metal dust or substandard machinery. The monitoring results help to adjust and improve working conditions, ensuring that the work environment always meets safety standards.

Training and raising workers’ awareness of safety procedures and regulations for operating machinery are indispensable. Thorough training helps workers master the necessary skills and knowledge to operate machinery safely and recognize potential hazards. The combination of adherence to safety regulations, work environment monitoring, and in-depth training will help minimize the risk of occupational accidents in the mechanical processing process.

5. Occupational safety regulations in mechanical processing

Occupational safety regulations in the mechanical processing stage are crucial to protect the health and safety of workers. First and foremost, the use of full personal protective equipment is mandatory. Workers need to wear safety glasses to protect their eyes from metal dust and debris, as well as use gloves and masks to avoid direct contact with sharp tools and fine dust. Ensuring that protective equipment is always maintained in good condition and replaced when necessary is essential.

In addition to using protective equipment, the process of maintaining and regularly inspecting processing machinery is also a key requirement. Cutting, turning, milling, and grinding machines need to be properly maintained to ensure stable and safe operation. Technical failures due to machinery breakdown can lead to serious accidents, so regular inspection and maintenance of machinery help to detect and rectify potential problems early.

Finally, training and coaching workers on safety procedures is indispensable. Training helps workers master safe machine operation skills and identify potential hazards in the work environment. In addition, organizing periodic training sessions and testing employees’ knowledge helps to raise safety awareness, reduce the risk of accidents, and ensure that occupational safety regulations are strictly followed.

6. Handling emergency occupational accidents in mechanical processing

When an occupational accident occurs during mechanical processing, the first step is to immediately stop all machinery and activate the emergency stop system. This helps prevent further accidents and minimizes risks for the workers. Stopping the machine promptly also allows the rescue team to access the scene more safely.

After the machinery has been stopped, first aid for the victim should be administered. Staff trained in occupational safety should perform basic first aid measures such as stopping bleeding, bandaging wounds, or providing respiratory support if necessary. Timely and correct first aid can reduce the severity of the injury and help the victim feel more comfortable before being transported to a medical facility.

Reporting the incident to management and authorities is very important. Information about the accident, the victim’s condition, and the cause of the incident should be recorded and fully communicated. After handling the emergency situation, it is necessary to investigate the cause and update safety procedures to prevent similar accidents in the future. Improving procedures and retraining staff will help enhance the level of safety in the mechanical processing environment.

III. Occupational safety and health for casting and molding personnel

1. Job characteristics of casting and molding

Casting and molding are important production processes in the manufacturing industry, where complex parts are created through the use of precise molds. In the casting process, molten metal is poured into molds to shape products according to the design. After the metal cools and solidifies, the product is removed from the mold. This process requires high precision to ensure that complex details are produced to the correct size and shape.

Similarly, the molding process is used for the production of plastic parts, where molten plastic is poured into a mold and compressed to create the shape. The molding process allows for the mass production of plastic products with high precision and consistent quality. The molds in the molding process must be designed and manufactured with high precision to ensure that the final products have the desired size and shape.

Both casting and molding processes require close supervision and stable working conditions to achieve the best product quality. During this process, controlling temperature, pressure, and solidification time is very important to ensure that the manufactured products meet standards and have high durability.

2. Types of occupational accidents in the casting and molding process

In the casting and molding process, occupational accidents can occur due to the nature of the work involving the handling of molten metal and hot plastic. One of the common accidents is burns from contact with molten metal. When the metal is in a liquid state and at a high temperature, any incident such as a leak or spill can cause severe burns to workers if they are not adequately protected.

Besides, machinery-related incidents can also cause accidents. In the molding process, the press operates at high pressure, and if the machine malfunctions or is not properly maintained, it can lead to accidents such as hands or other body parts getting caught in the machine. This incident can cause serious injuries, from broken bones to soft tissue damage.

In addition, dust and toxic gases generated from the casting and molding process can also cause health problems. During metal casting, smoke and toxic gases from the molten metal can affect the respiratory system of workers if there is not a good ventilation system. Similarly, during plastic molding, chemical compounds from the molten plastic can create toxic fumes, requiring the use of ventilation systems and personal protective equipment to protect health.

3. Causes of occupational accidents in casting and molding

The main cause of occupational accidents in the casting and molding process often stems from inadequate management and a lack of adherence to safety procedures. A common cause is direct contact with molten metal or hot plastic. When the metal casting or plastic molding process is not tightly controlled, metal or plastic can spill out of the mold, causing burns or serious injuries to workers.

Secondly, technical failure of machinery is also a dangerous factor. The machinery used in the casting and molding process operates at high temperatures and pressures. If the machinery malfunctions, such as the cooling system not working properly or the pressing mechanism failing, this can lead to accidents. Technical failures that are not detected in time can cause the machinery to operate unstably, increasing the risk of accidents.

Factors related to working conditions and protection also play an important role. Not using adequate personal protective equipment, such as heat-resistant gloves, safety glasses, and dust masks, can increase the risk of injury. In addition, substandard working environment conditions, such as a lack of ventilation or working in a confined space, can also lead to health problems and occupational accidents.

4. Preventive measures for occupational accidents during casting and molding

To prevent occupational accidents during the casting and molding process, it is very important to adhere to safety measures. First of all, the use of full personal protective equipment is mandatory. Workers need to wear safety glasses, heat-resistant gloves, and dust masks to protect against metal dust, debris, and toxic fumes generated from the casting and molding processes. Ensuring that protective equipment is always inspected and maintained in good condition helps minimize the risk of injury.

Besides, regular maintenance and inspection of machinery are very necessary. The machinery used in the casting and molding process must be regularly maintained to ensure stable and safe operation. The cooling systems, pressing mechanisms, and other parts need to be inspected and repaired promptly to prevent technical failures that could lead to accidents.

Training and raising awareness about occupational safety are an important part of accident prevention. Workers need to be trained on safety procedures and how to handle emergency situations. At the same time, safety procedures and measures need to be updated regularly and strictly implemented to ensure the work environment is always safe and effective.

5. Occupational safety regulations for casting and molding

In the casting and molding process, adherence to occupational safety regulations is extremely important to protect workers from potential hazards. First, all employees must wear full personal protective equipment including safety glasses, heat-resistant gloves, and dust masks. This equipment not only protects workers from burns due to contact with molten metal and hot plastic but also helps to minimize the risk of inhaling dust or toxic fumes generated during the production process.

Next, regular maintenance and inspection of equipment and machinery is an important safety regulation. Machinery such as molding presses and casting equipment needs to be regularly inspected to ensure they operate stably and safely. The cooling system and pressing mechanisms must be properly maintained to prevent technical failures that could lead to accidents. Inspection and maintenance help to detect and rectify potential problems before they cause serious incidents.

Taking tests at occupational safety centers is aimed at obtaining a labor safety certificate. From there, workers will have a clear understanding of safety knowledge as well as a valid certification for their work.

6. Handling emergency occupational accidents during casting and molding

When an occupational accident occurs during the casting and molding process, the first step is to immediately stop the operation of the machinery to prevent the risk of further accidents. Activating the emergency stop system or quickly turning off the power to the machinery helps prevent contact with molten metal or hot plastic, and also creates a safer environment for first aid and response to be carried out.

Immediately after stopping the machine, providing first aid to the victim is the top priority. If there is contact with hot metal or molten plastic on the skin, the injured area should be cooled with clean water immediately to reduce the damage. Basic first aid measures such as stopping bleeding, bandaging wounds, or providing respiratory support should be performed immediately. If the victim’s condition is serious, an ambulance should be called and the victim should be transported to the nearest medical facility in a timely manner.

After handling the emergency situation, it is important to report the incident to management and the relevant authorities to investigate the cause. A complete record of information about the accident and related factors helps to identify the root cause and implement measures to improve the work process, thereby preventing similar accidents in the future. At the same time, safety measures and work procedures need to be reviewed and updated to ensure the safety of the entire workforce.

IV. Occupational safety and health for heat treatment personnel

1. Job characteristics of heat treatment

Heat treatment is an important process in the metal fabrication industry, aimed at improving the mechanical properties of metal parts. This process involves heating the parts to a high temperature and then cooling them using various methods. The main goal of heat treatment is to increase the hardness, strength, and ductility of the metal, helping the product better meet technical requirements and practical applications.

During the heat treatment process, there are three main methods used: quenching, tempering, and annealing. The quenching method is usually applied to increase the hardness of the metal by heating it to a high temperature and then rapidly cooling it in water or oil. Tempering, on the other hand, helps to improve ductility and reduce internal stress by cooling more slowly, usually in air or in a special oil. The annealing method is used to reduce hardness and improve mechanical properties, by heating to a high temperature and cooling slowly, making the metal easier to work with.

The heat treatment process requires precise control of temperature and time to achieve the desired mechanical properties. Any error in controlling the temperature or the cooling process can seriously affect the quality of the final product. Therefore, monitoring and adjusting the heat treatment process is very important to ensure that the metal parts meet technical standards and perform effectively in practical applications.

2. Types of occupational accidents in the heat treatment process

In the heat treatment process, occupational accidents can occur due to the nature of the work involving working with high temperatures and hot metal materials. A common type of accident is thermal burns. When metal parts are heated to high temperatures, any direct or accidental contact with the hot metal can cause severe burns. These burns can occur due to careless work or technical failures causing hot metal to spill out.

Secondly, accidents related to equipment and machinery are also a major risk. During the heat treatment process, equipment such as furnaces and cooling systems operate at high temperatures and pressures. If the equipment malfunctions or is not properly maintained, it can lead to accidents such as furnace explosions or cooling system failures, causing injuries to workers. This incident can damage equipment and pose a danger to the health of workers.

Finally, the risk related to inhaling toxic gases or dust generated during the heat treatment process is also a serious problem. When metal is heated, chemical reactions can produce smoke and toxic gases. If there is no effective ventilation system or respiratory protection equipment, workers can be affected by these harmful substances, leading to respiratory problems and long-term health issues. Ensuring good ventilation and using protective equipment is very important to minimize this risk.

3. Causes of occupational accidents during heat treatment

Occupational accidents during the heat treatment process often arise from various causes, mainly related to the incorrect management and operation of equipment and procedures. A primary cause is improper temperature control. Heat treatment requires high precision in heating and cooling metal parts. If the heating or cooling equipment is not adjusted correctly, the metal may be overheated or heated unevenly, leading to the risk of fire, explosion, or other incidents.

Secondly, equipment failure and machinery breakdown are another common cause. During the heat treatment process, equipment such as furnaces and cooling systems operate at high temperatures and pressures. If this equipment is not regularly maintained or has technical faults, it can cause serious incidents, such as furnace explosions or hot metal leaks, increasing the risk of occupational accidents.

4. Preventive measures for occupational accidents during heat treatment

Complete the occupational health and safety training to be issued a group 3 labor safety card by the occupational safety training center to complete your records as required for work.

To minimize occupational accidents during the heat treatment process, adhering to safety measures is essential. First of all, workers need to be fully equipped with personal protective equipment, including heat-resistant gloves, safety glasses, and dust masks. This equipment helps protect against burns from molten metal and minimizes the risk of inhaling smoke or toxic gases generated during the heating process. Ensuring that protective equipment is always in good condition and meets safety standards is an important step in preventing accidents.

Besides, regular maintenance and inspection of heat treatment equipment is very important. Furnaces, cooling systems, and other equipment need to be regularly maintained to ensure stable and safe operation. Technical failures such as leaks or machinery breakdown can lead to serious accidents, so it is very necessary to detect and rectify potential problems in a timely manner.

5. Occupational safety regulations for heat treatment

In the heat treatment process, occupational safety regulations play a crucial role in protecting the health and lives of workers. First, all employees must be fully equipped with personal protective equipment such as heat-resistant gloves, safety glasses, and dust masks. This equipment not only protects workers from the risk of burns from molten metal but also helps to minimize the risk of inhaling dust and toxic gases generated during the heating process.

In addition to using protective equipment, the operating procedures for heat treatment equipment must also follow strict safety regulations. Equipment such as furnaces and cooling systems need to be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure stable and safe operation. The adjustment of temperature and pressure must be done accurately to prevent incidents such as furnace explosions or uneven cooling, which can be dangerous for workers.

Training and updating knowledge on safety is very necessary. Workers must be properly trained on safe work procedures, how to use protective equipment, and how to handle emergency situations. Safety procedures need to be implemented uniformly and updated regularly to ensure all employees are well-versed in the regulations and implement them effectively, contributing to a safe working environment and minimizing the risk of accidents.

6. Handling emergency occupational accidents during heat treatment

When an occupational accident occurs during the heat treatment process, the first step is to immediately stop all equipment operations. This not only helps prevent the accident from becoming more serious but also facilitates first aid and emergency response activities. To do this, employees need to know how to use the machine’s emergency stop system and must be trained in rapid response procedures.

After the equipment has been stopped, providing first aid to the victim is the top priority. If there are thermal burns from hot metal or plastic, the burn should be cooled immediately with clean water to reduce the damage. For other injuries, stopping bleeding, bandaging, and providing respiratory support should be done quickly and accurately. In case the victim’s condition is serious, an ambulance should be called and the victim should be transported to the nearest medical facility in a timely manner.

After handling the emergency situation, a detailed report of the incident must be made to management and the relevant authorities. Investigating the cause of the accident is very important to understand the contributing factors and to implement measures to improve the work process. At the same time, safety measures need to be reviewed and updated to minimize the risk of accidents in the future, ensuring a safe working environment for all employees.

V. Occupational safety and health for surface treatment personnel

1. Job characteristics of surface treatment

The surface treatment process is an important step in manufacturing aimed at improving the performance and durability of parts after machining. Surface treatment jobs such as plating, painting, and protective coating all have the main goal of increasing corrosion resistance, protecting against environmental factors, and improving the aesthetic appearance of the product. In this stage, the parts are usually thoroughly cleaned to remove all impurities and dirt, ensuring the treatment layer adheres well and is highly effective.

The plating and painting process requires precision in applying the coatings. Plating usually involves coating a layer of metal onto the product’s surface to create a protective layer and improve mechanical durability. Painting, on the other hand, provides an outer protective layer with properties such as rust prevention and enhanced aesthetics. These processes must be carried out in a controlled environment to ensure the quality and durability of the coating.

Surface treatment not only requires attention to technique but also adherence to strict occupational safety standards. The use of chemicals and equipment in the surface treatment process needs to be tightly controlled to protect the health of workers and the working environment. Training employees and implementing safety procedures are necessary to minimize risks and ensure that the product achieves the desired quality.

2. Types of occupational accidents in the surface treatment process

In the surface treatment process, occupational accidents can arise from various causes, mainly related to the use of chemicals and specific equipment. A common type of accident is exposure to hazardous chemicals. When performing plating and painting procedures, workers may come into contact with solvents and chemicals that can cause skin irritation, respiratory problems, or even poisoning if not properly protected.

In addition, the use of surface treatment equipment such as plating machines or paint booths also poses many risks. This equipment often operates at high temperatures or pressures, and if not operated carefully or regularly maintained, it can lead to accidents such as burns or mechanical failures. These risks can increase if workers do not follow safety procedures or if the equipment is not regularly inspected.

The risk of accidents also comes from an improperly cleaned work environment. Waste from the surface treatment process, such as paint dust or chemical residues, can cause slips or air pollution, leading to accidents such as slips and falls or respiratory problems. Ensuring a clean and well-ventilated work environment is an important factor in minimizing occupational accidents in this stage.

3. Causes of occupational accidents during surface treatment

Occupational accidents in the surface treatment process mainly stem from the unsafe use of chemicals and equipment. During the plating, painting, and protective coating process, hazardous chemicals such as solvents, acids, and cleaning agents can cause health problems if not handled properly. Long-term exposure to these chemicals can lead to skin irritation, respiratory problems, or even poisoning if there is no protective equipment or safe work procedures.

In addition, the operation of surface treatment equipment is also a major cause of accidents. This equipment often operates at high temperatures or pressures, and if not properly maintained or if workers are not fully trained, incidents such as burns, explosions, or machine malfunctions can occur. This risk increases if the equipment is not regularly inspected or if safety regulations are not followed when using it.

4. Preventive measures for occupational accidents during surface treatment

To minimize occupational accidents in the surface treatment process, the use of personal protective equipment is very important. Employees must wear chemical-resistant gloves, safety glasses, and masks to protect against dust, chemical vapors, and radiation from processes such as plating and painting. Equipping and using full protective equipment helps prevent health problems and protect the body from dangerous effects.

In addition to personal protection, regular inspection and maintenance of equipment is also a necessary measure. Equipment such as plating tanks, painting machines, and protective coating systems need to be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure they operate effectively and safely. This not only helps to detect technical faults early but also prevents incidents that may occur due to substandard equipment.

Maintaining a clean and well-ventilated work environment is also an important factor in preventing occupational accidents. An effective ventilation system should be installed to remove dust and chemical vapors, and waste from the surface treatment process must be collected and disposed of properly. A clean and well-ventilated work environment helps to minimize health and accident risks for workers.

5. Occupational safety regulations for surface treatment

Occupational safety regulations in the surface treatment process focus on protecting workers’ health and ensuring safety in the work environment. First, the use of personal protective equipment is mandatory. Employees must wear chemical-resistant gloves, eye protection, and masks to prevent exposure to hazardous chemicals during plating, painting, and protective coating. This protective equipment helps minimize the risk of skin irritation, respiratory problems, and other injuries.

Secondly, safety regulations require regular inspection and maintenance of equipment. Systems such as plating tanks and painting machines need to be regularly inspected to ensure they operate effectively and without technical faults. Proper maintenance not only helps the equipment operate stably but also prevents incidents such as chemical leaks or machine malfunctions that can be dangerous for workers.

Finally, maintaining a clean and well-ventilated work environment is an important element of safety regulations. Ventilation systems must be installed to remove dust and chemical vapors, and waste must be collected and disposed of properly. This helps to minimize the risk of contamination and create a safe working environment for all employees.

6. Handling emergency occupational accidents during surface treatment

When an occupational accident occurs during the surface treatment process, a quick and accurate response is crucial to minimize the impact and protect workers’ health. In case of contact with hazardous chemicals, the first thing to do is to move the victim out of the contaminated area and wash the contact area with clean water. For chemicals that get into the eyes, the eyes should be washed immediately under running water for at least 15 minutes and the victim should be taken to a medical facility for timely examination and treatment.

When an equipment incident occurs, such as a leak or machine malfunction, it is necessary to immediately turn off the power and isolate the equipment to prevent the situation from becoming more serious. Then, employees should notify the technical or maintenance department to inspect and repair the equipment. Ensure that no one else comes into contact with the equipment or the affected area until the incident is completely resolved.

VI. Occupational safety and health for assembly personnel

1. Job characteristics of assembly

The assembly of parts after processing is a crucial stage to create complete component assemblies. The main characteristic of this process is the meticulousness and precision in combining small parts into a complete system. Technicians must ensure that each part is assembled correctly according to the technical drawings, and the parts must fit together perfectly to achieve the optimal quality and performance of the final product.

The assembly process requires careful inspection at every step to detect and correct any errors that may occur. Technicians often use precise measuring tools and testing equipment to ensure that all parts meet the requirements for size and function. This inspection not only helps to detect problems early but also ensures that the finished product meets quality and safety standards.

Assembly needs to be carried out in a clean and well-organized environment to prevent incidents and ensure work efficiency. Each assembly stage must be closely monitored to ensure that all steps are performed correctly. Good coordination among team members and a precise assembly process are decisive factors in creating high-quality and reliable products.

2. Types of occupational accidents in the assembly process

During the assembly of parts, many types of occupational accidents can occur if proper safety measures are not taken. One of the common accidents is injuries from tools or equipment. The improper use of tools such as screwdrivers, pliers, or drills can lead to cuts, skin punctures, or other serious injuries. This often happens when technicians do not follow the correct procedures for using protective equipment or are not fully trained on how to use them.

Accidents from slips or collisions are also a common problem in the assembly environment. Work areas that are not kept clean or contain many cluttered materials and parts can cause slips and falls. Collisions due to working in a confined space or with inadequate lighting can also lead to mechanical injuries. The lack of organization and management of the workspace plays a significant role in minimizing these risks.

3. Causes of occupational accidents during assembly

The main cause of occupational accidents during the assembly process is often related to a lack of attention and carelessness in operations. When technicians are not focused or perform their work in a hurry, the risk of making mistakes increases, which in turn leads to the improper use of tools or working in unsafe conditions. A lack of precision in operations can lead to injuries from sharp tools or unsafe equipment operation.

Furthermore, another important factor is the shortcoming in implementing regular inspection and maintenance procedures for equipment and tools. If assembly tools are not regularly maintained or their quality is not checked, they can break down or cause incidents during work. This incident can lead to serious accidents if not detected and rectified in a timely manner.

4. Preventive measures for occupational accidents during assembly

To prevent occupational accidents during the assembly process, the first step is to raise the awareness and skills of employees through regular training. Technicians need to be specifically instructed on safe assembly procedures, how to use tools correctly, and accident prevention measures. Training helps employees identify potential risks and handle emergency situations effectively.

Besides, maintaining a clean and well-organized work environment is very important. The work area should be cleaned regularly to remove excess materials and waste, avoiding the creation of an environment prone to slips or collisions. Ensure that tools and equipment are regularly maintained to detect and rectify any malfunctions or incidents in a timely manner, thereby minimizing the risk of accidents.

Finally, the use of full personal protective equipment is an indispensable factor. Safety glasses, gloves, and non-slip shoes should be provided to technicians to protect them from injuries from sharp tools or collisions. At the same time, establishing strict safety regulations and conducting regular inspections helps ensure that all preventive measures are fully and effectively implemented.

5. Occupational safety regulations for assembly

When performing assembly work, adherence to occupational safety regulations is a prerequisite to ensure a safe and effective working environment. First, all technicians must be fully trained on the assembly process and safety measures. Training includes the correct use of tools, risk identification, and how to handle emergency situations. This helps to enhance the awareness and skills of employees in performing their tasks safely.

In addition, each assembly area needs to be prepared and maintained according to strict safety standards. This includes ensuring a clean and tidy work environment, as well as regularly inspecting and maintaining tools and equipment. The assembly area needs to be fully equipped with personal protective equipment such as safety glasses, gloves, and non-slip shoes to protect employees from the risk of accidents.

6. Handling emergency occupational accidents during assembly

When an occupational accident occurs during the assembly process, the first step is to ensure the safety of all employees. Immediately stop all activities to avoid making the situation worse. The accident victim should be carefully moved out of the danger zone, while providing basic first aid if necessary. Ensure that other employees are protected and not exposed to potential risks.

Next, the accident report should be made immediately according to the company’s internal regulations. A detailed record of the incident, including the time, location, and possible causes of the accident, is very important for analysis and for taking corrective measures. At the same time, the medical authorities should be notified to provide professional support and to handle serious injury cases.